Shin kun san cewa jihar Yucatán tana da ƙarancin kyawawan ɗakunan rubutu, ban da waɗanda ba a gano su ba har yanzu a cikin dajin budurwa?
Sanin cewa da yawa, wurare masu ban mamaki za a bar su a cikin jerin ƙuntatattun masu zuwa zuwa kawai 11, wannan shine zaɓin mu tare da mafi kyawun ƙa'idodi a Yucatan.
Mafi kyawun kalmomi a Yucatán:
1. Cenote Xlacah
Tana cikin Yankin Archaeological na Dzibichaltún, kilomita 24 arewa da Mérida. Yana da mahimmanci don amfani da yawon shakatawa mafi kusa da babban birnin jihar Yucatan.
"Xlacah" na nufin "tsohon gari" a cikin yaren Mayan. Wannan sunan yana nufin mazaunin ɗan adam wanda yake kusa da wannan asalin ruwan kuma ya samo asali ne tun daga lokacin zamanin tsakiyar Dzibichaltún.
Yana da cenote mai buɗewa, tare da ruwa mai haske da zurfin da ya kai mita 44 a gefen arewa maso gabas, inda aka buɗe ɗakin buɗe hoto wanda ba'a san fadinsa ba.
Girmansa kusan mita 200 tsakanin gabas da yamma da mita 100 daga arewa zuwa kudu.
Ana amfani da babban shimfidar shimfidar shimfidar kewayenta a matsayin dandamali na halitta don ruwa kuma kewaye shi kyakkyawan yanayi ne na al'ada don lura da furanni da fauna na yankin.
A cikin Yankin Archaeological na Dzibichaltún, mafi mahimmancin gini shine Haikalin 'Yan Tsana Bakwai, wanda aka sanya wa suna don ƙananan hotunan yumɓu bakwai waɗanda aka samo yayin haƙawa a cikin 1950.
2. Cenote Zací
Daga cikin bayanan da ke Yucatán, wannan ɗayan ɗayan “birane” ne, tun da yana can ƙasa da ƙarancin mita 700 daga tsakiyar Garin Sihiri na Valladolid, kasancewar mutanen Valladolid sun fi so su huce a ranaku masu zafi.
Har ila yau, ya zama dole a dakatar da yawon buɗe ido waɗanda za su more lamuran mulkin mallaka na La Sultana de Oriente.
Zací yanki ne na Mayan wanda yayi amfani da cenote a matsayin tushen ruwa. Matsayin ruwa yana da mita da yawa daga farfajiya, saboda haka dole ne ku sauka zuwa kandami ta hanyar matakalar da aka yi da dutsen ƙasa.
A kan hanya zaka iya ganin stalactites da sauran tsarin dutsen.
Kusan rabinsa zuwa madubin ruwa akwai leji wanda wasu masanan ke yin tsalle.
A cikin sanyi da zurfin ruwa na cenote yana rayuwa da baƙin kifi wanda ke iyo tare da baƙi waɗanda suka yi zurfin zurfafawa.
Karanta ingantacciyar jagorarmu zuwa garin sihiri na Izamal, Yucatán
3. Cenotes Cuzamá: Chansinic’Ché, Bolon-Chohol da Chelentún
Cuzamá babban birni ne na garin Yucatecan mai ƙarancin mazauna 4000, yana da nisan kilomita 45 arewa maso yamma na Mérida.
Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na Cuzamá akwai cenotes, majami'arta daga zamanin viceregal da wasu wuraren tarihi na Mayan da yawa a cikin tsohuwar yankin Xcuchbalam.
Babban abin jan hankali na gari shine alamun Chelentún, Chansinic’Ché da Bolon-Chohol, waɗanda ke cikin haneenen hacienda na Chunkanán, kilomita 4 daga garin.
Samun waɗannan kyawawan kyawawan abubuwan shine kyakkyawa mai ban sha'awa ta cikin kurmi, kamar yadda yake tuno da rayuwar Yucatecan tare da henequen ko sisal, zaren halitta wanda ya baiwa Yucatan ci gaban tattalin arziki har zuwa karni na 20, kafin ƙirƙirar zaren roba.
