A cikin manyan waƙoƙin wayewa, kamar addini, koyaushe ya kasance cikin ƙarshen lokacin rayuwa da mutuwa.
Game da Budurwar Guadalupe, yana yiwuwa a bi al'adar al'adarta a Tepeyac, ba wai kawai a cikin shaidun da rubuce-rubucen masu wa'azin Guadalupano suka bayar ba, har ma a cikin alamun hoto inda aka nuna kiɗa. Kodayake ba za a iya jin sautunan ɗaukaka da aka ɗauka a kan zane-zane na batun a halin yanzu ba, kasancewar su ya zama abin tunawa da mahimmancin da kiɗa ke da shi koyaushe a cikin manyan abubuwan da suka faru na ɗan adam.
Babu shakka, al'adar bayyanar Maryamu Maryamu a cikin kiranta na Guadalupe, a cikin New Spain, sun zama abin mahimmiyar taron ga yawanta har zuwa cewa Kyakkyawan Hoton ya zama alama ce ta ruhun ƙasa. Sakamakon haka, an kirkiro wani hoto na musamman, duka ta hanyar wakiltar Budurwa, da kuma tarihin bayyanarta, tunda akwai bukatar a sanar a sauran Amurka da Turai abin da ya faru a cikin Tepeyac Wadannan muhawara na zane-zane suna tallafawa asalin allahntaka da azanci na tambari, kamar yadda Uba Francisco Florencia ya yi lokacin da ya ba da hoton Budurwar Guadalupe ingancin alama ta ƙasa, tare da taken: Non fecit taliter omni nationi. ("Bai yi wa sauran al'umma irin wannan abin ba." An ɗauke shi kuma an samo shi daga Zabura: 147, 20). Tare da wannan bambancin, Florencia ta nuna keɓewar uwar Uwar Allah akan waɗanda ta zaɓa, amintaccen ɗan Mexico.
Ana gani ta hanyar tarin Gidan Tarihi na Basilica na Guadalupe, kasancewar kidan, a matsayin bambancin hoto a zanen taken taken Guadalupano, ya bayyana kansa a cikin siffofi daban-daban a lokaci guda. An sanar da shi, a gaba, tare da waƙar raɗaɗin waƙoƙin tsuntsaye waɗanda ke kewaye da adon Budurwa a matsayin firam, wani lokacin tare da ganyaye da furanni waɗanda ke wakiltar sadaukarwa waɗanda aka saba sanya su yau, kusa da hoton. A cikin rukuni guda akwai tsuntsaye a cikin abubuwan da aka kirkira wanda ke ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da bayyanar farko. Na biyu, akwai wakilcin Guadalupan tare da abubuwan kiɗa, sun kasance ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa ne na mala'iku ko gungun kayan kida, a wuraren da suka fito na biyu da na uku. A gefe guda, kiɗa wani ɓangare ne na abubuwan da aka tsara lokacin da Budurwa ta kasance mai karewa kuma mai roƙo don taimakon masu aminci na New Spain. Aƙarshe, ana kasancewa a cikin gumakan Gimbiya na Guadalupe a cikin lokutan ɗaukaka waɗanda ke murnar Zato da Sarauta.
A cikin wakilcin da ke nuni da Bayyanar Budurwa ta farko ga Juan Diego, tsuntsayen da ke shawagi a sararin samaniya suna wakiltar sautukan mai daɗi na coyoltototl ko tsuntsun tzinnizcan waɗanda, a cewar Nican Mopoha wanda aka danganta shi da Antonio Valeriano, mai gani ya ji lokacin da ya ga Guadalupana.
Hakanan ana danganta kiɗa da Budurwar Guadalupe lokacin da mala'iku ke raira waƙa da kayan kaɗa don girmama bayyanarta. An bayyana kasancewar wadannan halittun samaniya, a gefe guda, da Uba Francisco Florencia a cikin littafinsa, Estrella del Norte, a matsayin gaskiyar da ta zama kamar tausayin waɗanda ke kula da bautar gumakan saboda bayyanar za ta yi kyau qawata shi tare da mala'iku domin nisantaka. Saboda ita Uwar Kristi ce, suma suna raira waƙa a gaban Budurwa, suna taimaka mata da kare ta. A cikin gumakan Guadalupe a cikin bayyanuwar Budurwa, mala'ikun mawaƙa suna bayyana a cikin mawaƙa da haɗuwa da kade-kade kamar kayan lute, violin, guitar da sarewa.
An kafa hanyar wakiltar bayyanar da huɗu a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 17 kuma ya dogara ne da rubuce-rubucen masu wa'azin Guadalupano. A cikin zane-zane guda biyu, duka daga ƙarni na 18, wanda ya sake bayyana bayyanar ta biyu, za a iya nuna godiya ga abin da ya ƙunsa. Budurwar, a gefe ɗaya, tana kan hanyar Juan Diego wanda ke cikin wani wuri mai duwatsu, yayin da ƙungiyar mala'iku ke wasa a ɓangaren sama. Ofaya daga cikin zane-zanen da aka ambata a sama, aikin masanin Oaxacan Miguel Cabrera, ya haɗa da mala'iku biyu da ke tsaron Juan Diego, yayin da wasu biyu ke wasa a nesa. Wannan zane yana daga cikin jerin abubuwan da aka bayyana guda hudu, kuma an shigar dasu cikin wani tsarin zane na kayan bagade a cikin dakin Guadalupano na Gidan Tarihin Basilica na Guadalupe.
