Garin sihiri na Xilitla galibi sananne ne ga lambun Edward James Las Pozas Surrealist, wanda shine jan hankalinsa na 1. Amma ban da gonar, duka a cikin Xilitla da cikin ƙananan hukumomi da wurare akwai wasu shafuka masu ban sha'awa na ɗabi'a. , gine-gine da kuma kayan abinci, wanda zai sa tafiyarku zuwa wannan ɓangaren ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba.
1. Menene Xilitla kuma a ina yake?
Xilitla a cikin wata karamar hukuma da garin sihiri a cikin jihar San Luis Potosí wanda yake a yankin kudu maso yamma na wannan gundumar ta Mexico, a cikin yankin da ake kira Huasteca Potosina. Tana kan matsakaiciyar tsayin mita 600 sama da matakin teku kuma ita ce ƙaramar birni a cikin San Luis Potosí. Kujerun birni na Xilitla ya kasance 470 daga babban birnin Mexico, Mexico City. Nisa tsakanin garin San Luis Potosí, babban birnin jihar, da Xilitla kilomita 350 ne.
2. Yaya Xilitla yake?
Xilitla karamar hukuma ce ta Huasteca Potosina, tare da yanayin daminta, ciyayi mai cike da farin ciki, yankuna masu yalwa da ruwa, ruwa mai yawa, wanda ya faɗo daga sama kuma ya gudana cikin dubban rafuka, rafuka da ruwa, yana tarawa a cikin kududdufai masu daɗi. Yanki ne da ya canza kaɗan daga lokutan da suka gabata, tunda shigar masana'antar ya yi ƙasa ƙwarai. Plaananan filaye ne kuma kuma yana da tsaunuka masu tsayi, sama da mita 2,500 sama da matakin teku.
3. Daga ina sunan Xilitla ya fito?
"Xilitla" kalma ce ta pre-Columbian wacce, bisa ga sigar da aka fi yarda da ita, ta samo asali ne daga muryar Nahuatl "zilliy", ma'ana wani abu kamar "wurin kananan katantanwa" ko "wurin kananan katantanwa." Wataƙila, a zamanin pre-Hispanic, a cikin Tsaunukan Xilitla sun cika da katantanwar ƙasa fiye da yanzu. Sigogi na biyu sun nuna cewa kalmar "Xilitla" na nufin "wurin gogewa"
4. Yaushe aka kafa Xilitla?
Tarihin mulkin mallaka na Xilitla ya fara ne a kusan 1537, lokacin da ƙungiyar masu wa'azin bishara daga Order of San Agustín suka fara balaguron tudun ƙasar Sierra Madre Oriental suna ƙoƙari su sauya yan asalin ƙasar zuwa ga imanin Kirista. Fray Antonio de la Roa shine dan kasar Spain na farko da ya yada Bishara a yankin Xilitla na yanzu kuma abubuwan da suka faru na banmamaki ana danganta shi. An kammala gidan zuhudu na San Agustín de Xilitla a 1557, ana aiki a lokaci guda kamar haikalin, wurin keɓewa da kuma kagara don kariya daga kutsawar Chichimecas.
5. Waɗanne abubuwan jan hankali Xilitla ke da su?
Babban jan hankalin Xilitla shine Aljannar Surrealist Edward James Las Pozas, Kyakkyawan kadara mai kimanin murabba'in mita dubu 400 wanda ke da babban lambu da kuma gidan baje kolin sararin samaniya, wanda mai zane-zanen Burtaniya kuma mai kuɗi miliya miliyon Edward James ya gina ayyukansa da gine-ginensu. Baya ga lambun, Xilitla yana da sauran abubuwan jan hankali da na ɗabi'a waɗanda suka dace da tafiya da lura da yanayi.
Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da Lambun Surreal na Edward James latsa nan.
