Las Haciendas wani yanki ne na fili wanda ke kewaye da Pacific da kuma manyan masanan da ke wani yanki na fadama.
Las Haciendas wani yanki ne na fili wanda ke kewaye da Pacific da kuma manyan masanan da ke wani yanki na fadama.
A arewacin gabar gabar Nayarit akwai wani yanki mai fadin sama da kilomita 100 a tsayi wanda ya hada da rairayin bakin teku masu kyau da al'ummomin waje, kamar Rancho Nuevo, San Andrés, Santa Cruz, Puerta Palapares, Palmar de Cuautla, El Novillero da San Cayetano, da sauransu. Tun farkon karnin da ya gabata, an kafa wata muhimmiyar masana'antar shanu a wurin wacce ta yi aiki tare da babbar nasara tsawon shekaru da dama, a lokacin an gina gonaki uku; Daga cikin wadannan, na San Cayetano ne kawai ba su mika wuya ga lokaci ba, kamar yadda ya faru da na Santa Cruz da Palmar de Cuautla, wadanda kusan suka bace; duk da haka, har yanzu mazauna yankin suna kiran yankin da "Las Haciendas".
Wannan filin yana hade da sauran jihar ta wata babbar hanyar da ta tashi daga Tuxpan zuwa Santa Cruz da kuma wani daga Tecuala zuwa Playas Novillero, wannan kawai daga 1972, tun kafin ya kasance gaba ɗaya.
Haciendas koyaushe suna da kyakkyawar alaƙa da tsibirin Mexcaltitán, musamman kasuwanci, hanyar haɗi wacce ta samo asali tun zamanin Hispanic, lokacin da Aztec ke zaune a yankin. A yau akwai abubuwa masu yawa (siffofi, yumbu, kibiya) waɗanda za mu iya ganowa a cikin kwasfa ko kwasfa masu ban sha'awa, waɗanda manyan tuddai ne waɗanda miliyoyin kwanson abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda asalinsu suka cinye; bawo ɗin suna ta harbawa wuri ɗaya don ƙirƙirar manyan gungu waɗanda za a iya ganin su daga su daga nisan kilomita da yawa. A yanzun haka hanyoyin nan na gida suma suna rufe da waɗannan kwalliyar, wanda ya sanya su farare da sheki, ana iya gani koda da daddare.
Duk wannan yanki ya kasance, tun kafin zuwan Spaniards, ga ƙungiyar Chimalhuacán, wacce ta ƙunshi masarautu huɗu: Colima da Tonatlán a kudu, da Xalisco da Aztlán zuwa gabas, waɗanda ke cikin jihar Nayarit ta yanzu.
A cikin rubutun Nonoalca, ana kiran Aztec Aztatlecas; sunan farko shi ne na gaskiya, amma na biyun an yi amfani da shi don raha; don haka, Aztatlán, “wurin da mahaukata ke yawaita”, ya zama Aztlán, asalin asalin Aztec.
Masarautar Aztlán ta kunshi babban fadada wanda ya tashi daga kogin Santiago zuwa kogin Umaya. Garuruwan da suka fi muhimmanci a wancan lokacin kuma har yanzu suna kiyaye sunayen su sune: Ytzcuintla, Centizpac, Mexcaltitán, Huaynamota, Acatlán, Acaponeta, Tecuala da Acayapan. Babban birnin masarautar shi ne Aztlán, a yau San Felipe Aztatán, karamar hukumar Tecuala.
A Aztlán Huitzilopochtli an yi masa sujada, wani allah wanda ƙarnuka da yawa daga baya zai mallaki ɗaukacin daular Aztec. A cikin 1530, Sarki Corinca ya mallaki masarautar Aztlán, wanda tare da gidajen sa suna da ƙarin wuraren da aka kame damisa, kadoji da sauran dabbobi, da kuma kyawawan shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa waɗanda fādawansa da baƙinsa suka faranta masa rai.
A ƙarshe, Aztlán ya sami gagarumar runduna wacce ta kunshi Tlaxcalans da Indiyawa Tarascan da Mutanen Spain 500 a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Beltrán Nuño de Guzmán.
