Kogin San Bernardino, zuwa yamma da tsaunin Zongolica, wani bangare ne na wani kebabben wuri mai ban sha'awa saboda ya hada da kasancewar dutsen mai fitad da wuta, a wani yanki mai tsaunuka da aka kafa kusan gaba daya ta hanyar ninkawa.
Kogin San Bernardino, zuwa yamma da tsaunin Zongolica, wani bangare ne na wani kebabben wuri mai ban sha'awa saboda ya hada da kasancewar dutsen mai fitad da wuta, a wani yanki mai tsaunuka da aka kafa kusan gaba daya ta hanyar ninkawa.
Taswirar INEGI (El4B66 sikelin 1: 50,000) a bayyane ya nuna layukan kwane-kwane na abin da ake kira Otzelotzi dutsen mai fitad da wuta, wanda aka rarrabe mazonsa daga sauƙin tsaunuka da kwazazzabai.
Rubén Morante ya ziyarci shafin a shekarun da suka gabata kuma yana da ra'ayin cewa lagoon na iya kewaye da katunan babban mazugi, wanda zai ba wa kayan wutar lantarki wani babban sha'awa. Koyaya, binciken rukunin yanar gizon ya haifar mana da cewa lamuran ruwa sun samu ne ta hanyar toshe kwari, sakamakon lawa da aka biyo baya daga dutsen Otzelotzi.
Otzelotzi yana ɗaya daga cikin tsaunukan dutsen kudu na Neovolcanic Axis a yankin Puebla, kuma yayi daidai da layi wanda yake farawa daga Cofre del Perote zuwa Citlaltépetl da Atlitzin, kodayake ƙarshen suna da nisan kilomita 45. Abin baƙin cikin shine babu wani abu da aka buga dangane da Otzelotzi, kodayake masanin ƙasa Agustín Ruiz Violante, wanda yayi nazari akan duwatsun yankin, ya tabbatar da cewa samuwar ta quater ce, ta yadda wanzuwar ta zata koma da dozin da yawa dubunnan shekaru.
Tsayi na lagoons, tare da matsakaita na 2,500 m asl, yayi kama da na layin Zempoala, a cikin Morelos. A cikin Meziko, kawai tafkunan El Sol da La Luna, a Nevado de Toluca, sun fi ƙarfin su sosai, tunda suna kusa da m 4,000. Advantageaya daga cikin fa'idodin San Bernardino a kan sauran mutane, musamman ma Grande Lagoon, shi ne yalwar manyan ledoji, kifi, da farin kifi da suke samarwa.
RA'AYI
Yanayin da ya gabaci lagoons na San Bernardino ya cancanci balaguro da kansa. Daga mahadar da ke 'yan kilomitoci daga Azumbilla, a kan babbar hanyar Tehuacán-Orizaba, hanyar da ta ratsa wani yanki mai dazuzzuka da ramuka masu zurfin mita 500 ya fara. wasu tsaunuka suna wakiltar ciyayi masu yawa, yayin da wasu ke nuna lalatawa ta hanyar sare bishiyoyi ba gaira ba dalili. Abin farin ciki, dutsen Otzelotzi yana da kariya daga mazaunan San Bernardino, waɗanda kawai ke ba da izinin ƙaramar itace don samar da gawayi.
Mun isa da sassafe, lokacin da gizagizai ke tsaye kan shimfidar shimfidar duwatsu. Rubén ya tabbatar da cewa akwai tatsuniyoyi game da almara da kuma bayyana, don haka ɗayan ayyukanmu shine tambayar tsofaffin mazaunan garin. Wata tambaya tana nufin asalin tudu: otzyotl, a cikin Nahuatl, na nufin ciki, yotztiestar mai ciki ko yin ciki. Da alama tsaunin yana da mahimmiyar ma'ana dangane da haihuwa kuma mata sun zo wurin da nufin yin juna biyu. Daga hanyar da ke kan iyaka da Otzelotzi a kan gangaren kudu, zai yiwu kawai a yi tunanin lagoon Chica, tunda ana samun Grande da Lagunilla a tsawan tsauni a yankunan arewa da gabas, bi da bi. Lagoon Chica ya tashi zuwa 2 440 m sama da matakin teku, Grande lagoon a 2,500 da Lagunilla a 2,600. Baya ga girmansu, lagoon ya bambanta da launin ruwan nasu: launin ruwan Chica lagoon, Grande lagoon kore da shuun Lagunilla .