Irin wannan layin dogo da kamfanonin sisale ke amfani da shi don jigilar kayaki a cikin motocin da dawakai da alfadarai suka zana, mazauna suna amfani da su don ɗaukar masu yawon buɗe ido zuwa wuraren adanawa, tare da dabbobi a matsayin hanyar jan hankali.
Wadannan hanyoyin safarar ana kiran su "manyan motoci" daga mazauna karkara kuma babu wani wuri a duniya da zaka je wurin nuna almara a irin wannan hanyar da ta dace.
4. Cenote Lol yana da
Kilomita 72 daga kudu maso yamma na garin mulkin mallaka da Yucatecan Magic Town na Valladolid shine garin Yaxunah, wanda manyan abubuwan jan hankali shine wurin binciken kayan tarihi da kuma kayan tarihin sa.
Lol Ha cenote wani rukuni ne na ruwa mai ɗaci, an buɗe shi zuwa sama, tare da madubi wanda ke da metersan mituna daga farfajiyar, don haka dole ne ku sauka zuwa gare shi ta hanyar matattakalar tsaurara matakai.
Tushen sha'awa da lianas suna sauka a gefen ciki na cenote, suna ba wurin wuri mafi yanayi da yanayi.
A cikin gandun daji na wannan cenote tare da kyawawan ruwan shuɗi zaka iya jin daɗin motsin tsuntsaye da sautukan dabbobi iri-iri waɗanda suke yin fauna, kamar iguanas, squirrel da raccoons.
Bayyananniyar cenote zata baka damar gani zuwa ƙasa tsawon mitoci da yawa kuma ruwan ya kai zurfin zurfin tsakanin 8 da 16 mita. Har ila yau yana da dandalin kallo.
"Yaxunah" kalma ce ta Mayan wacce ke nufin "gidan turquoise" kuma wurin da aka samo kayan tarihin yana da kyau sosai tsakanin zamanin Middle Class da Postclassic. Daga cikin tsarin rukunin yanar gizon, Arewacin Acropolis da Gidan Majalisar Yaƙin sun bayyana.
5. Cenote San Ignacio
Wannan kyakkyawar hanyar buɗe ido ta kyawawan sihiri tana da nisan 41 kilomita kudu maso yamma na Mérida, akan hanyar zuwa Campeche.
Tana da ruwan shuɗi mai launin shuɗi kuma tana da ƙananan ɓangare wanda ya faɗi daga 0.4 zuwa mita 1.4 da kuma wani ɓangare mai zurfi da ya kai mita 7, yana mai da shi ɗakunan ruwa na halitta mai zurfin zurfin, manufa don fantsama da iyo.
Abubuwan da ba a buɗe su zuwa sama suna da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da suke gabatarwa da tasirin yanayin zafin jiki wanda ya saba da yanayin yanayin ƙasa.
A lokacin zafi, lokacin da yanayin zafin jiki ya kusanci 40 ° C, a cikin San Ignacio cenote akwai 26 ° C, abin al'ajabi a more a lokacin rani.
Wani kamfani ne ke kula da wurin wanda ke kiyaye shi cikin cikakkiyar yanayi, yana cajin kuɗin 80 MXN ga kowane mutum don samun damar zuwa kayan tarihin. Hakanan yana da gidan abinci kuma yana ba da fakitin "duka-duka" na rana ɗaya.
Kusa da sandar San Ignacio akwai wurin adana kayan tarihi na Oxkintok da kogon Calcehtok.
6. Cenote Ik-Kil
Yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun sanannun sanannun labarai a Yucatán, tunda tana da nisan kilomita 3 daga Chichén Itzá, a cikin Yucatecan na garin Tinúm, kuma da yawa yawon shakatawa zuwa ga sanannen shafin archaeological ya hada da tasha a cikin wannan kyakkyawan ruwa.
