A yayin yawan binciken da muka yi ta hanyar kasa, teku da iska da muka gudanar a yankin daji na Baja California, mun ce dole ne mu hau zuwa kololuwar tudu.
Don haka, kololuwar farko da muka ci nasara ita ce kololuwar Sierra de la Laguna, a cikin yankin Los Cabos, kuma manufarmu ta gaba ita ce babbar dutsen Tres Vírgenes, a arewacin Baja California Sur. A La Paz mun yi dukkan shirye-shirye don balaguron, kuma bin babbar hanya mai lamba 1 wacce ta yi daidai da ta Tekun Kalifoniya mun isa tsohuwar tsohuwar garin hakar ma'adinai na Santa Rosalía, wanda ke gabar Tekun Fasha da kuma gindin babban dutsen mai fitad da wuta na 1,900. msnm, waliyyinka na har abada
A yayin yawan bincike ta kasa, ruwa da iska da muka gudanar a yankin daji na Baja California, mun ce dole ne mu hau zuwa kololuwar tudu. Don haka, kololuwar farko da muka ci nasara ita ce kololuwar Sierra de la Laguna, a cikin yankin Los Cabos, kuma manufarmu ta gaba ita ce babbar dutsen Tres Vírgenes, a arewacin Baja California Sur. A La Paz mun yi dukkan shirye-shirye don balaguron, kuma bin babbar hanya mai lamba 1 wacce ta yi daidai da ta Tekun Kalifoniya mun isa tsohon garin kyakkyawa mai ban mamaki na Santa Rosalía, wanda yake a gabar Tekun Fasha da kuma gindin babban dutsen mai fitad da wuta na 1,900. msnm, waliyyin ka na har abada.
Santa Rosalía, wanda aka fi sani da shi a cikin garin kamar "Cahanilla", tsohon gari ne mai hakar ma'adinai irin ta Faransa. Shekarun da suka gabata, wannan garin ya kasance mafi wadata a zirin teku, idan aka ba da wadatattun abubuwan jan ƙarfe da aka samo a tsaunukan da ke kewaye, inda ma'adinan yake a saman ƙasa da manyan ƙwallo da aka fi sani da "boleos". Kamfanin na Faransa mai suna El Boleo Mining Company, wanda ke da alaƙa da gidan Rothschild ne ya gudanar da aikin.
Faransawa sun gina kyawawan katako na katako, shagunansu da gidan burodi (wanda har yanzu yake aiki a yau), kuma sun kawo coci, na Santa Barbara, wanda marubucin Eiffel ya tsara. Pleaukaka da wadatar wannan garin sun ƙare a 1953, lokacin da kuɗin suka ƙare, amma Santa Rosalía har yanzu yana nan, a gefen Tekun Bermejo, a matsayin babban gidan kayan gargajiya na buɗe ido wanda ke adana ɗanɗano da iska irin ta Faransa ta titunan ta da gine-ginenta. .
KASHI NA SHIRKA NA BUDURWA UKU
Hadadden dutsen da ya kunshi Tres Vírgenes, Azufre da Viejo volcanoes, dukansu suna cikin yankin El Vizcaíno Desert Biosphere Reserve (hekta 261,757.6). Wannan yankin yana da mahimmancin muhalli da kuma yanayin kasa, tunda ya kasance mazaunin jinsin halittu masu barazana, babu kamarsu a duniya, kamar su cirio, da datilillo da kuma tumakin babba, kuma saboda yana da muhimmiyar hanyar samar da makamashin zafin rana wanda ake samarwa a cikin kayan ciki. daga ƙasa, zurfin mil dubbai. A halin yanzu, Hukumar Wutar Lantarki ta Tarayya na haɓaka wani shiri mai ban sha'awa don amfani da makamashin ƙasa a cikin dutsen Tres Vírgenes.
CIMARRÓN BORREGO
Wani aikin kuma mai ban sha'awa mai matukar mahimmanci na muhalli shine kariya da kiyaye garken tumaki, wanda ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar lura da yawan jama'a, lura da yadda suke haihuwa da kuma gudanar da kidaya daga sama; Amma mafi mahimmanci duka wannan shine taka tsantsan kan masu farauta.
Adadin garken tumaki na yanzu a cikin yankin an kiyasta kusan mutane 100.
A yayin ziyarar da muke yi zuwa dutsen mai aman wuta mun sami damar ganin garken garken tumaki da ke kan gangaren tsaunukan Azufre. A halin yanzu yankin rabar da shi ya dace da 30% na wannan sanannun tarihi saboda manyan abokan gaba biyu: mafarauta da canjin wurin zama.
