Fray Diego de Landa, ɗan mishan ɗan Franciscan kuma mai ba da labari a ƙarni na 16 a Yucatán, mai himma don aikinsa na bishara, ya zagaya wurare daban-daban a tsibirin da aka san cewa akwai kango na tsoffin mazauna.
Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen ya kai shi sanannen babban birni na Chichén Itzá, wanda aka kiyaye manyan gine-ginen, shaidun da suka gabata na manyan abubuwan da suka gabata cewa bisa ga labaran dattawa sun ƙare bayan yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin Itzáes da Cocom. A ƙarshen rikicin, an yi watsi da Chichén Itzá kuma mazaunanta sun yi ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen daji na Petén.
Yayin zaman sa cikin kango, jagororin asalin yankin Fray Diego sun dauke shi zuwa sanannen cenote, wata rijiya ta halitta wacce rufin rufin da ya rufe wani kogin karkashin kasa ya samar dashi, wanda ke baiwa maza damar cin gajiyar ruwan domin abincin su.
Wannan babban ramin yana da halaye na alfarma ga tsoffin Mayans, saboda shine hanyar sadarwa da Chaac, allahntaka na ruwa da kyau, mai kula da ruwan sama wanda ya shayar da filayen kuma ya fifita ci gaban ciyayi, musamman masara da sauran shuke-shuke. suka ciyar da maza.
Diego de Landa, mai son bincike, ta hanyar sifofin dattawan da suka yi karatu a zamanin kafin cin nasara, ya sami labarin cewa Cenote mai alfarma ɗayan manyan wurare ne a cikin al'adun da ake yi a tsohuwar babban birni. . Tabbas, ta hanyar masu ba shi labarai ya koyi tatsuniyar da ke gudana daga baki zuwa baki kuma ta bayyana kyawawan dukiyoyi, wadanda suka hada da zinare da kayan kwalliyar jaka, gami da hadayar dabbobi da maza, musamman 'yan mata budurwa.
Ofaya daga cikin tatsuniyar ta ba da labarin wasu ma'aurata matasa da suka ɓoye ƙaunatattun su a cikin daji, a kan hana iyayen budurwar su sadu da wani mutum, saboda tun yarinta sahun ta ya kasance alama ce ta allah: wata rana, Lokacin da ta tsufa, za a miƙa ta ga Chaac, ta jefar da ita daga bagadin alfarma da ke gefen cenote, tana ba da ranta domin a sami ruwan sama koyaushe a filayen Chichén Itzá.
A haka aka iso ranar babban bikin sannan samarin masoya suka yi ban kwana da damuwa, kuma a wannan lokacin ne matashin saurayin ya yiwa masoyinsa alƙawarin cewa ba zai mutu ba ta hanyar nutsuwa. Masu jerin gwanon sun yi hanyar bagadi, kuma bayan wucewar addu'o'in sihiri da yabo ga allahn ruwan sama, koli ya iso inda suka jefar da kayan adon mai daraja kuma tare da ita yarinyar, wacce ta yi kuka mai ban tsoro yayin da ta faɗo cikin babu komai a ciki kuma jikinsa yana nitsewa cikin ruwa.
Saurayin, yayin, ya sauka zuwa wani matakin kusa da saman ruwan, ya ɓoye daga idanun taron, yana jefa kansa don cika alƙawarin da ya yi. Babu ƙarancin waɗanda suka lura da lalata kuma suka gargaɗi sauran; fushin ya kasance gama gari kuma yayin da suka shirya kame wadanda suka gudu, suka gudu.
Allahn ruwan sama ya hukunta dukan garin; Shekaru da dama na fari da yawa sun lalata Chichén, tare da shiga cikin yunwa tare da manyan cututtukan da suka lalata tsoratarwar baƙi, waɗanda ke ɗora alhakin muggan matsalolin duk masifun da suka fuskanta.
Shekaru aru-aru, waɗancan tatsuniyoyin suna nuna ɓoyayyen birni game da garin da aka watsar, wanda ciyayi ke rufe shi, kuma ba zai zama ba har zuwa farkon karni na 20 lokacin da aka amince da Edward Thompson, ta amfani da ƙimarsa ta diflomasiyya a matsayin karamin jakadan Amurka. , sun sami dukiyar da ke tattare da kango na wani maigidan Yucatecan wanda ya yi la'akari da wurin da bai dace ba don shuka kuma saboda haka ya ba shi ƙima kaɗan.
Thompson, masanin tarihin da ya danganci kyawawan dukiyar da aka jefa a cikin ruwan cenote, ya sanya duk ƙoƙarinsa don tabbatar da gaskiyar labarin. Tsakanin 1904 da 1907, da farko tare da masu iyo a cikin ruwa mai laka sannan daga baya yayi amfani da rami mai sauƙin gaske, ya fitar da ɗaruruwan abubuwa masu daraja na abubuwa da yawa daga ƙasan rijiyar mai alfarma, daga cikinsu akwai kyawawan abubuwa masu kyau da ƙyalli. Jade, da fayafai, faranti da ƙararrawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin zinare, ko dai ta hanyar dabarun bugun jini ko kuma sarrafa su a cikin kayan aiki tare da ɓarnar kakin zuma
Abin baƙin cikin shine an fitar da wannan kayan daga ƙasarmu kuma, a mafi yawancin, ana kiyaye shi a yau a cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na Peabody a Amurka. Ganin yadda Mexico ta dage kan dawowar su sama da shekaru arba'in da suka gabata, wannan ma'aikata ta fara dawo da gwal da yawa na zinariya da tagulla 92, galibi, inda aka nufa shi ne Mayan Room na National Museum of Anthropology, kuma a 1976 an ba da abubuwa 246 zuwa Mexico , galibi kayan adon jaka, kayan katako da sauransu waɗanda aka baje kolinsu, don alfarmar Yucatecans, a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Yankin Mérida.
A rabi na biyu na karni na 20 akwai sabbin balaguron bincike zuwa Cenote mai alfarma, yanzu haka kwararrun masana ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi da kwararrun masanan, wadanda suka yi amfani da injunan hako zamani. Sakamakon aikinsa, zane-zanen ban mamaki sun fito fili, suna haskaka hoton jaguar na mafi kyawun salo na farkon Postclassic Maya, wanda ke aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto. Wasu abubuwan jan ƙarfe waɗanda a zamaninsu suka yi kama da zinariya mai haske, da kayan adon jade, da ma wasu abubuwa da aka yi amfani da su a cikin roba, na tsananin ƙoshin lafiya, waɗanda aka adana a cikin wannan yanayin ruwa.
Masana ilimin halayyar dan adam sun jira kasusuwa na mutane don yin shaidar gaskiyar sassan, amma akwai kawai kasusuwan kasusuwa na yara da kashin dabbobi, musamman dangi, wani binciken da ya rusa labarin soyayyar yan mata da aka yanka.