6. Wanene Edward James?
Ya kasance hamshakin mai fasaha ta hanyar haihuwa, bayan ya gaji dimbin dukiyar da mahaifinsa, William Dodge James ya tara, wanda ya kasance babban jigon jirgin kasa, sananne sosai a cikin manyan masarautar Burtaniya kuma aminin Sarki Edward VII, wanda ya girmama ta hanyar kiran Edward danta tilo. Edward James ya kasance majiɓinci kuma aboki na manyan masu fasaha lokacin da suke ƙuruciya, kamar Salvador Dalí, René Magritte da Pablo Picasso.
7. Shin James na sallama ne?
Hakanan haka ne. James ya karbi surrealism, yanayin fasahar kere-kere a lokacin samartakarsa, da farko a matsayin mawaki, yana rubuta baitukan da ya buga a wata mujalla da kansa yake daukar nauyinsa, sannan daga baya ya zama mai zane mai gani, bayan haduwa da kulla abota da manyan masu fasahar da suka ciyar da wannan makarantar. na fasaha. Edward James ya bayyana a cikin wasu hotuna da zane-zane waɗanda Salvador Dalí da René Magritte suka zana.
8. Kuma me yasa kayi Lambun Surrealist a Meziko?
Samun kansa a cikin Turai da Yakin Duniya na II ya lalata, tare da wadatar da za a kashe da ɗan abin da za a yi, Edward James ya zo Amurka, da farko ya rayu na ɗan lokaci a Amurka ta Amurka. Ya zo daga Turai tare da tunanin gina wata aljanna ta duniya inda za a zauna a ciki kuma ya fara neman yankin da yake fata. Kawarta, mai suna Bridget Bate Tichenor, wacce ta hadu da ita a Hollywood, ta ba ta shawarar ta nemi hanyarta ta Eden a Mexico.
9. Ta yaya Edward James ya fara son Xilitla?
Bayan ya isa Mexico, James ya sadu a Cuernavaca wani mai daukar hoto na asalin Yaqui mai suna Plutarco Gastélum. Wani ya yi tsokaci ga James cewa a wani wuri da ake kira Xilitla, a cikin Huasteca Potosina, orchids da sauran furanni sun girma cikin sauƙi mai ban mamaki. Edward James ya zagaya Huasteca tare da Plutarco Gastélum a matsayin jagora kuma ya yi farin ciki da Xilitla, ya sayi fili mai girman hekta 40 a tsakiyar shekarun 1940, inda ya fara gina gonarsa a cikin shekarun 1960.
10. Menene abubuwan jan hankali na lambun?
Lambun sarari ne na shuke-shuke, furanni, gandun daji, rafuka, hanyoyi da wuraren waha. A zahiri, yana ɗauke da sunan Las Pozas saboda yawan waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan ruwan da suke wurin. 36 manyan gine-ginen sa-kai da sassaka sun bazu a cikin dukiyar. Daga cikin wadannan akwai Tsarin hawa uku wanda zai iya zama biyar, Dakin kwanciya mai rufi a siffar kifi whale, Matakala zuwa sama, Gidan Don Eduardo, Cinema, Gidan peristyle, Aviary, Gidan rani da farfajiyar damisa.
11. Menene manyan halayen ayyukan fasaha?
Gine-ginen zane-zane sun haɗu da zane-zane da zane-zane. Suna da wurare marasa yawa kuma an katse su, suna ba da ra'ayi cewa sun kasance ayyukan da ba a kammala ba. Edward James ya yi amannar cewa hanya guda daya tak da za a iya yin aikin fasaha don adana ko inganta kimarta ta fasaha ita ce ta bar shi ba a karasa shi ba, ta yadda za a ci gaba da bunkasa cikin sarari da lokaci. Yawancinsu an jefa su cikin suminti tare da taimakon ma'aikata daga Xilitla. A tsarin gine-gine, ana yin wahayi zuwa gare su ta hanyar Mesopotamian, Masar da Gothic art.