GABA DA VOLCANO
A ci gaba da shirye-shiryenmu, mun je tashar nazarin halittu da ke ajiye don neman izini don hawan dutsen mai fitad da wuta, sannan, tare da duk kayan aikin da ke jan kafa, mun fara tafiya cikin hamada a ƙarƙashin rana mara ƙarfi. Don kare kanmu daga gare ta sai mu nade rawani a kawunanmu, salon Larabawa. Turawa sune mafi kyawun kariya daga rana, tunda suna yin danshi da gumi, kuma suna sanyaya da kare kai, saboda haka suna gujewa rashin ruwa a jiki.
Ba a cika ziyartar tsaunukan tsaunuka Uku ba, kawai yana jawo hankalin waɗanda suke masoyan buzaye da bincike, kamar masana kimiyya, mafarauta da masu yawo. Ganin Budurwai Uku daga tushe yana da ban mamaki, kamar dai daga wata duniya; gangarenta na wuta, wanda duwatsun baƙin duwatsun dutse suka kafa, ya sanya mana tunani game da wahalar hawan zai kasance da kuma game da irin rayuwar da zata iya rayuwa a irin wannan busasshiyar ƙasa mai karko.
Babu wani takamaiman labarin wanda ya fara hawa dutsen. A cikin 1870, a lokacin aikin hakar ma'adinai da kamfanin kasar Faransa ya yi, wani Bajamushe mai suna Heldt ya isa saman, kuma daga baya mutane da yawa sun hau ne kawai da nufin yin yawo, kamar limaman cocin cocin na Santa Bárbara, a Santa Rosalía, wanda ya sanya gicciyen a saman.
Sunan Budurwai Uku saboda gaskiyar cewa kololuwa uku sun kirkiro wani yanki mara kyau, mai ɗan bincike, mai nisa kuma kusan budurwa, inda millenti na yanayin ci gaba da aikinsa, wanda ya fara kimanin shekaru dubu 250 da suka gabata.
Eruarfin ƙarfi na ƙarshe, wanda ya jefa lawa da duwatsu, Fathers Consag da Rodríguez ne suka ruwaito shi a cikin Mayu-Yuni 1746; a 1857 dutsen mai fitad da wuta ya saki tururi mai yawa.
A matakin farko na balaguronmu, za mu ratsa raƙuman daji na farin reshe, ɓarna, manyan bishiyoyi, chollas, cardones da giwayen giwa masu ban sha'awa waɗanda tushensu karkatattu suna bin manyan duwatsu masu aman wuta. An rufe ciyayi sosai a wurin, babu hanyoyi ko alamun hanya, kuma dole ne ku ci gaba a cikin zig-zag tsakanin chollas, wanda a ɗan taɓa taɓa rataye da tufafinmu, kuma ƙayatattun ƙayatuttukan da suke kaifi kamar na harboon da aka saka a hannunmu da kafafu; wasu ƙaya sun sami nasarar kutsawa cikin takalmin kuma sun zama matsala.
Hanya mafi sauƙaƙe tana tsakanin tsaunin tsaunuka Uku da tsaunin dutsen Azufre. Yayin da muke ci gaba, za mu shiga kyakkyawar duniyar “bishiyoyi marasa tsari”, kamar yadda firist ɗin nan na Jesuit Miguel del Barco ya bayyana (marubucin littafin Tarihi na Tarihi da Tarihi na Antigua California), wanda ya yi mamakin siffofin fure na fure na hamada, wanda ya hada da biznagas, katuwar cacti, bishiyar giwa, yuccas, kyandir, da sauransu.
Abu mafi kyawu kuma mai ban sha'awa game da wannan yanki yana cikin yanayin shimfidar wuri mai ɗumi, inda tsaunuka ya bambanta sosai, farawa daga matakin teku zuwa kusan 2,000 m a taron kolin Budurwai Uku; Wannan keɓaɓɓen kewayon altitudinal ɗin ya bamu damar lura da nau'ikan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke zaune a dutsen mai fitad da wuta. Bayan mun tsallaka yankin gogewa sai muka gano gandun daji masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa.
QAWAYE
Kandir ɗin na ɗaya daga cikin shuke-shuke da baƙon abu a duniya. Babban misali ne na daidaitawa da rayuwa ga yanayin; Yana girma a cikin yankuna mafiya tsananin hamada, inda zafin jiki ya bambanta daga 0ºC zuwa 40ºC, tare da ƙarancin ruwa ko ƙarancin ruwan sama.
