Koyi game da cikakkun bayanai game da wannan faretin shekara-shekara, wanda mafi kyawun wurare, na tarihi da na ɗabi'a, na ƙasar Saliyo de San Pedro Mártir an haye su.
Kowace shekara hanya tana canzawa, amma koyaushe bin tsofaffin hanyoyin da zango a wuraren da samari suke amfani da su. Muzaharar ta kare a ranar idin da akeyi na Santo Domingo manufa, a farkon watan Agusta. A zahiri, ana sa ran isowar kaboyi don fara bikin, wanda ta hanyar, shine ɗayan tsofaffi a cikin jihar (1775). Yawanci akwai motsi na mahaya, wasu suna farawa, wasu suna haɗuwa daga baya, a takaice, hanya ce ta asali don rayuwa tare da ceton al'adun yankin.
TA YAYA AKA FARA DUKA?
Saliyo daga San Pedro Mártir zuwa tsakiyar jihar Baja California, ɗayan ɗayan kyawawan yankuna ne masu kyau a arewacin arewacin yankin. Duwatsu na farin dutse suna tashi sama daga hamada, fiye da kilomita 2, zuwa sama da mita 3,000 sama da matakin teku. Wannan masassarar, kamar tsibiri, ta sami nasarar kare kyakkyawan gandun daji, da kuma wata fulawa da fauna ta musamman. A wannan yankin, wasu tsoffin al'adun Baja California ana kiyaye su, kamar kiwon shanu.
Wanda ya fara binciken wannan tsaunin shine Jesuit mishan Wenceslao Linck, a cikin 1766. Daga baya, a cikin 1775, 'yan mishan na Dominican suka kafa ta gangaren yamma, tsakanin Kiliwa Indiyawa, mazaunan karni na wannan tsaunin, aikin Santo Domingo de Guzmán, wanda ya haifar da al'ummar Santo Domingo na yanzu, 200 kilomita kudu da garin Ensenada.
Daga aikin Santo Domingo ne aka fara binciken Sierra de San Pedro Mártir a cikin tsari, ta yadda hanyar da 1794 Dominicans suka kafa, a saman sa, da Ofishin Jakadancin San Pedro Mártir de Verona, a bangaren da aka sani a yau kamar Missionofar Ofishin Jakadancin, inda har yanzu ana iya ganin tushen tsohuwar cocinsa. Daga wannan manufa ce ta ƙasar tudu ta ɗauki sunanta.
Don haka, mishan ɗin sun gabatar da shanu a matsayin ɗayan hanyoyin samun abinci, suna kafa wuraren kiwo da yawa, a saman tsaunuka da kan gangarenta. A saman, an yi amfani da shafuka masu kyau kamar Santa Rosa, La Grulla, Santa Eulalia, Santo Tomás, La Encantada da sauransu. A saboda wannan ne suka kawo kaboyi da makiyaya wadanda suka haifar da wannan al'adar a cikin jihar Baja Kalifoniya a yanzu.
Tsakanin waɗannan wuraren kiwo da mishan, da kuma wuraren kiwo, an ƙirƙiri hanyoyi, suna ba da rai ga yanki mai faɗi. A lokacin bazara ana kiwon shanu a saman, inda ciyawa da yawa ke tsirowa; da zarar hunturu ya gabato, sai su sauke ta. Waɗannan tarurrukan ana kiransu vaquereadas.
Kwarewar KWONMU
A bara an fara hawa a cikin Ejido Zapata, arewacin San Quintín bay. Kwanakin farko da ya tafi ƙasan duwatsun, a gefen arewa, ya ratsa ta jama'ar San Telmo, da Hacienda Sinaloa, da El Coyote ranch, da kuma yankin Los Encinos, har sai ya fara gangaren da ke hawa zuwa saman. An ɗora kaya a kan alfadarai, a cikin jakunkunan ɓoye na fata daban-daban, waɗanda aka yi su a tsohuwar salon mishan. Mun bi tsofaffin hanyoyi, a yau sanannu ne kawai da ke san shanu waɗanda ke tuka shanu zuwa ɓangarorin San Pedro Mártir. Muna hawa, kafin ra'ayoyi masu ban sha'awa. Da zarar mun isa tsaunukan, sai muka bi ta cikin kyakkyawan gandun dajin na tsawon awanni, muna ratsawa da sauran wurare masu kyau.