Madubin ya fi nisan mita 20 daga farfajiyar kuma dole ne ka sauka kan matakalar da aka sassaka a cikin dutsen don isa ga dandalin da ke ba da damar isa ga ruwa.
Cenote ce ta buɗe-iska tare da fasali zagaye, tare da diamita na mita 60 da zurfin 40.
Wurin yana da kyau sosai, tare da kananan magudanan ruwa da lianas da inabi wadanda suka tashi daga matakin kasa zuwa matakin ruwa.
Enididdigar sun kasance masu tsarki ga Mayans kuma an yi amfani da Ik-Kil a matsayin tushen ruwa, wurin shakatawa da wurin yin ibada, gami da sadaukarwar mutum da aka keɓe wa Chaac, allahn ruwan sama.
Ya gudanar da gasa na nutsar da duniya kuma a cikin yankin akwai ɗakuna da gidan abinci.
7. Cenote Sambulá
Cenote ce ta rufe, tare da samun dama ta hanyar matakalar dutse, wanda ke cikin ƙaramin garin Pebá, kilomita 43 daga Mérida.
Cooungiyar haɗin gwiwar mazauna yankin tana tsabtace yankin da kuma kula da shi, suna biyan kuɗin 10 MXN ga kowane mutum.
Cenote ne mai girma ga mutanen da suke tsoron zurfin zurfin, tunda kasan shine kawai ƙafa 1.6 ne a lokacin rani da kuma mita 2 a lokacin damina.
Yana da sabo, shuɗi da ruwa mai kyau, kyakkyawa don shan ruwa kuma a cikin kewayen zaka iya sha'awar jikin dutsen na sifofi na musamman.
A kan dandamalin da ke ba da damar zuwa ruwa akwai kujerun zama don baƙi su bar abubuwan su a cikin gani.
Karanta ingantaccen jagoranmu akan garin sihiri na Valladolid, Yucatán
8. Cenote Na Yah
Wannan cenote yana cikin garin lumana na Pixyá, shugaban garin Yucatecan na Tecoh, kilomita 53 kudu da Mérida.
Yana da kusan tsayin mita 40 da mita 30 faɗi kuma ƙasa da ruwan shuɗa akwai ramuka waɗanda za'a iya bincika ta hanyar ruwa. Tabbas, dole ne a kiyaye abubuwan da suka wajaba.
A kewayen shakatawa da kyawawan ɗakunan ruwa akwai yankuna na zango kuma ga gobara, haka kuma ga palapas.
A cikin garin Pixyá, yana da kyau a ziyarci haikalin La Candelaria da Virgen de la Asunción, da kuma Chapel na Holy Cross, duk daga ƙarni na 18.
27 kilomita kudu da Pixyá shine wurin binciken kayan tarihi na Mayapán, garin Mayan da aka gina a cikin hoton Chichén Itzá.
Lokacin da Itzáes na Chichén suka gudu daga garinsu zuwa Petén, Mayapán ya zo ya mallaki arewacin Yucatán, wanda suka yi mulki har shekaru 70 kafin zuwan Sifen.
9. Cenote Noh-Mozón
Cenote ne na sararin samaniya amma tare da dutsen da ke kusa da dutsen wanda wani bangare ke aiki a matsayin rufin. Tana kusa da babbar hanyar Tecoh - Telchaquillo, a cikin garin Tecoh, bayan sun ɗauki wata babbar hanyar ƙura.
Dole ne ku je palapa wanda ke gaban cenote, inda suke siyar da ƙofar kuma suna ba da rigar kariya.
Ruwan mai tsabta, sabo ne da mai ƙyalƙyali sun isa ta tsani tsani. Yana da ƙananan dandamali a tsayi daban-daban don yin aikin ruwa.
Cenote ne mai fadi, mai zurfin gaske, wanda ba a yawan samun shi ta hanyar wahalar shiga kuma yana da kyau ga ruwa.
Blackananan baƙin kifi suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa kuma nau'ikan tsuntsaye iri-iri suna yawo a yankin, gami da haɗiyewa da tsuntsaye masu launin shuɗi mai haske.