12. Kasancewa irin wannan babban fili, yaya zaka kiyaye lambun a cikin yanayi mai kyau?
Kayan lambu a cikin Xilitla suna girma cikin sauri kuma ciyayi suna mamaye wuraren da aka kawata su da kuma ayyukan fasaha kansu. Bayan mutuwar Edward James a shekara ta 1984, Aljannar Surrealist ta bi ta matakin watsi da shi wanda ya haifar da lalacewar yankuna na asali da gine-gine. Abin farin cikin, a cikin 2007 an saye kadarar daga dangin Plutarco Gastélum, waɗanda suka gada, a cikin haɗin gwiwa na gwamnatin San Luis Potosí, kamfanin Cemex da sauran mahalarta. Gudanar da Lambun Surrealist ya zama nauyin tushe wanda ke tabbatar da kiyaye shi.
13. A ina zan tsaya a cikin Xilitla?
Daga cikin masaukin da baƙi zuwa Xilitla ke bayar da shawarar sosai shine El Hostal del Café (Niños Héroes, 116). Don daidaitawa tare da babban abin jan hankali na gari, lambun Surrealist, Hostal del Café yana da kyakkyawan lambu kuma yana ba da kyakkyawar kulawa daga masu shi. Sauran hanyoyin sune Hotel Guzmán (Calle Corregidora, 208), Hotel Aurora (Niños Héroes, 114) da Hotel Dolores (Matamoros, 211).
14. Shin akwai gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin Xilitla?
Gidan masaukin El Castillo shima wani gidan kayan gargajiya ne game da Edward James da kuma zaman sa a garin na Potosí, tare da baje kolin wasu hotuna da takaddun sirri na mai zane-zanen sallamar. Samfurin ya hada da wasu kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su wurin gina lambun. Gidan-gidan kayan gargajiya yana kusa da abin da ya kasance gidan Plutarco Gastélum a Xilitla.
15. Shin akwai wasu abubuwan jan hankali na musamman a garin?
Xilitla gari ne mai natsuwa na Huasteco wanda ke rayuwa yana tsarkake iska mai saukowa daga gandun daji da gonakin kofi na tsaunuka, kuma manyan abubuwan jan hankali suna haɗe da yanayin kewaye. Wani kayan al'adu na Xilitla shine gidan ibada da tsohon gidan zuhudu da 'yan Augustin suka gina a tsakiyar karni na 16, wanda shine farkon ginin addini da aka gina a halin yanzu na San Luis Potosí. Conungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun sami damar tsayayya da yaƙe-yaƙe 5 na yaƙe-yaƙe, a tsakiyar abin da aka lalata shi, aka lalata shi kuma aka watsar da shi, amma koyaushe yana samun hanyar tsira don zama yau babban shaidar tarihi na Xilitle.
16. Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na Xilitla, waɗanne ne suka fi ban mamaki?
Tun daga 2011, Xilitla ya kasance Townauyen sihiri na Meziko, galibi godiya ga Lambun Surrealist, wanda ya zama dole a gani a cikin gundumar. Koyaya, akwai wasu abubuwan jan hankali na halitta waɗanda ke bawa mai baƙo damar zagaye zaman da ba za'a taɓa mantawa dashi ba. Sótano de Huahuas rami ne mai zurfin kusan mita 500 wanda yake aljanna ce ga masu kallon tsuntsaye waɗanda suke shiga da fita daga kogon da ke tsaye. Masu sha'awar hawan tsaunuka sun dogara ne ga taron La Silleta kuma ga masu sha'awar kogon akwai kogon El Salitre.
17. Shin akwai wasu garuruwa da wurare kusa da Xilitla da suka cancanci ziyarta?
Hakanan haka ne. Misali, kusa da Xilitla, hawan dutse, shine garin Ahuacatlán de Jesús, gari mai zaman lafiya a kusan mita 1,200 sama da matakin teku, tare da ɗanɗano mai dadi. Sauran wuraren da ke kusa da birni, tare da abubuwan jan hankali don ziyarta, sune Aquismón, Ciudad Valles, Tamtoc, Tamasopo, Matlapa da Tancanhuitz.
