Gaskiya ne cewa dangantaka tsakanin mutane tana faruwa ne ta hanyar abubuwa, kamar yadda zamu iya gani tare da abubuwan archaeological da aka gano a Paquimé yayin aikin hawan da Dr. Charles Di Peso
Waɗannan abubuwan suna ba mu damar ba mu cikakkiyar fahimtar yadda mutane suke da yadda suke rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun. Ofididdigar al'adun ƙasa sun nuna mazaje sun zauna a ƙauyuka kusa da yankunan kogin yankin. Sun sanya kyawawan tufafi waɗanda aka yi da zaren da aka samo daga agera waɗanda suke girma a gangaren tsaunuka. Sun zana fuskokinsu da siffofi na geometric tare da maɗaura da tsaye, bisa idanuwa da a kan kumatu, kamar yadda ake iya gani a cikin tasoshin anthropomorphic na kyawawan polychrome Casas Grandes yumbu.
Sun yanke gashin kansu a gaba kuma sun bar shi dogon zuwa baya. Sun rataye daga kunnuwansu, hannayensu da wuyansu, 'yan kunne (cones kamar kararrawa) da aka yi da abubuwa na bakin teku da / ko jan ƙarfe.
Musayar kasuwancin waɗannan kayan ya fara ne tun zamanin da, tabbas tun kafin a fara amfanin gona na farko a yankin. Daga baya, kasuwancin waɗannan labaran ya haɓaka sosai, waɗanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da duk imaninsu kuma sun dogara da albarkatun da yanayin ke samar musu. A cikin yankin, mafi kusancin zamanin Hispanic na ma'adinan tagulla da na turquoise, na waɗanda masu binciken ilimin kimiyya suka bincika, suna cikin yankin Kogin Gila, wanda ke makwabtaka da yawan garin Silver City, a kudancin New Mexico, wato, fiye da 600 mil arewa.
Akwai wasu sauran abubuwan ajiyar tagulla, irin su wanda ke yankin Samalayuca dune, kilomita 300 daga gabas. Masana da yawa sunyi ƙoƙari su haɗa ma'adinan Zacatecas da al'adun arewa; duk da haka, a lokacin da Paquimé ke da daɗaɗawa, Chalchihuites ya kasance kawai kayan tarihi.
Kimanin kilomita 500 zuwa yamma, ta hanyar tsaunuka, akwai bankunan kwasfa mafi kusa da Paquimé, kuma nesa da nesa ga waɗancan ƙungiyoyin da ke cinikin jan ƙarfe don bawo da kuma fuka-fukan fuka-fuka na macaw a yankunan arewa. Abin mamaki ne cewa Chichimecas na Paquimé sun fi son harsashi maimakon duwatsu na gida don ƙera kayan adonsu. Wani kayan mai matukar daraja shine turquoise, wanda aka shigo dashi daga ma'adinan Cerrillos a yankin Gila River.
Ayyukan bincike da bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje zai ba da damar gano ainihin wuraren jan ƙarfe da turquoise a cikin yankin Babban Chichimeca da Mesoamerica, kuma a lokacin lokuta daban-daban na aiki, tunda a yau har yanzu ana zaton cewa Turquoise da aka samo a cikin shafukan da suka dace da zamanin Toltec da Aztec, kuma waɗanda wasu ƙungiyoyi suke amfani da su kamar Tarascans, Mixtecs da Zapotecs, sun fito ne daga yankuna masu nisa na New Mexico.
A game da Paquimé muna magana ne game da lokacin Tsakiya, wanda aka tsara tsakanin shekarun 1060 da 1475 na zamaninmu, wanda yayi daidai da lokacin Toltecs na Quetzalcóatl da Mayans na Chichén Itzá, da kuma asalin al'adun Tezcatlipoca.
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún yayi tsokaci akan cewa Toltec sune mutanen Mesoamerican farko da suka yunƙura zuwa yankunan arewacin neman searchan Turquoise. A karkashin jagorancin Tlacatéotl, an gabatar da chalchíhuitl, ko turquoise mai kyau, da tuxíhuitl, ko turquoise gama gari, zuwa kasuwa.
Chichimecas na Paquimé ya yi amfani da wannan dutse don ƙera wasu kayan ado, kamar ƙyalle don abin wuya da 'yan kunne. A tsawon shekaru dari biyu da Chichimecas, Anasazi, Hohokam da Mogollón na kudancin Amurka sun ƙaru sosai da amfani da kayayyakin wannan kyakkyawan dutse. Wasu masana ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, kamar Dr. Di Peso, suna goyon bayan ra'ayin cewa Toltecs ne ke kula da ma'adinai da kasuwa a New Mexico - wanda ya haɗa da yankin Mayan, manyan tsaunuka da yamma - tare da arewacin Mexico.
Abubuwan mafi mahimmanci na kayan tarihi na zamanin pre-Hispanic sune faranti ko ƙa'idodi waɗanda aka zana tare da mosaics na turquoise. Wannan maganin yana nuna darajar kayan tarihin da aka yi da wannan abu da kuma asalinsa na ƙasar waje.
Hanyoyin kasuwancin sun gudana daga arewa zuwa kudu a duk faɗin ƙasar, koyaushe tare da yamma da tsakiyar tsaunuka, hanyoyi waɗanda daga baya Mutanen Espanya za su yi amfani da su don cinye ƙasashen Chichimeca.
Ga Phil Weigand, sakamakon ci gaban hakar ma'adinai kafin zamanin Hispaniya shi ne bayyanar da hanyoyin kasuwanci, tunda irin wannan ci gaban na bukatar ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa mai rarrabawa. Wannan shi ne yadda haɓakar wannan samfurin ta samo asali ne ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin zamantakewar al'umma masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke ba da tabbacin amfani da su a fannoni daban-daban kuma a lokuta daban-daban, haɓaka hanyoyin fa'idodi ga manyan cibiyoyin samarwa, har ma fiye da haka, don. Cibiyoyin mabukata na Mesoamerican.
Source: Wuraren Tarihi A'a. 9 Jaruman Yankunan Arewa / Fabrairu 2003