Lokacin da Budurwa ta yi aiki a madadin mutane, ta sa baki kan masifu na ɗabi'a, yin al'ajibai da kare su, kiɗa galibi ɓangare ne na labarin. Lissafi na zane-zane na ayyukan Guadalupana sun ba wa masu fasaha na karni na goma sha bakwai da goma sha takwas 'yanci don tsara al'amuransu, saboda waɗannan sune ainihin jigogi da al'amuran New Spain. A cikin tarin kayan tarihin gidan Basilica na Guadalupe akwai zane mai ban mamaki wanda ke da hoto mai kyan gani a lokacinsa: Canja Hoton Guadalupe zuwa garken farko da mu'ujiza ta farko, ya faɗi gaskiyar da aka tattara a cikin rubutun Fernando de Alva Ixtlixochitl mai taken Nican Motecpana.
Mawaƙa da mawaƙa a cikin ɓangaren tsakiya, a hannun dama, adadi shida ne; Mawaƙin gemu na farko tare da madaurin kwalliyar fure yana sanye da farin mayafi a matsayin ado kuma a kansa ana nuna launin launi iri ɗaya, yana riƙe da mecatl ko igiyar fure. Yana kunna Tlapanhuehuetl mai duhu mai duhu ko duriyar mayena a tsaye. Motsi na hannun hagunsa a bayyane yake bayyane. Mawaƙi na biyu saurayi ne mai kwalliyar fure da gangar jikinsa tsirara tare da fura mecatl; Tana da farin siket wanda a kansa akwai yadi na yadi tare da jan kan iyaka kamar yadda ake yin maxtlatl. A bayansa yana ɗauke da ɗan ƙaramin abu wanda halin wanda ya bayyana a wuri na huɗu ya taɓa shi. Na ukun shi ne wani matashin mawaƙi wanda ana iya ganin alamar audugarsa tare da mizani da aka makala a bayansa. Na huɗu shi ne wanda yake wasa ƙaramin abu kuma yana waƙa, shi balarabe ne kuma yana da kambi; Tana sanye da farin mayafi mai ruwan ɗorawa wanda aka ɗaura a gaba, abun wuya na furanni yana rataye a kirjinta. Na biyar na wannan rukuni ana ganinsa a fuskar wannan mawaƙin. Abubuwan fasalin ta, umarnin ta da furannin furanninta ana yabawa a hannun ta na hagu.
Aya ta farko da aka sani ana yin ta don girmamawa ga Budurwar Guadalupe ita ce abin da ake kira Pregón del Atabal, wanda aka fara rubutawa a cikin Nahuatl. Wai, an rairaye shi ne a ranar da aka sauya hoton daga babban cocin zuwa na Zumárraga, a ranar 26 ga Disamba, 1531 ko 1533. An ce marubucin Francisco Plácido Lord of Azcapotzalco ne kuma wannan shelar an raira ta ne zuwa sautin ƙaramin aiki a cikin aikin zane na zanen da aka ambata.
A cikin bautar Marian akwai wani nau'in kiɗa da ke haɗe da Budurwar Guadalupe: umptionaukar theaukar Budurwa da Sarautarta a matsayin Sarauniyar Sama. Kodayake bisharar ba ta yi maganar mutuwar Budurwa Maryamu ba, akwai labarin da ke kewaye da shi. Labarin zinare na Jacobo de la Voraigne daga karni na goma sha uku, ya ba da labarin gaskiyar asalin asalin apocryphal, wanda aka danganta shi ga John John Mai Bishara.
A cikin tarin theakin kayan tarihin Basilica na Guadalupe akwai zanen wannan maudu'in baƙon a cikin gumakan Guadalupe. Ta hanyar taimakon mala'iku, Maryamu ta tashi zuwa ga Allah Uba a sama, inda akwai wasu mala'iku guda biyu waɗanda suke busa ƙaho, alamun shahara, nasara da ɗaukaka. Manzannin goma sha biyu suna nan, cikin rukuni biyu na shida a kowane gefen kabarin da ba komai a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren abun da ke ciki. Anan, Budurwa ba kawai alama ce ba, amma a zahiri ita ce ginshiƙi da haɗuwa tsakanin sama da ƙasa.
Sabon zanen Sifen tare da taken Guadalupano tare da abubuwan zane-zane na kiɗa suna shiga cikin tsari iri ɗaya kamar addu'o'in Marian Turai. Dalilin haka kuwa shi ne, kiɗan yana magana ne game da ɗaukakar Budurwa Maryama kamar Sarauniyar Sama da duk wani abin da ya faru a rayuwarta, na Maɗaukaki da Murna, koyaushe ana raira shi cikin manyan farin ciki na mala'iku, kerubobi da kayan kida. A game da Budurwa Maryamu a cikin kiranta na Guadalupe, ban da abubuwan kiɗan da aka nuna, gumakan da ke nuna Bayyanar kamar yadda ya dace kuma ya dace da ƙasashen Amurka, wanda ke nuna abin da ya faru na allahntaka na hatimin ayate, wanda Wasu lokuta za a haɗa shi da kayan kida na al'ada na al'adun Mesoamerican waɗanda ke tuna haɗuwa da ɓatanci.
Source: Mexico a Lokaci Na 17 Maris-Afrilu 1997