18. Me zan iya gani a cikin Aquismon?
Xilitla yayi iyaka da Aquismon zuwa arewa. A cikin wannan karamar hukumar sanannen Sótano de las Golondrinas, wani kogon karst da aka gano kwanan nan a 1966, wanda masana suka ɗauka a matsayin mafi kyawun kogon tsaye a duniya. Yana da zurfin da ya fi mita 500 kuma wuri ne mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ga tsuntsaye, galibi masu saurin wucewa ba haɗiyewa ba. Wani babban abin jan hankalin Aquismón shine Tamul Waterfall, wanda tsayinsa yakai mita 105, shine mafi girma a cikin jihar San Luis Potosí.
19. Menene manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Ciudad Valles?
Wannan babban birni na karamar hukuma mai suna iri ɗaya yana da nisan kilomita 90 daga Xilitla. Ciudad Valles gari ne wanda ke da kyakkyawan tsarin sabis na yawon bude ido, saboda haka da yawa masu sha'awar sanin Huasteca Potosina suna can, suna yawo a kowace rana suna komawa tushe. Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali na yau da kullun, Cascadas de Micos ya yi fice, wasu matattarar ruwa da masu sha'awar wasanni masu yawa suke yawaitawa. Hakanan kusa sune maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi na Taninul.
20. Waɗanne abubuwa masu ban sha'awa ne suke a cikin Tamtoc?
Wani wurin kusa da Xilitla shine Tamtoc, wani wurin binciken kayan tarihi wanda ke gundumar Tamuín. Tamtoc yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin biranen Huasteca wayewa a San Luis Potosí. Daga cikin manyan gine-ginen shafin akwai El Tizate, Paso Bayo, wanda aka yi imanin cewa gini ne na addini; The Corcovado, madaidaiciyar tsarin mai yuwuwa ne don kasuwanci da taron jama'a; da Venus na Tamtoc, wani mutum-mutumi sassaka kuma ana kiranta Mace Mai Tsoro.
21. Me na gani a Tamasopo?
Garin Tamasopo yana da nisan kilomita 140 daga Xilitla akan wannan hanyar da Ciudad Valles. Ya cancanci zuwa wannan gundumar ta Potosí kawai don yabawa magudanan ruwa nata, waɗanda aka kirkira a cikin tafkin Tamasopo. Gadar Allah ita ce magudanar ruwa tare da kogon dutse wanda hasken rana, a cikin hulɗa da ruwan na yanzu, ya haifar da kyakkyawar tasiri a kan matattarar ruwa, stalagmites da sauran hanyoyin rami. Wani wurin ban sha'awa shi ne Ciénaga de las Cabezas, wani yanki ne wanda ke rayuwa da nau'in dabbobi masu ban sha'awa.
22. Menene manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Matlapa?
Karamar hukumar Matlapa tana kusa da Xilitla a gefen gabas. Matlapla galibi yanki ne mai yawan duwatsu, tare da gangaren koren duwatsu da Kogin Tancuilín ya shayar da shi. Kamar Xilitla, tana da yawan rafuka masu yawa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da tafkuna, masu kyau ga baƙon da ke sha'awar hulɗa da dabi'a ta budurwa, ba tare da la'akari da jin daɗin da aka samu a wuraren da aka haɓaka ba.
23. Me kuke ba da shawarar gani a Tancanhuitz?
Hakanan kusa da Xilitla shine garin Potosí na Tancanhuitz. Daga cikin rukunin yanar gizo masu sha'awar Tancanhuitz akwai Cocin matakai 149, Dam na La Herradura da Cueva de Los Brujos. Wani abin jan hankali shine wasu gonakin da ke kusa, daga cikinsu akwai wanda ya fi fice don Don Chinto.
