Wasu tambayoyi game da ƙirƙirar waɗannan maɓuɓɓugan tekun na wucin gadi sun kasance: har zuwa yaya kuma har tsawon lokacin da ƙarfe ɗin zai zama mazaunin teku?
A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1999, Fang Ming dan dakon kaya dan kasar China ya yi tafiyarsa ta karshe. Da karfe 1:16 na ranar wannan ruwa ya fara ambaliyar dakinsa, ya dauke shi kasa da mintuna biyu zuwa sabon gidansa mai zurfin mita 20, a gaban Tsibirin Espiritu Santo, a Bay of La Paz, Baja California Sur . Har abada daga rana da iska, makomar Fang Ming zai kasance ya zama saniyar ware. Wani jirgin dako na biyu, mai suna LapasN03, ya bi hanyar magabacinsa washegari. Ta haka ne aka ƙaddamar da aikin da ya buƙaci fiye da shekara guda na ƙoƙari da aiki tuƙuru daga ƙungiyar kiyayewa Pronatura.
Shekara guda bayan ƙirƙirar rafin, ƙungiyar masana kimiyyar halittu da masu sha'awar wasan motsa jiki sun yanke shawarar gudanar da bincike game da Fang Ming da LapasN03 don tantance yadda teku da halittunta suka amsa ga kasancewar waɗannan sabbin mazauna. marine.
NAUYI NA ADADI DA NA ARTIFICIAL
An shirya balaguron ne a ranar Asabar, 11 ga Nuwamba, 2000, 'yan kwanaki kafin ranar haihuwar wucin gadi ta ranar haihuwar wucin gadi. Yanayin teku yayi kyau, kodayake ruwan ya ɗan gajimare.
A kan hanyarmu ta zuwa Fang Ming mun tashi kusa da wasu yankuna da yawa na bakin teku na Bay of La Paz. Wasu daga nau'ikan murjani ne, ma'ana, sun samu ne ta girman wasu nau'o'in murjani. Sauran wuraren reef suna da duwatsu. Dukkanin murjani da duwatsu suna ba da mahimmin abu don haɓakar algae, anemones, gorgonians da clams, tsakanin sauran ƙwayoyin ruwan teku, kuma a lokaci guda ana amfani dasu azaman mafaka ga nau'ikan kifaye iri-iri.
Haka nan, jiragen ruwa da suka nutse (wanda aka fi sani da fasinjoji) galibi ana rufe su da algae da murjani, ta yadda wasu lokuta da kyar ake iya gane asalin fasalin jirgin. Idan halaye na wurin nutsarwar sun yi kyau, a kan lokaci tarkacen jirgin zai dauki bakuncin kifaye masu yawa, suna aiki a matsayin ainihin gaci. Wannan shine batun lalacewar Salvatierra, jirgin ruwan da ya nitse shekaru talatin da suka gabata a tashar San Lorenzo (wanda ya raba tsibirin Espiritu Santo daga yankin Baja California) kuma wanda a halin yanzu lambu ne mai wadatar ruwa.
Bambance-bambancen rayuwar ruwan teku ya sanya reefs (na halitta da na wucin gadi) wuraren da aka fi so don ruwa da daukar hoto a ƙarƙashin ruwa. A wasu lokuta, yawancin masu nishaɗi sukan ziyarci gabar da take fara lalacewa. Ba da gangan ba, yana da sauƙi a karya reshen murjani ko kuma a cire gorgonian, yayin da manyan kifaye ke iyo a wuraren da ɗan Adam bai ziyarta ba. Ofaya daga cikin manufofin da aka bi tare da ƙirƙirar reefs na wucin gadi shi ne samar da maɓuɓɓugai da sabon zaɓi don nutsewarsu, wanda ke rage matsin lamba na amfani da kuma mummunan tasirin da ke cikin raƙuman ruwa.
Yawon shakatawa ta hanyar FANG Ming
Mun isa yankin Punta Catedral, a tsibirin Espiritu Santo, da misalin 10 na safe. Ta amfani da sautin amo da mai sanya yanayin wuri, kyaftin din jirgin ya gano Fang Ming da sauri kuma ya ba da umarnin a jefa anga a ƙasan rairayi zuwa ɗaya gefen ɓarkewar jirgin. Muna shirya kayan aikinmu na ruwa, kyamarori da allon roba don yin bayani, kuma daya bayan daya muna shiga ruwan daga bayan jirgin ruwan na baya.
Bi layin anga, mun yi iyo zuwa ƙasa. Duk da cewa tekun ya huce, amma a karkashin ruwan yanzu ruwan yana dan latsewa, yana hana mu ganin tarkacen jirgin da farko. Ba zato ba tsammani, kusan zurfin mita biyar, sai muka fara fitar da wata katuwar silba ta Fang Ming.
Wataƙila ɗayan abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa ga mai nutsewa shine ziyartar jirgin ruwa da ya nitse; Wannan ba banda bane. An zana jirgin da gadar umarni na tarkacen da sauri a gabanmu. Na ji zuciyata ta buga da sauri saboda farin cikin irin wannan gamuwa. Ba a dauki lokaci ba sai aka fahimci cewa gaba dayan kifayen sun kewaye jirgin baki daya. Abin da ya gabata ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai tsatsa, ya zama akwatin kifaye na ban mamaki!
