Da yawa abubuwan jan hankali ne wadanda suka sanya jihar Puebla ta kasance daya daga cikin yankuna da ke da mafi girman al'adun gargajiya a Jamhuriyar ta Mexico.
Daga cikinsu akwai abubuwan tarihinta wadanda aka bayyana a cikin duwatsu masu duwatsu, turmi, tubali da talavera, haɗin jituwa wanda ya bambanta su kuma ya gano su a duk faɗin ƙasar.
A cikin ƙarni na 16, faransawan Franciscan sun bar alama mai zurfi akan waɗannan ƙasashe, wanda har yanzu ana yaba su a cikin rukunin gidajensu, waɗanda gidajen ibadarsu ke nuna alamun yaƙi wanda ke ba su bayyanar kagarai daga Tsakiyar Zamani. A cikin wannan rukuni ne gidan zuhudu na San Miguel a Huejotzingo, sanye take da kyawawan ɗakunan bauta guda huɗu. A Cholula, gidan zuhudu na San Gabriel ya ba da sararin samaniya tare da ban mamaki Royal ko Chapel na Chapel, wanda aka kafa ta ɗakunan ruwa guda tara ko farfajiyoyi da maɓuɓɓuka 63 waɗanda ke da ginshiƙai 36, kuma wanda ke nuna babban tasirin masallatan Larabawa.
A cikin Tepeaca, haikalin gidan zuhudu yana da buɗaɗɗu biyu a saman ɓangaren facin sa inda aka yi "zagayen wucewa". Wani abin tunawa da aka adana a cikin babban filin wannan wurin shine El Rollo, hasumiya irin ta Larabawa inda aka hukunta 'yan ƙasar. Gidan zuhudun San Andrés Calpan yana alfahari da ɗakunan bauta guda huɗu waɗanda ake ɗauka mafi kyau a cikin New Spain, kuma inda ake yabawa da thean asalin ma'aikata sosai. A kan gangaren abin da ake kira Cerro de San Miguel, a cikin garin Atlixco, gidan zuhudu na Nuestra Señora yana nan, wanda haikalinsa yake da kyakkyawar faɗade na Plateresque. Wata maɓuɓɓugar ruwa daga ƙarni na 16 ta kasance tare da wani gidan zuhudu da ya dace a Tochimilco, garin da ke gangaren dutsen tsaunin Popocatépetl.
Na da girma girman gidajen ibada ne na Huaquechula, tare da ƙofarta ta gefe don nuna halin ɗabi'ar zamani; na Cuauhtinchan, inda aka adana ɗayan manyan bagade guda uku na asali daga ƙarni na 16; kuma a ƙarshe na Tecali, wanda duk da kasancewarsa kango abin birgewa ne saboda tsayin ƙwanƙolin haikalin, kaurin ganuwar sa da faɗade na gargajiya. Ya kamata a tuna cewa majami'u na Huejotzingo, Calpan da Tochimilco an ayyana su a matsayin al'adun al'adu na ɗan adam ta hanyar ƙaddamarwa a cikin 1994.
Bayan kirkirar dabarun zane-zane na Mutanen Espanya da fasahar Turai a sassakar itace, masu aikin Puebla sun buga takamaiman tambarinsu a ƙofar ƙofofi da bagade na adadi da yawa na haikalin da ɗakunan bauta da aka gina a ƙarni na sha bakwai da goma sha takwas.
Kyakkyawan bagade na zinare daga ƙarshen karni na 19 yana Santo Domingo, ɗayan gidan ibada mafi yawan ziyarta saboda kyawawan Chapel na Rosary, wanda ɗayan mahimman ayyukan adon da aka gudanar a cikin New Spain da duk duniya ke faruwa. . Gidan ibada na Franciscan tare da siririn siffa yana kan faɗinsa bangarori goma sha huɗu waɗanda aka kafa da tiles, wanda ya bambanta da duhun duwatsu; a gefe guda, facade na haikalin Guadalupe biki ne na launi saboda an rufe shi da tayal na sautuna daban-daban.
Abubuwan da ke cikin haikalin ba wai kawai suna adon bagade, gabobi da bagade ba, amma wani abu mai mahimmanci: tsarkaka da budurwai waɗanda yawancin mutanen garin ke girmamawa. A cikin gidan ibada na Santa Monica, alal misali, akwai hoton Girman Ubangijin Al'ajabi, wanda har baƙi ma suka ziyarta. Abubuwan tarihin sun hada da wuraren da al'adu suka shafe su, kamar tsohuwar gidan zuhudu na Santa Rosa, wanda ke dauke da mafi kyawun abinci na mulkin mallaka na Mexico, wanda aka lika a bangonsa da rufinsa da tayal masu launin shuɗi da fari.
A cikin kewayen garin Puebla, ziyarar ta zama tilas ga gidajen ibada na Acatepec da Tonantzintla. A na farko, cikakken hadewar tayal din da aka kawata wanda yasha gabanta na baroque da karfi yana jawo hankali; cikinsa baya baya a baya, kamar yadda yake nuni da kyakkyawan bagadensa mai kyau. Akasin haka, facade na haikalin na Santa María Tonantzintla, tare da kayan aikin sa na yau da kullun tare da tubalin ja da tayal, ya fi kyau, kuma ba ya faɗakar da abubuwan da ke ciki. Ganuwarta, ginshiƙanta, arches da vaults suna nuna babban polychromy da ɗimbin mala'iku, kerubobi, furanni da fruitsa fruitsan itace, wanda ya haifar da “orgy” baroque tare da alamar shahara mai kyau.
An kafa shi a cikin 1531, garin Puebla yana da kewayen babban dandalin wakilcin gine-ginen ikon addini da na mulki, kuma a cikin tubali 120 da aka zana ta hanyar kirtani gidajen Spaniards sun kasance, kamar wanda ake kira Casa del Alfeñique, na Centuryarni na 18, wanda ke haskakawa a cikin filato, a cikin finials na windows da kuma cikin rufin cantilevered na matakin ƙarshe, adon farin turmi mai ado. Wani misalin, wanda yayi daidai da na baya, shine Gidan 'yan tsana, inda masarrafin sa na musamman wanda ba a bayyana shi a bayyane yake; fale-falen buraka da tubali sun shimfide facen falon, wanda a ciki aka rubuta adadi 16 waɗanda suke kama da ayyukan Hercules.
An gina shi a cikin karni na 19, Fort of Loreto tare da ginshiƙanta guda huɗu, yankin da yake da shi da ƙaramar haikalinsa, yana riƙe da amo na yaƙin Cinco de Mayo a 1862. A matsayin misalai na tsarin gine-ginen da ke nuna Porfiriato, da Birnin Puebla yana adana abubuwan tarihi da yawa masu dacewa, kamar Maɗaukakiyar unicipasar Municipal, wanda aka gina a cikin duwatsu masu launin toka, da kuma tsohuwar Fadar Gwamnati, da sanannen tasirin Faransa.
Ga waɗanda muka ambata ɗazu, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Cibiyar Tarihi na garin Puebla, tare da manyan abubuwan tarihi guda 2,169, an ayyana ta a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya a ranar 11 ga Disamba, 1987.
Source: Ba a San Jagoran Mexico ba A'a. 57 Puebla / Maris 2000
