Zamanin da ake ciki yanzu ya kasance yana da amfani da hoto wanda ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba; Tare da ci gaban fasaha, kafofin watsa labarai sun ci gaba ba kamar da ba.
Wani muhimmin al'amari na sadarwa, gabaɗaya, da kuma na gani, musamman, shine babban nauyin zamantakewar, wanda ke nuna cewa masu aiko saƙonni dole ne su ƙirƙira ingantattun hotuna. Poster kamar yadda muka san shi yanzu samfurin tsari ne wanda aka saka a cikin canjin al'adu.
A cikin Meziko a farkon ƙarni, rikice-rikicen zamantakewa, siyasa da soja waɗanda ke nuna rayuwar ƙasar ba ta kasance cikas ga wasu masana'antu ba, kamar nishaɗi, don haɓaka, a cikin mawuyacin halin tattalin arziki, hanyoyi daban-daban na haɓaka don yawan jama'a masu son karkatar da hankali.
Mu tuna cewa a Meziko akwai wata al'ada mai hoto tun ƙarni na 19 da aka ƙirƙira a ƙarƙashin gani da ƙwarewar Manuel Manilla, Gabriel Vicente Gaona "Picheta" da José Guadalupe Posada, a tsakanin sauran mawallafa, waɗanda suka taɓa hankalin mutane waɗanda ke cikin ƙarancin wayewa kuma mafi yawan wadanda basu iya karatu da rubutu ba, amma ba don wannan dalilin ba ya da sha'awar abubuwan da suka shafi kasar ba. A cikin birane da biranen da suka ci gaba ta hanyar zane-zane - kuma daga baya lithography ya wadatar da rubutu, ga waɗanda za su iya karantawa - cewa jama'a na iya koyo game da abubuwan tarihi da na yau da kullun. A wata hanya, mutane sun saba da rayuwa tare da hotuna, hujja akan wannan shi ne cin kwafi na addini da kuma son almara ta siyasa ko dandano don ɗaukar hoto; akwai shaidu cewa pulquerías yana da bango a ciki da na waje don jawo hankalin manyan abokan harka.
Tun daga farkonta, sinima mara sauti ta haifar da buƙatar jan hankalin jama'a tare da diba da taurarin sabon wasan kwaikwayon. Amfani da tallace-tallace tare da hotuna masu motsi ko na wayoyin hannu, marubucin, mai zana zane ko mai zanen, mai yin alama da mai buga takardu sun haɓaka tallan talla a matsayin sabuwar sana'a don ƙirƙirar samfuran gani, har zuwa yanzu ba a san su ba, waɗanda tasirin su kai tsaye ya fi zuwa daga Amurka; daga wannan lokacin, hoton talla wanda ya danganci yanayin ya bayyana.
A gefe guda kuma, a cikin wani yanayi na tasirin tasirin bayan juyin-juya-hali, kasar ta sake shirya kanta a kan sabbin tushe; masu zane-zanen filastik sun binciko asalin asalin gargajiya don wata fuskar ta ƙasa, wanda ya haifar da harshe na gani da ake kira Makarantar Meziko. Wadannan masu zane-zane sun sake kirkirar jigogi na tarihi, na zamantakewa ko na yau da kullun kuma wasu sunyi aiki kan jigogin siyasa, kamar membobin Taller de Gráfica Mashahuri na 1930s waɗanda suka samar da fosta da kowane irin furofaganda don ƙungiyoyi na ma'aikata da na manoma. Tun daga asalin ta, Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Jama'a ta ciyar da kirkirar sabbin masu zane-zane (Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, David A. Siqueiros, Rufino Tamayo…) don aiwatar da yakin neman ilimi da tallatawa a bangon gine-ginen jama'a; Gabriel Fernández Ledezma da Francisco Díaz de León sun halarci waɗannan batutuwan ilimi daga wallafe-wallafe da zane-zane masu haɓaka zane mai zane.
Poster a zane-zane da talla
Bayan isowa, 'yan wasan Sifen da ke gudun hijirar sun nuna alamar su yayin yin fastoci da tsarin rubutu; José Renau da Miguel Prieto sun ba da gudummawar wasu hanyoyin magance su da fasahohin zane-zane na Meziko.