A farkon karni na 19, Las Haciendas na wani shahararren mai kiwon shanu ne daga Tuxpan, Don Constancio González. San Cayetano hacienda, wanda aka kafa kusan a cikin 1820, ya sami babban shahara ga shanu da kuma yawan wadataccen auduga, har ma da kyakkyawar ƙazamarta, wacce aka yi ciniki a Tepic, Guadalajara, Tuxpan da Santiago. Samun salinas ma mahimmanci ne, inda yawancin ma'aikata ke aikin gona.
Rancherías waɗanda a yau ke faɗaɗa tare da wannan tsibirin bakin teku sun samo asali ne a farkon wannan karni; daga baya, a ƙarshen 1930s, gwamnati ta kame shugabannin kuma ejidos suka fara zama.
Gidajen gargajiya na lokacin, har yanzu ana iya gani a yau, suna da ɗakuna uku: ɗakin buɗewa (inda aka karɓi baƙi), kicin (abin ɗorawa) da ɗakin kwana, wanda aka yi da sandunan mangrove kuma an rufe shi da adobe; an yi rufin dabino.
A yau farfajiyoyi da kewayen gidajen an kawata su da furanni da shuke-shuke iri-iri. Dangane da ayyukansu, mazauna karkara suna rayuwa daga kamun kifin wanda ya yawaita a fadama (shrimp, mojarra, curbina, snapper, snook, oyster). Har yanzu ana samun kifin shrimp tare da tsohon tsarin pre-Hispanic na tapos, musamman daga Yuli, tare da ruwan sama. Haka kuma, masunta suna sauka zuwa bugun jini har sau takwas don tattara kawa cikin jin daɗi, wato, wanda ke ƙasan tekun.
Noma ma yana da mahimmanci; misali, ana nome ire-iren kankana guda biyu, "calsui" da "baƙar fata", a cikin zagayowar kwanaki 90, a lokacin sanyi da damina, idan iska ba ta da gishiri sosai.
Baya ga kankana, noman koren citta, dawa, kwakwa, ayaba, gwanda, tumatir, lemo, kara, koko, gyada, soursop, taba da mangwaro yana da yawa.
Ci gaban al'ummomin yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa masunta na cikin gida sun kwato yankin tafkin daga kamun kifin, inda jatan goro ke da yawa, waɗanda a al'adance suna cikin ikon masunta na Mexico.
A farkon karnin da ya gabata, adadi mai yawa na bayin Afirka sun isa wannan yankin bakin teku na arewacin Nayarit, a zaman wani bangare na cinikin bayi da ake aiwatarwa ta jiragen ruwan China, da ke zuwa daga Philippines. A yankin an ce da yawa daga cikin waɗannan baƙar fata sun iso nan bayan ɗayan waɗannan jiragen ruwan sun nitse kuma waɗanda suka tsira sun zo yin iyo zuwa gabar ruwan San Cayetano, Puerta Palapares da El Novillero. A yau, idan mutum yayi tafiya zuwa wannan gabar, tasirin Afro-Brazil tsakanin mazaunan sa yana da cikakken fahimta.
A matsayin gaskiyar abin sani, akwai waɗanda ke ba da tabbacin cewa a nan ne mafi kyawun rawa a ƙasar; a Rancho Nuevo mun sami damar ganin wasu daga cikinsu suna rawa a cikin dare, zuwa kidan wakokin da makada ke gabatarwa a rabin haske, a cikin dakunan gidaje masu tawali'u amma kyawawa
IDAN KAje HACIENDAS
Don zuwa wannan yanki na Las Haciendas dole ne ku ɗauki babbar hanyar tarayya ba. 15 wanda ke tafiya daga Tepic zuwa Acaponeta, inda zaku bi babbar hanyar jihar ba. 3 zuwa Tecuala sannan ci gaba zuwa El Novillero. Da zarar ka zo, daga arewa sai ka isa San Cayetano, daga kudu kuma zuwa Palmar de Cuautla, Puerta Palapares, Santa Cruz, San Andrés, Rancho Nuevo da Pesquería.
Source: Ba a san Mexico ba No. 275 / Janairu 2000