10. Cenote X’Batun
Wurin bude baki ne wanda yake kusa da tsohuwar gonar koko a San Antonio Mulix. Lokacin da kuka isa hacienda, dole ne ku bi hanyar da ba ta wuce kilomita 2 kawai ba don isa ga ruwan.
San Antonio Mulix ƙauyen Yucatecan ne wanda yake kan hanyar zuwa Uxmal, kilomita 50 kudu da Mérida.
Daga cikin bayanan da ke Yucatán, X'Batun ya yi fice don nuna gaskiyar ruwanta. Yana da kogwanni don ruwa kuma yana kewaye da da ciyayi masu kauri wanda ya kammala yanayi mai kyau.
Kari akan haka, akwai hanyoyin yawo, palapas da yankuna don zango da wuta.
11. Cenotes Gwangwado da Ruwan Fure
Dukansu sunaye ne da aka rufe kuma suna cikin Agua Dulce Ranch, wanda ke kusa da garin Yalcobá, kilomita 24 daga Magical Town na Valladolid.
Palomitas cenote yana da sauƙin sauƙi, yayin ƙofar Agua Dulce ya fi kunkuntar kuma mafi daraja.
Na farko yana da diamita na mita 50 da zurfin 45. Ruwan turquoise mai shuɗi sabo ne kuma mai tsabta kuma zaka iya iyo da kayak. A cikin kogon akwai stalactites waɗanda suka ƙawata wurin da sifofinsu na sha'awa.
Wadannan almara suna burgewa da shirunsu kuma suna da kyau don ciyar da hutu tare da kamfanin shakatawa na ruwa.
Rancho Agua Dulce yana da gidan abinci wanda aka yaba wa abincinsa saboda kyawawan abubuwansa. Hakanan suna ba da balaguro ta cikin busassun kogwanni da hayar kekuna masu hawa dutsen don bin hanyoyin da ke zuwa cenote.
Yaya yawan adadin takaddun akwai a Yucatan?
Cenotes kyawawan kyawawan ruwa ne waɗanda aka samar da su ta ƙarƙashin ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ruwan sama wanda ke lalata dutsen dutsen farar ƙasa.
Tsarukan tsari ne masu matukar wahala a duniya kuma Mexico itace ƙasar da Allah ya albarkace ta da ɗabi'a tare da waɗannan ingantattun tsarin.
Akwai nau'ikan guda uku: buɗe, buɗe-buɗe kuma rufe. A na farko, madubin ruwan yana waje kuma sune mafi sauƙin shiga.
A cikin ɗakunan buɗe ido, jikin ruwa yana cikin cikin kogo kuma ana isa ta ƙofar ramin.
Rufaffiyar cenote suna cikin kogwanni ba tare da sadarwa ta al'ada tare da waje ba kuma damar zuwa ga kanduk galibi ana ratsawa ta cikin kogwanni, tare da matakalar da ake yi daga rufin.
A cikin zane-zane na buɗe-buɗe da rufewa galibi akwai kyawawan tsarin dutse, kamar su stalactites da stalagmites. Bayan lokaci, rufin na iya faɗuwa, juya zuwa cikin wani cenote a buɗe.
Yankin Yankin Yucatan yana da ɗimbin yawa na ƙididdiga, kimantawa cewa a cikin jihar Yucatan kawai akwai sama da 7000. Daga cikin yawancin cenote, yana da wuya a nuna waɗanne ne suka fi ban mamaki, amma za mu ɗauki haɗari tare da wannan jerin.
Shin kuna da kwarewar da ba za a iya yin irin ta wanka ba a ɗayan ɗayan waɗannan tafkunan na shakatawa mai daɗin shakatawa wanda aka kirkira a cikin shekaru dubu da aikin haƙuri mai raɗaɗi na ruwa? Muna fatan zaku iya yin sa a cikin Yucatán da sannu.
Raba wannan labarin tare da abokanka, don haka suma su san wanene mafi kyawu a Yucatan.
