David Alfaro Siqueiros, wanda aka haifa a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1896, a Santa Rosalía, a yau Camargo, Chihuahua, ya waye ne ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin da suka tsara karni.
A cikin zazzabi na samartakarsa, ya shiga yajin aiki a makarantar San Carlos Academy a 1911. Wannan motsi ba wai kawai ya haifar da wani gagarumin sauyi ba ne game da aikace-aikacen ilimi na fasaha a kasar, amma kuma ya mayar da shi Sojan Soja. Masanin tsarin mulki a Yamma, a karkashin umarnin Janar Manuel M. Diéguez. Tare da mukamin kaftin na biyu, da kuma karin girma ga Venustiano Carranza zuwa shugabancin Jamhuriyar, an tura shi zuwa Turai a matsayin hadimin soja a ofisoshin jakadancin Spain, Italiya da Faransa, a shekarar 1919. Ya yi amfani da wannan lokacin don saduwa da mu'amala tare da manyan turawan Turai da masu yin su, da kuma nazarin fasahar Renaissance, wacce ya sani ta hannun malamin sa Gerardo Murillo, Doctor Atl, a Makarantar Fasaha ta Kasa.
A cikin Paris, Siqueiros ya sadu da Diego Rivera tare da shi wanda ya yi musayar numfashin Juyin Juya Halin Mexico kuma ya kulla abota wanda zai daɗe a rayuwarsa. Ya koma Mexico a 1922 - bisa gayyatar José Vasconcelos, sannan Sakataren Ilimi na Jama'a - don shiga cikin masu zane-zanen da suka yi hotunan bango na farko a Makarantar Shirye-shiryen Kasa ta San Ildefonso. Don yin bangonsa na farko ya zaɓi kuɓin matakalar da ke farfajiyar "ƙaramar makaranta". A ƙarshen wa'adinsa, Manuel Puig Cassaurang ya sauke Vasconcelos daga mukaminsa wanda ya matsa wa masu zane-zane da su yi watsi da ƙwarin gwiwar gurguzu. Rashin yin haka, an kori Siqueiros da José Clemente Orozco daga bangonsu wanda Siqueiros ba zai taɓa dawowa ba.
Aikin yadawa da fafutukar tunanin kwaminisanci ta hanyar jaridar "El Machete". wanda ya kasance daga mai ba da labari ga ofungiyar Union of Painters, Sculptors da Engravers don aiki a matsayin babban ɓangaren yaɗa Commungiyar Kwaminisancin Mexico. Sun jagoranci Siqueiros don yin kamfen mai ƙarfi don ginawa da tsara ƙungiyoyi, ya zama Sakatare-Janar na'ungiyar theungiyar Ma'aikata na Jalisco.
A cikin 1930, an tsare Siqueiros a kurkuku saboda shiga cikin zanga-zangar ranar 1 ga Mayu, kuma daga baya an tsare garin Taxco da ke Guerrero. A can ya sadu da William Spratting wanda ya goyi bayan shi don ci gaba da zane. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Siqueiros ya yi tattaki zuwa Los Angeles, Kalifoniya, don gudanar da nune-nune daban-daban, da koyar da darussan muralism a Chouinard School of Art, wanda Millard Sheets ta gayyata. Ya kafa ƙungiyar da ya kira American Block of Painters kuma ya koyar da zane-zane ta zane shi. Ya yi Taron Mural a kan Titi, wanda aka share jim kaɗan don sanya mutane masu launi a cikin batun, ƙari ga tsara fasalin zance na siyasa. Ungiyar tasa ta girma kuma an ba shi izinin sabon zane a Plaza Art Center. Wannan murfin shima ya haifar da da damuwa kuma an ba da umarnin share shi da farko sashi sannan kuma gaba ɗaya. Yayin zaman sa a Kalifoniya, tuni aka amince da Siqueiros a matsayin mai salon mutum.