A saman dutsen za mu iya ganin katuwar algae mai kauri, murjani da anemones waɗanda suka riga sun daɗe da santimita da yawa sun katse ta. Daga cikin kifin muna gano masu kama-karya, burrito, kifin da aka fi sani da masarufi, da kuma kyakkyawan angelfish. Daya daga cikin abokan tafiyata ya kirga wasu kananan yara goma sha biyu na Cortés a cikin 'yan mitoci kaɗan, abin da ke tabbatar da cewa tarkacen jirgin, hakika, yana aiki a matsayin mafakar mafaka don kifin kifi a farkon matakan rayuwarsu. rayuwa.
Budewar da akayi a bangarorin biyu na kwallin kwalekwalen ya bamu damar shiga ciki ba tare da amfani da fitilun mu ba. Kafin nutsewarsa, Fang Ming ya shirya tsaf don cire duk wani abu da zai iya wakiltar haɗari ga masu natsuwa. An cire ƙofofi, da baƙin ƙarfe, da igiyoyi, da bututu da kuma allo inda mai nutsar da ruwa zai iya makalewa, a kowane lokaci haske yana ratsawa daga waje kuma yana yiwuwa a ga wata mafita ta kusa. Matakan jigilar kaya, ƙyanƙyashewa, riƙewa da ɗakin injiniya suna gabatar da zane mai cike da sihiri da asiri, wanda ya sanya mu tunanin cewa a kowane lokaci za mu sami abin da aka manta da shi.
Da muka tashi daga wata kofa ta karshen jirgi, sai muka sauka zuwa wurin da masu haduwa da rudun suke haduwa, a wuri mafi zurfin jirgin. Hull da bakin ruwa an rufe su cikin lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u wanda ya zama abun amfani sosai a wannan yankin tun zamanin mulkin mallaka. A kan yashi mun yi mamakin adadin dunkulalliyar uwar lu'u lu'u-lu'u. Me zai iya kashe su? Amsar wannan tambayar ana samunta a ƙasan helm, inda muke lura da ƙaramin mallaka na dorinar ruwa waɗanda ke da ƙuƙumma a matsayin ɓangare na abincin da suka fi so.
Bayan mintuna 50 na rangadin Fang Ming, iska a cikin tankunan ruwa ya ragu sosai, don haka muka ɗauka wayo ne don fara hawan. A kan tsaunukan akwai jerin kifaye da kifayen da algae, wadanda suka tabbatar da cewa, a cikin shekara guda kawai, an samu nasarar kirkirar wannan kifin na wucin gadi.
NUNA CIKIN LAPAS N03
Babu shakka, sakamakon nutsewarmu ta farko ya wuce yadda muke tsammani. Yayin da muke tattauna abubuwan da muka gano, kyaftin din ya daga anga kuma ya ja bakan jirgin zuwa gefen gabashin tsibirin Ballena, mai tazarar kilomita biyu kawai daga Punta Catedral. A cikin wannan wurin, kimanin mita 400 daga tsibirin, shi ne gaci na biyu na wucin gadi wanda muka shirya bincika.
Da zarar jirgin ruwan ya kasance, sai muka canza tankokin ruwa, muka shirya kyamarori kuma muka yi sauri muka shiga cikin ruwa, wanda a nan ya fi kyau saboda tsibirin yana kare yankin daga halin yanzu. Bi layin anga mun isa gadar umarnin LapasN03 ba tare da matsala ba.
Murfin wannan tarkacen yana da zurfin zurfin mita bakwai, yayin da kasan yashi yana da mita 16 ƙasa da farfajiyar. Wannan jigilar kaya tana da riƙe guda ɗaya tak wanda yake tafiyar da tsawon jirgi kuma a buɗe yake ga dukkan tsawonsa, yana bawa jirgin bayyanar kamar katon bahon wanka.
Kamar abin da aka gani a cikin nutsewarmu ta baya, mun sami LapasN03 an rufe shi da algae, ƙananan murjani da gizagizai na kifaye. Yayin da muka tunkari gadar umarni sai muka hango wani inuwa mai ratsa babbar ƙyauren. Yayin da muke lekawa, an gaishe mu da wani rukuni mai kusan tsawon mita, muna mai lura da kumfar da ke fitowa daga masu hutar da mu.
Yawon shakatawa na LapasN03 ya fi na Fang Ming sauri sosai, kuma bayan minti 40 na nutsuwa mun yanke shawarar zuwa saman. Wannan ya kasance rana mai ban mamaki, kuma yayin da muke jin daɗin miyar kifin mai daɗin gaske, kyaftin ɗin ya ba da jirgin ruwanmu komawa tashar La Paz.
GABA NA AMFANIN HALITTU
Ziyarcinmu zuwa gaɓar tekun roba da ke gaban Tsibirin Espiritu Santo ya tabbatar da cewa, a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, abin da jiragen ruwa marasa amfani suka zama matattarar rayuwar ruwan teku kuma wuri mai kyau don yin wasan ruwa.
Ko don kiyayewa da dalilai na yawon shakatawa (kamar shari'ar Fang Ming da LapasNO3), ko don samar da matattarar abubuwan kifi don inganta aikin kamun kifi, reef na wucin gadi yana wakiltar zaɓi wanda zai iya fa'ida ga al'ummomin bakin teku ba kawai a Baja California ba har ma a cikin Meziko. A kowane hali, zai zama dole a shirya kwale-kwalen da kyau don hana duk wani mummunan tasirin muhalli; Kamar yadda ya faru a Bay of La Paz, yanayi zai amsa karimci ga wannan kulawa.
Source: Mexico da ba a sani ba A'a. 290 / Afrilu 2001
