Shin kun taɓa yin tunanin hawa tsauni don neman barewa? Ko kasancewa cikin neman turkey na daji? Ko samun kanku a gaban kerkeci na Mexico? Bayyana abin mamaki yana da wahala; mafi kyau, ci gaba da rayuwa!
Wurin ajiyar halittu. Michilía an kirkireshi ne a cikin 1975 ta Cibiyar Ilimin Lafiya da kuma jihar Durango, tare da tallafin SEP da CONACYT. Don ƙirƙirar ta, an kafa ƙungiya ta farar hula wacce cibiyoyin da muka ambata a baya da mazaunan gida suka shiga, suka bar alhakin cibiyar bincike don ayyukan ajiyar. A cikin 1979, La Michilía ya shiga cikin MAB-UNESCO, wanda shine shirin bincike na duniya, horo, zanga-zanga da horo wanda aka tsara don samar da tushen kimiyya da ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ake buƙata don ingantaccen amfani da kiyaye albarkatun ƙasa na biosphere. .
La Michilía tana cikin karamar hukumar Súchel, a yankin kudu maso gabashin jihar Durango. Ya ƙunshi yanki na 70,000 ha, wanda 7,000 ya dace da yankin na ainihi, wanda shine farin tudu, wanda yake a ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin yankin. Iyakokin yankin ajiyar sune Sierra de Michis zuwa yamma da Saliyo Urica a gabas, wanda kuma ke nuna rabewa tsakanin jihohin Durango da Zacatecas.
Yanayin yana da yanayi rabin-bushe; matsakaicin matsakaicin shekara yana bambanta tsakanin (digiri 12 da 28). Yanayin halayyar keɓaɓɓen gandun daji ne da aka haɗu, tare da kewayon bambancin da abin da ke tattare da abubuwan da ke cikin yanayin yanayi; Har ila yau, akwai filayen ciyayi na gargajiya da kabilu. Daga cikin mahimman halittu za mu iya ambata farin barewa, da puma, dawar daji, da coyote da cocono ko kuma turkey.
A cikin La Michilía da cika manyan manufofin kowane ajiyar, ana yin layuka biyar na bincike:
1. Nazarin ilimin muhalli na kashin baya: masu binciken sun fi mayar da hankali kan nazarin ciyarwa da kuma yawan karfin halittar farin barewa da mazugi. Sun kuma gudanar da bincike kan tasirin yawan jama'a da kuma al'ummomin kananan dabbobi (kadangaru, tsuntsaye da beraye).
A cikin Mexico akwai tsaran tsuntsaye masu daraja sosai, turkey daji. Koyaya, ba a san komai game da ita ba.
Binciken da ake gudanarwa a La Michilía na da niyyar ƙara ilimi game da wannan nau'in ta hanyar kimanta amfani da mazaunin da yawan jama'ar. Waɗannan manufofin suna nufin haɓaka a nan gaba tsarin kula da yawan jama'a don kwakwaɗar daji.
2. Nazarin ciyayi da fure: ƙaddara nau'ikan ciyayi da shirya littafin jagora na bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi a ajiye.
Gandun daji na itacen oak-pine shine babban nau'in ciyayi. Cedar-oak gandun daji da wuraren ciyawar sun ƙunshi wasu nau'o'in tsire-tsire da aka samo a yankuna daban-daban. Daga cikin mahimmin dangi akwai: itacen oaks (Quercus), pines (Pinus), manzanitas (Arctostaphylos) da itacen al'ul (Juniperus).
3. Gudanar da dabbobin daji: nazari kan amfani da mazaunin farin barewa da mazugi don samar da isassun dabaru don gudanar da su. An fara waɗannan ayyukan ne bisa buƙatar jama'ar yankin waɗanda suka nuna sha'awa sosai.
A kasar Meziko, barewar da ke da fari tana daya daga cikin mahimman dabbobin farauta kuma daya daga cikin wadanda aka fi tsanantawa, shi ya sa ake gudanar da nazarin al'adun ciyar da wannan dabba, domin sanin wani muhimmin al'amari na ilimin halittar wannan kuma sami damar haɗa shirin don kula da yawan jama'a da muhallin su.
Don aiwatar da wannan shirin, an yi amfani da kayan aikin gonar alade da aka watsar inda aka kafa tashar binciken ƙirar ɗan adam El Alemán, inda aka yi gonar don sake haifuwa da ƙara yawan barewar fari-wutsi a cikin wurin.
4. Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗarin halaka: nazarin muhalli na kerkuku na Mexico (Canislupus bailei) a cikin fursuna don cimma nasarar haifuwarsu.
5. Shawarwarin dabbobi da na noma wanda ya haifar a cikin shanu da wuraren kiwo.
Kamar yadda kuke gani, La Michilía ba kyakkyawan wuri bane kawai, wuri ne da kuke koyon sanin mahalli, shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Shin kun fahimci dalilin sha'awar yin hakan? Bincike ne, ilimi ne, sa hannu ne, yanki ne na Mexico.
Yadda ake samun:
Barin garin Durango, babbar hanyar hanya zuwa wurin ajiyar halittu ita ce Babbar Hanya ta Amurka (45). A kilomita 82 kun isa Vicente Guerrero, kuma daga can ku ɗauki hanyar zuwa Suchel, garin da ke da nisan kilomita 13 zuwa kudu maso yamma; Daga wannan wurin, ana bin hanyar da ake ginawa zuwa Guadalajara, ta wani ƙaramin sashi da aka shimfida da sauran hanyar datti (kilomita 51), kuna isa tashar Piedra Herrada a cikin La Michilía Biosphere Reserve.