Siqueiros ya ci gaba da aikinsa koyaushe saboda ɓacin ransa, tare da halayensa a matsayin abin da ke haifar da rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice da hukumomi. Ya kasance a kusan 1940 lokacin da-abubuwan nishaɗin farko na Meziko don tarawa suka tashi- wanda ya saita hanya don ba da tallafi irin na fasaha a ƙasarmu. Sabbin masoyan zane-zane suna da wata ma'ana da ke da alaƙa da kishin ƙasa kuma suna daga cikin keɓaɓɓun businessan kasuwar kasuwancin Meziko waɗanda suka sami ƙimomin da ba a san su ba a cikin tsarin juyin-juya hali. Ofayan waɗannan shine sha'awar kyawawan halaye na ruhaniya wanda baya neman sayan fasaha wani ƙayyadadden lokaci na saka hannun jari, amma ya tattara zaɓaɓɓu na alaƙa da motsin zuciyarmu waɗanda ke fassara zuwa taska don rabawa tare da wasu. Licio Lagos Terán misali ne a cikin abin da ke tattare da haɗin kai, inda wasiyya ga ƙasa da ƙasa gaba ɗaya suke tare da irin wannan sha'awar, samfurin ɗan kasuwa mai kishin ƙasa wanda ba ya watsi da aikin hankali na mutanensa da na masu fasaha daga rikice-rikice ya haifar da hargitsi.
Mai zane-zane ya yi tafiya hannu da hannu tare da majiɓinci har zuwa yau, ya gaji sana'ar tarawa don 'yan baya, ɗan adam ya sami kyawawan dalilai don shiga fasaha, a tsakanin wasu ibada da ƙwarewa waɗanda ke aiki a ciki a matsayin imani zuwa ga abin da ba zai yiwu ba, tunda fasaha ta zama cunkoson mutane kuma a cikin bambancinsa ya haɗu da na ruhaniya da lalata, tsarkakakku da karkatattun abubuwa, na wucin gadi da na halitta. Amma don sanin abin da ke motsa mutum ya sami aiki, yana da mahimmanci a sake nazarin aikinsu.
Ta hanyar wajibi dole ne mu tambayi kanmu, menene zai faru da fasahar Mexico da marubutanta, ba tare da Licio Lagos ba, ba tare da Alvaro Carrillo Gil, ba tare da Marte R. Gómez ba, wanda, tare da wasu, suka yi kasada da albarkatunsu kawai saboda dogaro da abin da ba a sani ba. Me zai kasance game da masu zane-zane, ba sau da yawa nauyin nauyi da buƙatu ke ɗora musu nauyi? Masu tarawa na farkon rabin karni sun nuna goyon baya ga kishin kasa inda abota da mai fasahar ke cikin hadari, maimakon ribar tattalin arziki; yau da kullun haɗawa da zaren jiɓin hankali waɗanda ke haɗa aikin ƙirƙirar tare da tattara abin da aka halitta. Licio Lagos Terán ta zo daidai wata rana da yamma a cikin 1952 a Gidan Sarautar Misrachi tare da zanen Caminantes, wanda David Alfaro Siqueiros ya zana a waccan shekarar. Ba tare da wata shakka ba, cikin kauna da batun, inda adadi biyu masu ruɗuwa suke tafiya ba tare da wata manufa ba, aikin yana nuna daidaito tsakanin Legas da Siqueiros. Dukansu sun bar lardunan gidansu kuma sun fuskanci ƙaddarar da ba ta da tabbas-kamar ta kowane matafiyi-, zanen ya bayyana wasan kwaikwayo tsakanin asali da ƙaura, yana sake bayyana marmarin ɗan hijirar, wanda lokacin barin saɓo, ya fara mamaki.
An haifi Licio Lagos Terán a Cosamaloapan Veracruz a cikin 1902, Siqueiros, a Chihuahua, dukansu sun rayu ne lokacin haihuwar Jamhuriya. Na farko an wayar da kan shi ta hanyar kame tashar jiragen ruwa ta Veracruz da Arewacin Amurka suka yi a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1914, yayin da na biyun ya kasance rashi tsakanin Juarista da kakansa Antonio Alfaro, "Edges Bakwai" wanda ya yi yaƙi a cikin sojoji na Juárez kan mamaye ƙasashen waje. Dukansu sun nufi babban birnin kasar don ci gaba da horar da su na sana'a: Licio Lagos a Faculty of Law, Siqueiros a National School of Fine Arts.
Yayin da Licio Lagos ke horo a matsayin lauya, Siqueiros ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin din sauyi. A cikin 1925, Licio ya sami taken sa na sana'a kuma Siqueiros ya yi rijista a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto. A cikin 1929, Mista Lagos ya kafa kamfaninsa na ba da shawara kan harkokin shari'a ga kamfanoni, shekaru bayan haka ya zama Shugaban kungiyar Hadin kan Masana'antu. Siqueiros ya kasance a ƙarshen aikinsa na haɗin gwiwa. Duk da bambance-bambancen da babu shakka sun samu, Licio Lagos da David Alfaro Siqueiros sun kulla ƙawancen abokantaka. Mai cancanta da cuddly, mai iya magana da hankali, tabon da ke fasalta Caminantes ya bayyana wani yanayi mai sanyaya rai: ci gaba da ƙaura zuwa lardin zuwa biranen. Siqueiros koyaushe yana tunanin buƙatar bayyana alamun magana a cikin karatuttukan da ya haɓaka don zane-zane, babu shakka cewa wannan zanen ya faɗa masa abubuwa da yawa game da abin da yake nema.
