Tare da cakuda zurfin addini, aiki tare da launuka iri-iri, daya daga cikin mutanen Otomi wanda yake da al'adar mafi dadewa yana gudanar da bukukuwa na ranar 25 ga watan Yuli, wanda makwabta ke halarta daga ko'ina a gefen kudancin Querétaro.
Tare da cakuda zurfin addini, aiki tare da launuka iri-iri, ɗayan biranen Otomí tare da mafi tsayayyar al'ada suna gudanar da bikin maulidinsu a ranar 25 ga watan Yuli, wanda maƙwabta ke halarta daga ko'ina a ƙarshen kudancin Querétaro.
Hazo ya daidaita sosai akan koren kwari da jerin tsaunuka na karamar hukumar Amealco yayin da muke zigzagged da babbar hanyar. –Na ina Don ke tafiya? Direban yakan tambaya duk lokacin da ya tsaya lodin fasinjoji. Zan tafi Santiago. - hau da sauri, zamu tafi.
Motar motar jigilar kaya za ta ɗebo mutane ta jefa mu yayin da muke ƙetare wuraren kiwon, kodayake yawancinmu za mu je idin Manzo Santiago. Da wuri ne, sanyi ya ratsa sosai kuma a cikin Plaza de Santiago Mexquititlán ƙungiyar raye raye da raye raye sun zo daga makwabta Michoacán suna wasa da kwazo koda kuwa waɗanda ke wurin sune waɗanda ke kula da share babban ɗakin cocin.
Iyakar Michoacán da Jihar Meziko, Santiago Mexquititl ƙabilar Otomí ce da ke da mazauna 16,000 waɗanda ke kudu da jihar Querétaro. Mazaunansa suna rayuwa cikin rarrabuwa a cikin unguwanni shida da suka hada yankin, wanda asalinsa shine Barrio Centro, inda cocin da makabarta suke.
Akwai nau'i biyu game da tushe. A cewar masanin kimiyar halittar dan Adam Lydia van der Fliert, an kafa wannan yarjejeniya ta pre-Hispanic ne a shekarar 1520 kuma mallakar lardin Xilotepec ne; Wani fasalin ya gaya mana cewa mutanen asalin daga asalin Mezquital, Hidalgo ne suka kirkiro wannan al'umma, wanda zai iya dacewa da ma'anarta a cikin yaren Nahuatl, wanda ke nufin wuri tsakanin mesquite.
WATA MAJALISAR MULKI
Na tafi kai tsaye cikin haikalin, inda duhu ya bambanta da bagadai masu launuka iri daban-daban, wanda ban da zanen ruwan hoda, rawaya da ja, an gabatar da adadi na furanni da kyandirori waɗanda ba a ƙarewa ba waɗanda aka yi wa ado da takarda mai launin china. Yawancin hotunan addini masu yawa sun liƙa a gefen hanya da kuma kan babban bagadin da Santiago Apóstol ya jagoranta. Ana iya yanke yanayin da wuka, yayin da hayaƙin turaren wuta da aka ƙara a cikin salla ya rufe duk abin da ke kewaye.
Maza da mata sun zo kuma sun tafi daga ƙofar gefen, suna aiki share, shirya bagade, da kuma kunna kowane abu don bikin. Bugu da ari a ciki, duhu kuma kusan ɓoye, an kula da bagadin da ɗaruruwan kyandirori suka haskaka; Bagadin magajin gari ne, wanda a wancan lokacin ya ƙare faɗakarwar neman alfarma cikin yaren Otomí –ñöñhö, hñäñho ko ñhäñhä– daga Budurwar Guadalupe. Tsugune a wani lungu ina ƙoƙarin ganin kaina ba a gan shi, Na ji daɗin wurin inda shugabannin makarantar suka tsara kowane abu game da bikin kuma suka ba da aiki ga masu jigilar kaya, waɗanda za su ba da oda a lokacin miƙa wa tsarkaka. Da kadan kadan sai cocin ya fara cika da mabiya kuma ba zato ba tsammani wasu gungun masu rawa da rawa suka katse shirun da ake yi na addu'ar suna mika girmamawa ga manzon.
Wannan rana ta kasance baje koli a garin. Yankunan abincin da aka soya da wasannin motsa jiki sun kasance abin farin ciki ga yara, amma kayan girki na masaku, tukwane, kayan kwalliya, tukwane, juguna, fitilun da ke jikin fasalin hasumiyar coci da sauran sana'o'in hannu wadanda suka kayatar da idanuna ta lokaci mai kyau.
A lokacin da aka kammala bikin, wasu gungun mata sanye da kyakykyawan salon Amealco Otomi sun fara rawa hade da ganga da goge yayin da suka kyale siket masu launuka iri-iri da zaren hulunan da suka sanya rigunansu don samar da madaidaiciyar kyan gani wanda ya tashi sama ta iska. Nan da nan jerin gwanon masu unguwanni daga duk unguwannin suka fito daga cikin cikin haikalin dauke da dukkan hotunan, gami da na Mista Santiago. Bayan sun kewaye babban dandalin, an dawo da hotunan zuwa haikalin don gudanar da taro ga waliyin, wanda ake gudanarwa tsakanin waƙoƙi, addu'o'i da yawan turare.
DUK CIKIN FARI
A lokaci guda, an sake yin wani biki a cikin atrium. Fiye da yara ɗari daga al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka da Santiago kanta, duk a cikin fararen kaya, suna yin tarayya ta farko. Lokacin da aka kammala duka bikin, shugabannin gari da masu unguwanni masu aiki sun haɗu don canza matsayin magajin gari da na masu ba da izini, waɗanda za su ɗauki alhakin tsarawa da ɓatar da kuɗaɗen bukukuwa masu zuwa na waliyin. Lokacin da tattaunawar ta zo karshe mai kyau kuma aka amince da nadin, shugabannin da baƙi sun halarci cin abincin inda ɓarnatarwar da ta faru ta watse kuma suna jin daɗin ɗanɗano da kaza, jan shinkafa, burro ko ayocote wake, sabo. yi da kyau mai kyau na pulque.
A halin yanzu, hargitsin jam'iyyar ya ci gaba a cikin atrium yayin da aka shirya abubuwan tartsatsin wuta don kwana. Santiago Apóstol, a cikin duhun cikin haikalinsa, ya ci gaba da miƙawa ga masu aminci, waɗanda suka ɗora furanni da burodi akan bagadin.
Sanyin ya dawo da rana, kuma tare da rana sai hazo ya sake faɗowa kan ƙauyukan da ke warwatse ko'ina cikin maƙwabta. Na shiga cikin motar safarar jama'a sai wata mata ta zauna kusa da ni, ɗauke da ɗan burodi mai albarka wanda ya taɓa hoton manzon. Zai dauke shi zuwa gida don warkar da cututtukansa na ruhaniya har zuwa shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da zai koma yin sujada, sake, Tsarkakakken Ubangijinsa Santiago.
BABBAN IYALI
A cikin al'ummomin Otomí na Amealco an haɗa ɗakunan bautar gidan ko a nutse a cikin gidajen, yawancinsu an gina su a ƙarni na 18 da 19. A ciki zamu iya ganin adon adon addini da yawa tare da bayanan pre-Hispanic wanda syncretism ya bayyana, kamar yadda yake a batun gidan ibada na Blas. Zai yiwu ku ziyarce su kawai tare da izinin shugabannin iyalai ko kuma sha'awar kwafin aminci wanda aka nuna a cikin ofakin mutanen Indiya na Gidan Tarihi na Yanki na birnin Querétaro.
Source: Ba a san Mexico ba No. 329 / Yuli 2004