24. Menene manyan bukukuwa a cikin Xilitla?
Maigidan garin shine San Agustín de Hipona, wanda aka girmama a cikin haikalin ƙarni na 16 wanda shine babban ɗakunan gine-gine da tarihi na Xilitla. Ranar Augustine ta ranar 28 ga watan Agusta, ranar da waliyyi ya mutu a tsohon garin Numidic na Hippo Regius a shekara ta 430 AD. Bikin San Agustín de Xilitla yana gudana tsakanin ƙarshen watan Agusta da farkon Satumba. Lokaci-lokaci, Xilitla shine wurin da ake gudanar da tarurrukan Huastecan da bukukuwa, wanda aka keɓe don baje kolin al'adu na garuruwa da jihohi na Yankin Huasteca.
25. Wane abinci ne aka ba da shawarar a cikin Xilitla?
Mafi mahimmancin abinci a cikin Xilitla shine zacahuil, abinci mara kyau wanda shine tauraruwar abincin Huasteca. Ana shirya shi ta hanyar cike babban tamale na masarar tamale tare da cakuda nama, wanda aka fi amfani dashi shine naman alade da kaza. An dandana naman tare da barkono na barkono, da kayan yaji mai daɗi da sauran kayan haɗi daga ƙasashe masu daɗi na Xilitla. Sannan ana narkar da tamale a cikin ganyen itaciya mai kama da ayaba sannan a dafa shi. Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan gastronomic sune xochitl, romon kaza tare da avocado, bocoles da enchiladas daga Potosí.
26. A ina zan ci abinci a cikin Xilitla?
A cikin Xilitla kuna da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don ɗanɗana Potosi da abincin duniya. La Huastequita kafa ce mai sauƙi wacce ke ba da abincin Huasteca, ana ba da shawarar ƙwararrun enchiladas na yankin sosai. Querreque yana cikin tsakiyar dandalin Xilitla kuma akwai kyawawan ra'ayoyi game da wasu abincinsa, kamar kaza da aka wanke da miyar gyada. Los Cayos gidan abinci sananne ne don enchiladas tare da jerky. Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan don cin abinci a cikin Xilitla sune Ambar, Las Pozas da La Condesa.
27. Shin gaskiya ne cewa a cikin Xilitla zan iya samun kofi mai kyau?
Duwatsu na Huasteca Potosina suna gabatar da yanayin da ya dace, danshi da yanayin matsuguni don samar da kofi. Xilitla yana kewaye da gonakin kofi kuma wani ɓangare na wake da aka girbe a tsaunukan tsaunuka ana cin gajiyar su a cikin ƙaramar hukuma don jin daɗin da yawon buɗe ido ke yi a gidajen cin abinci da wuraren shan shayi. Duk gidajen Xilitlan suna da ƙanshin kofi kuma mazaunan suna neman duk wani uzuri don yin hira akan iska mai danshi. Idan kana son siyan wani abu a matsayin Xilitlense, ɗauki fakitin kofi na aikin hannu.
28. Waɗanne wasanni zan iya yi a cikin Xilitla?
Yanayin sama da aikin ruwa na Xilitla da ƙananan hukumomin da ke kusa da shi suna ba da sararin ƙasa da kwasa-kwasan ruwa waɗanda suka dace da yin abubuwa da yawa na nishaɗi da wasanni, na al'ada da na matuƙar. Za'a iya yin rafin a cikin tsaunuka masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi daga cikin raƙuman ruwa da kuma a ɗakunan ajiya da kogwanni, rappelling da hawa dutsen suna da ƙalubale masu ban sha'awa. Tabbas, akwai ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu aminci da aminci, waɗanda ba su da wadataccen adrenaline, na yawo da hawan keke.
Muna fatan cewa wannan jagorar na Xilitla ta ƙunshi duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don ku sami farin ciki a cikin wannan Garin Sihiri na Huasteco. Zamu hadu nan bada jimawa ba a wani hawa mai kayatarwa.