Tun daga tsakiyar 1940s, fastoci suna ɗaya daga cikin albarkatu don inganta abubuwa daban-daban don yawancin magoya bayan gwagwarmaya, kokawa, dambe ko rawa, yayin da har yanzu suka fahimci cewa masana'antar rediyo mai tasowa ya kasance mafi tasiri wajen yada waɗannan ayyukan. Koyaya, an kirkiro wani nau'in hoto ta hanyar kalanda ko katunan da aka samo cikin sauƙin waɗanda ke ciyar da kwatancen na tsakiya da sanannun azuzuwan, gabaɗaya tare da hangen nesan ci gaban wanda yake da manufa mai kyau kuma mai gaskiya zuwa ma'anar tunani. Koyaya, kodayake masu zane-zane da masu zane-zanen talla sun yi ƙoƙari don samun kyakkyawar wakilci na haɗuwa da wuri, a cikin wannan nau'in samar da authorsan marubuta kaɗan, gami da Jesús Helguera, sun sami damar wucewa.
Tallace-tallace ta manyan-fannoni don yakin dambe da fadace-fadace sun zama halal ne ta hanyar amfani da nau'in rubutu tare da manyan haruffa, masu nauyi, wadanda aka buga akan mai rahusa, cikakkun takardu, tawada biyu da aka haɗa ta hanyar lalacewa. Daga baya, an manna su da manna a kan bangon tituna don yaɗuwa mai faɗi wanda ya fifita halartar waɗannan wasannin.
Hakanan al'adun gargajiya ko na addini sun yi amfani da wannan hoton don sanar da al'amuran ga al'umma, kuma kodayake al'ada ce ta shiga kowace shekara, an ƙirƙira su don tunatarwa da shaida. Waɗannan nau'ikan fastocin an kuma sanya su don yin sanarwar raye-raye, wasan kwaikwayo ko sauraren kiɗa.
Abinda ya gabata yana misalta irin shigar da sakonnin gani a bangarori daban-daban na al'umma, walau na kasuwanci, ilimi ko kuma manufar wayar da kai.
Daidai, tilas ne ya cika aikin sadarwa kuma a yau ya sami bayanan kansa; A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata an gudanar da shi tare da inganci mafi kyau da kirkire-kirkire, wanda ya haɗa da amfani da hoto, mafi yawan arziki a cikin rubutu da launi, da kuma yin amfani da wasu dabarun buga abubuwa kamar ƙaddara da daukar hoto.
A cikin shekaru sittin, duniya ta haskaka hoton Polan, fasahar zane-zane ta Arewacin Amurka, da kuma hoton Cuban na juyin juya hali, a tsakanin sauran abubuwan; Wadannan al'adun al'adu sun yi tasiri ga sababbin ƙarni na ƙwararru da ƙwararrun masu sauraro, musamman tsakanin ɓangarorin matasa. Wannan lamarin ma ya faru a nan ƙasarmu kuma masu zane-zane (Vicente Rojo da ƙungiyar Imprenta Madero) na babban matsayi sun bayyana. Poster ɗin "al'adu" ya buɗe rata kuma ya sami karbuwa sosai, har ma farfagandar siyasa ta sami kyakkyawan matakin inganci. Hakanan, gwargwadon yadda ƙungiyoyin farar hula masu zaman kansu suka taka rawa a sauran gwagwarmaya don iƙirarinsu, sun yi tunanin nasu fastocin, ko dai tare da taimakon ƙwararrun masu ba da haɗin kai ko bayyana ra'ayoyinsu tare da albarkatun da suke da su.
Ana iya faɗin cewa fosta a cikin kansa sanannen matsakaici ne saboda tsinkayensa kuma cewa ta hanyar samun sadarwa mai yawa zai zama ya zama mai sauƙi ga jama'a, amma dole ne mu san yadda ake bambanta sabon ra'ayi tare da bayyanannen saƙo, kai tsaye da kuma tabbatacce, daga hoton son zuciya da jin daɗi, koda kuwa an yi shi da kyau, wanda, nesa da bayar da gudummawa ga zane-zane, wani ɓangare ne na ɗimbin gani na al'ummomin zamani.