Mun ƙare ranar a cikin White Deer wuri, inda rafi ke gudana tsakanin manyan bishiyun pine. Akwai karamin gida a can. Mun zazzage dabbobin mun ɗauki sirdi daga dawakai, an sake su don su ci ciyawa da sha a rafi.
Kafin rana ta faɗi, an tara ruwa da itacen wuta, an kunna wuta, an kuma shirya abincin dare, wanda ya ƙunshi naman da aka yi da busasshiyar nama da shinkafa. Bayan haka muna shirya shayi na pennyroyal, tsire-tsire na magani wanda yake da yawa a cikin tsaunuka, kuma muna magana sosai game da sansanin wuta, wanda ta hanyar, cowan mazan da ke nan suna kiransa "ƙarya" ko "maƙaryaci", wai don suna faɗan tsarkakakkun maganganu. A can, a tsakanin hayaƙi da zafi na fathoms, almara, labaru, barkwanci da almara. Godiya ga gaskiyar cewa babu wata, muna jin daɗin sararin samaniya a cikin dukkan darajarta. Hanyar Milky ta faranta mana rai kwarai da gaske, kamar yadda ake iya gani tsawonsa daga jakar barci akan ciyawa.
Sansanonin rayuwar mu
Kashegari, mun ci gaba da hawa cikin daji, har sai da muka isa wurin da aka sani da Vallecitos, daga inda muke iya hango babban hangen nesa na UNAM masu lura da taurari. Sa'an nan kuma mu ɗauki hanyar La Tasajera har sai mun isa kyakkyawan kwarin Rancho Viejo, wuri mai kyau na gaske. Daga nan muka ci gaba zuwa babban kwarin La Grulla, har ma da kyau, inda muka lura da kwarewar 'yan kato da gora, da biye da shanun da suka sakko. Kyakkyawan nuni ne na Baja California sa'a.
Yammaci ne lokacin da muka yada zango a kwarin La Grulla, kusa da bazara inda aka haifi rafin Santo Domingo. A can akwai babban tafki inda aka sami damar yin iyo har ma da kifi don kifi, wanda muka yi. Shafin ya kasance kusan cikakke, godiya ga gaskiyar cewa ba shi da hanyoyi, ana iya isa da shi ne a ƙafa ko a kan doki. Mun kasance a can duk yini, muna jin daɗin kyanta da yanayinta, amma kuma mun ga yawancin abubuwan da suka rage na farkon mazaunan tsaunin, ina nufin Indiyawan Kiliwa. Mun yi sa'a mun sami alamun ƙwayoyin metates, kwanson kibiya, kayan kwalliya da tukwane.
HANYA ZUWA WAYEWA
Bayan zamanmu a La Grulla, sai muka fara gangarowa. Mun tsallake rafin La Zanja, muka ratsa yankin La Primera Agua kuma muka fara gangaren Descanso, wanda ya shahara tsakanin samari da ƙauyuka. Da yawa daga cikinmu sun sauka daga kan doki a cikin sassa mafi wahala. An rasa sararin samaniya a cikin jerin tsaunuka. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kadan, mun isa gidan Santa Cruz, wanda yake a ƙasan dutsen, inda muka gama ranar. A gindin dutsen, musamman a cikin koramu, manyan bishiyoyi bishiyoyi ne, kodayake kuma mun ga da yawa willow. Wurin da muka sauka ya kasance mai daɗi, sanannen wuri tsakanin samari saboda yana da sarari, ruwa, ciyawa kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali.
RODEO DA JAM'I
'Yan kwanaki masu zuwa, hanyoyin sun bi mu ta hanyar biranen El Huatal, Arroyo Hondo da El Venado. 2 ga watan Agusta shine ranarmu ta karshe.
Tuni a Santo Domingo suna jiranmu don fara bukukuwan maulidi, ɗayan tsofaffi a cikin jihar. Sun tarbe mu da murna sosai. Mun zaga cikin gari har sai da muka karasa kusa da pantheon, inda suka riga suka hallara don fara fara bikin bisa ƙa'ida a rodeo, ɗayan al'adun gargajiyar ƙauye a nan.
Wurin White Deer Sierra de Baja California Wenceslao Linck