Bayan mun tuka mota zuwa Santa María del Monte da ɗaukar wasu hotuna masu faɗi, sai mu koma ga rarar datti da ke kai mu, ta gefen gangaren yamma na Otzelotzi, zuwa ƙaramin garin San Bernardino. A lokacin mun riga mun fahimci cewa kasancewar 'yan asalin ƙasar ba su da yawa a wannan ɓangaren tsaunin. Yawancin mazaunan suna nuna cakuda tare da fasalolin Creole masu ƙarfi, kuma yana da wuya a ga tsarkakakkun 'yan asalin, kamar yadda yake a Zongoliza. Wataƙila ƙaura daga wasu wurare yana bayyana jahilcin labaran d, a, saboda mutanen da muka yi magana da su, babu wanda ya san yadda zai ba mu dalili game da kowane tatsuniya.
Yarinya daga ƙauyen ta ba da gudummawar gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da taron da ake yi a ranar ƙarshe ta shekara, da dare, a taron Otzelotzi, a 3,080 m asl. Dukan jama'ar suna tare da firist ɗin a kan hanyar hawa, a gefen giciye goma sha biyu. Tafiya mai kayatarwa ce saboda yawan kyandir da ke haskaka tazarar mita 500 tsakanin garin da taron.
Kodayake yawancin yawon bude ido da suka ziyarci lagoon sun fi son yin tafiya a cikin Grande Lagoon, tare da jiragen ruwa da ake hayar su a can, kuma suna cin abinci a gidajen cin abinci da ke bakin teku, babban manufarmu ita ce rufe hawan zuwa saman, don more yanayin da hotunan duwatsun da ke kewaye. A cikin kwanaki bayyanannu yana yiwuwa a yi tunani, daga taron, Popocatepetl da Iztaccíhuatl; Koyaya, saboda akwai gajimare zuwa yamma, dole ne mu wadatu da kyakkyawan ra'ayi da Pico de Orizaba ya bamu, wanda ke arewa.
Hanyar tana da daɗi ƙwarai saboda yawan ciyawar da Otzelotzi ke kiyayewa. A wani lokaci, Rubén ya tsaya don daukar hoton tsutsa a kan wani dutsen da ke sanadin sanadin jikina wanda daga baya na gano shi tuff ne mai ƙarar gaske. A yankin da muke hawa ba ma ganin basal, duwatsu waɗanda za a iya gani a kan gangaren kudu na dutsen mai fitad da wuta.
Lalacewar wannan ya gurgunce rami. Tushen Otzelotzi bai wuce kilomita 2 kaɗan ba a cikin diamita kuma a kudu maso gabas yana ba da tudu, abin da ke tattare da mazugi mai ban sha'awa. Yankin mafi girman yana da ɗan fuskantar zuwa arewacin ciyawar wannan gangaren, kusan lokacin da aka kai saman, ya ƙunshi tsukakkun duwatsu, da kuma wani babban ɓangare na gangaren gabas, wanda Lagunilla da yawa daga cikinsu yawan jama'a. Daga sama zuwa kudu akwai ɗan gangaren da ke ba da kariya ga gandun daji mai danshi mai yawa.
Ana ganin mafi kyawun hangen nesa daga arewa: a gaba ana iya ganin layin Grande, kuma a bango, tsaunin Citlaltépetl da Atlitzin. Saboda ciyayi, ba zai yiwu ba, daga sama, a rarrabe zuwa kudu, amma yana da ban sha'awa sanin cewa bishiyoyi suna ci gaba da zama a tsaye, masu kyau da kuma ciyawa. Additionari ga wannan, wannan ciyawar tana ba da mafaka ga adadi mai yawa na halittu, kamar ƙaramin hawainiyar da muka samu kusan a sama wanda kuma yake ɗaukar kyamarorinmu.
A ƙarshe mun gamsu, yunwarmu ga shimfidar ƙasa, mun tashi daga gangaren. Mun bar jirgi a kan Grande Lagoon na wani lokaci kuma mun zauna don farantin fararen kifi da yan giya.
IDAN KUN ZO SAN BERNARDINO LAGOONS
Idan kun tashi daga Orizaba zuwa Tehuacán, ta hanyar Cumbres de Acultzingo, kuna buƙatar wuce jirgin Azumbilla. Yawancin kilomita daga baya, a gefen hagu, akwai karkata zuwa Nicolás Bravo. Tsakanin wannan garin da Santa María del Monte shine Otzelotzi. Dukan babbar hanyar da aka keɓe kuma akwai ɗan gajeren kazanta a ƙofar San Bernardino. Yankin ba shi da otal ko gidajen mai. Tehuacán, Puebla, shine gari mafi kusa kuma yana da awa ɗaya da mota.
Source: Ba a san Mexico ba No. 233 / Yuli 1996