Girmanta a hankali yake; a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi suna girma 3.7 cm a kowace shekara, suna ɗaukar su shekaru 27 don isa mita ɗaya a tsayi. A cikin yanayi mara kyau sosai suna buƙatar shekaru 40 don haɓaka mita ɗaya, cm 2.6 a kowace shekara. Manyan kyandir mafi tsayi da dadewa waɗanda aka samo sun kai mita 18 a tsayi kuma kimanin shekaru 360.
ZUWA GAGARUMIN LAHIRA
Matsayi mai karko da kuma karko na yanayin wutar dutse bai daina ba mu mamaki ba. Bayan mun tsallaka gandun daji na kyandirori, mun hau kan wani tsauni, tsakanin Budurwai Uku da Sulfur, inda filin ya zama babban tsawa mai duhu, wanda wasu cacti, magueys da yuccas ke rataye da hanyar ta wata hanyar. Madalla. Hawan hawanmu ya yi jinkiri ta hanyar ƙasa mara kyau.
Bayan wasu awanni da yin tsalle daga dutse zuwa dutse sai muka haura zuwa ƙarshen yankin mai duwatsu, inda muka sake fuskantar wata maƙasudin mawuyacin hali: wani gandun daji mai kauri na gajerun bishiyoyi da manyan dabino sotol (Nolina beldingii). A wannan bangare ciyawar ba ta da ƙaya, amma a rufe take kamar yadda ciyawar daji. A wasu sassan munyi tafiya akan gajerun bishiyoyi kuma a wasu kuma sun lullubemu baki daya, sun wulakanta mu kuma sun sanya mu juyawa a cikin mitoci na ƙarshe na hawan (kuma muna tunanin cewa akwai duwatsu ne kawai a nan). A ƙarshe, bayan tafiyar awa goma sha biyu da wuya sai muka isa taron da aka zana ta hanyar gicciye mai ɗauke da zubi wanda ke kwance a ƙarƙashin babban dabino sotol.
Mun rufe ƙarshen ranarmu ta hanyar yin tunani akan ɗayan kyawawan faɗuwar rana a duniya, daga 1 951 m daga ɗayan rufin yankin Baja California. Ya zama kamar dutsen mai fitad da wuta ya sake kunnawa, an zana yanayin da launin rawaya mai ɗumi, lemu mai launin ja. A nesa, haskoki na ƙarshe na rana sun haskaka babbar Maɗaukakiyar El Vizcaíno; a sararin samaniya kana iya ganin lagoons na San Ignacio da Ojo de Liebre a Guerrero Negro, tsoffin wuraren bautar gwal a cikin Tekun Mexico. A cikin ƙasashe masu zurfin filaye masu fadi da marasa iyaka sun faɗaɗa, gida na pronghorn, wanda kyawawan ƙwanƙolin Santa Clara suka karye shi. Kusa da dutsen mai aman wuta akwai ramuka masu zurfi da tsaunuka na Sierra de San Francisco da Santa Marta, duka tsaunuka suna haɗe a cikin rafinsu ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke cikin duniya: zane-zanen kogon ban mamaki.
Fitowar rana tayi kamar yadda tayi kyau. Ba tare da wata shakka ba, daga wannan lokacin zaku iya yin tunanin ɗayan kyawawan shimfidar wurare a duniya; Haskoki na farko da suka fara haskakawa a bakin gabar Sonora, masarautar Gulf ta Kalifoniya da dutsen Viejo da del Azufre, shaidu amintattu game da asalin ƙasarsu, yankin Baja California.
IDAN KA JE VOLCANO NA BUDURWA UKU
Highauki babbar hanya babu. 1, wanda ya ratsa yankin Baja California, don isa Santa Rosalía. A can za ku sami sabis na gidan mai, ƙaramin otal da gidajen abinci.
Daga Santa Rosalía dole ne ku ci gaba akan hanya ɗaya kuma ku ɗauki ɓataccen abin da zai kai ku ga Tres Vírgenes ranchería.
A cikin Bonfil ejido kuna iya samun jagora don hawan dutsen mai tsafta (nemi Mr. Ramón Arce), amma dole ne a nemi bayanai da izini daga tashar nazarin halittu na El Vizcaíno Reserve a Guerrero Negro ko ziyarci ƙaramin tashar nazarin halittu na Borrego Cimarrón, kusa da ranchería de las Tres Vírgenes.
Source: Ba a san Mexico ba No. 265 / Maris 1999
Mai daukar hoto na musamman a cikin wasannin motsa jiki. Ya yi aiki na MD sama da shekaru 10!