Licio Lagos ta samo zane na biyu da na uku daga Siqueiros da kansa, su ne Volcán (1955) da Bahía de Acapulco, (Puerto Marqués 1957). Dukansu an saka su a cikin lokacin da Legas ta dage kan samo mafi kyawun tarin shimfidar shimfidar wuraren Meziko da aka sani zuwa yau. Ana tunanin cewa aiki na gaba shine Sonrisa Jarocha, wanda mai zane ya zana shi sosai, a cikin ƙoƙari don kamawa a cikin aiki guda ɗaya mai ban sha'awa da jin daɗin jinin Veracruz, musamman saboda lura da aka yi a cikin abubuwan da ya rubuta Sun kira ni Coronelazo ( 1977), inda yake bayanin tasirin da samartakarsa ta kasance a tashar jirgin ruwa da kuma zama tare da "kyawawan matan Jarocha".
A cikin 1959, Siqueiros ya nuna juyayi game da yajin aikin da ma'aikatan layin dogo na Mexico suka fara kuma aka daure shi saboda laifin wargaza zamantakewar al'umma, a cikin Fadar Baƙin Lecumberri, tsakanin 1960 da 1964. Lokacin da aka saka shi a kurkuku, matsalolin tattalin arziki sun isa ga dangin da kuma kungiyar mataimakan masu zane-zane. Ba tare da jinkiri ba ya tafi wurin abokansa; daya daga cikinsu shi ne Licio Lagos, wanda ya mika masa hannu ta hanyar samo wasu zane-zane na asali guda hudu. Daga cikin wadannan, El beso (1960), wanda uwa ke gabatar da sha'awar rayuwa ga danta. Tambayar da aka yi sau ɗari ita ce ta yaya irin wannan godiya za ta bunƙasa tsakanin mai ra'ayin gurguzu kamar Siqueiros da lauya mai aiki kamar Licio Lagos; ana samun amsar a cikin zanen Raba kayan wasan yara da aka yi amfani da su wa yaran talakawa na Mezquital (1961), ainihin samfurin falsafancin rukunan fasaha wanda ke da alaƙa da ɗan adam. Wannan aikin ya bayyana taron mutane marasa nutsuwa, masu tsananin sha'awa, a gaban wasu 'yan mata da ke sanye da kayan fursuna waɗanda a ƙafafunsu suna riƙe da babbar aljihun tebur da kayan wasa da aka yi amfani da su. Tsakanin munafunci da tausayin karya, Siqueiros ya misalta tare da bugun kirji da karamin kulob na masu hannu da shuni ta hanyar ba da abin da ya rage ga talakawa, wani abu da Licio Lagos ya amince da shi tare da mai zane, a fahimtar cewa buƙatar ba ta dole ne ya ci gajiyarta ta hanyar rashin sani, ko kuma lamiri da aka ɓoye kamar kyauta. Licio Lagos ta sanya zanen tare da maɗaukakiyar masu sake kirkirar kyawawan abubuwa cikin salama ta gidansa, wanda ke bayyana bangon da ke haɗe da dacewar mai ginin sa.
Lithographs uku sun cika tarin. Na farko shi ne ɓangaren bangon Muerte al Invasor, wanda Siqueiros ya zana a Chillán, Chile, inda shugabannin Galvarino da Francisco Bilbao suka haɗu a cikin kukan tawaye ga mamaye mulkin da mamayar suban ƙasa wanda Siqueiros ya nuna girmamawarsa ta Legas a cikin sadaukarwa: “Ga lauya Licio Lagos, tare da sabunta amincin marubucin. A jajibirin sabuwar shekara ta 1957. " Moreayan kuma shine Mutum yana ɗaure da itacen da karatun ya fito wanda daga baya zaiyi aiki don Poliforum.
Fiye da shekaru ɗari bayan Siqueiros da Licio Lagos, kwanciyar hankali da wasu halittu biyu suka rabe tazararsu da babban dalili ba zai taɓa ba mu mamaki ba: soyayya ga zane-zane, son ɗaukakar mahimmancin mutum.
