Abubuwan tarihi na Tlaxcala da suka gabata sun dawo ne tun kafin isowar Mutanen Espanya na farko zuwa yankinmu. Asali, birni na yanzu ya kasu zuwa manyan manya guda huɗu: Tepeticpac, Ocotelulco, Quiahuixtlan da Tizatlán, waɗanda duk da kasancewar suna da 'yanci daga juna, a lokacin rikici ko barazanar yankin da aka haɗu don samar da haɗin kai.
GURIN SAURAN GONA KO TORTILLAS
Tlaxcala suna ne na asalin Nahuatl wanda ke nufin wurin gurasar masara ko kuma taɓa. Tana da tazarar kilomita 115 kacal daga Garin Mexico, tare da yanayi mai yanayi da ruwan sama a lokacin bazara. Tana bakin tekun mil 2,225 a saman tekun.
Tlaxcalans sun gina gine-ginen jama'a da na jama'a, suna rayuwa gaba ɗaya daga aikin noma. Lokacin da Hernán Cortés ya iso wannan wuri, kusan a cikin 1519, mazaunanta suka haɗa kai da shi don kayar da abokan gaba na har abada: Mexico. An gina gine-gine na farko a cikin abin da ake kira Kwarin Chalchihuapan; Don haka, an ƙirƙiri garin Tlaxcala da sunan Tlaxcala de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, a shirin Don Diego Muñoz Camargo a 1525, gidauniyar da goyan bayan umarnin Paparoma CIemente VII.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa daga ƙarni na sha bakwai tubali da talavera, irin na wannan yankin, ana amfani da su a cikin adon gine-ginenta, kuma salon baroque ya bayyana a wajajen ƙarni na goma sha takwas tare da kyawawan murfin turmi, garin ya sami hoton birni na mallaka sosai, har ya zama an san shi da suna Tlaxcala baroque. Idan aka ba da tushen kakaninmu, har yanzu muna iya samun gine-gine daban-daban daga ƙarni na 16, 17, 18 da 19 a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. An ce an fara gina garin daga Plaza de Armas, sunan daga baya ya canza zuwa abin da aka sani a yau, Plaza de laConstitución.
Fadar Gwamnatin ta iyakance filin ne zuwa arewa, wanda ginin ya faro a 1545. Wannan ginin na ƙarni na 16 yana kiyaye ƙananan ɓangaren façade ne kawai da baka na ciki, kamar yadda aka canza shi sau da yawa a tsawon rayuwarsa. A ciki zamu iya ganin kyakkyawan bango wanda ya gaya mana tarihin Tlaxcala daga zamanin Hispanic zuwa ƙarni na 19. Wannan aikin ya fara ne a cikin 1957, ta shahararren mai zane-zane Tlaxcala Desiderio Hernández Xochitiotzin.
Da zarar munyi farin ciki tare da kyakkyawan kallon da murfin yake wakilta, zamu iya zuwa Ikklesiyar San José, wanda aka gina tsakanin ƙarni na 17 da 18. Babban façade an kawata shi da turmi na gargajiya na Tlaxcala Baroque, an rufe shi da tubali da faren talavera. Hoton Saint Joseph yana tsaye a tsakiyar ɓangaren murfinsa.
A ƙarshen yamma na Plaza de la Constitución akwai tsohuwar Royal Chapel ta Indiyawa, wanda Friar Andrés de Córdoba ya fara ɗaga dutse na farko a 1528, wanda manyan gidaje huɗu na asali suka biya. A cikin 1984 sun sake dawo da shi kuma daga nan zuwa gaba, yana da Powerarfin Shari'a na Jiha. A kan titin Juárez, gabas da Plaza de la Constitución kuma a tsakiyar tsakiyar tashar Hidalgo-wanda aka gina a ƙaddarar Don Diego Ramírez-, Gidan Gidan Ginin yana nan, wanda ya fara tun ƙarni na 16. Ya zuwa shekarar 1985, gwamnatin jihar ta yanke shawarar mallakar ta kuma yi amfani da ita don ayyukanta na yanzu.
A ƙarshe, an rufe gefen kudu na murabba'i da gine-gine da yawa, daga ciki Casa de Piedra ya yi fice, ginin karni na 16, wanda aka yi facade da duwatsu masu launin toka daga garin Xaltocan da ke kusa da shi kuma wanda ke da ɗayan ɗayan mafi kyawun otal a cikin gari. A kan Avenida Juárez, a gaban Plaza Xicohtencatl, gidan kayan tarihin zamani ne. An girka a cikin wani tsohon gida daga ƙarni na ƙarshe, yana ba da abin kallo ba tare da daidai da baƙo ba.
TAFIYA CIBIYA
Koma baya kaɗan, a bayan Parroquia de San José, Plaza Juárez yana cikin kasuwar da ta kasance ta birni kuma a yau ana buɗe sarari mai faɗi tare da mutum-mutumin tagulla na Don Benito Juárez da marmaro. tare da sassaka fasalin gaggafa mai cinye maciji. A gabanta, akan titin Allende, Fadar Majalisar dokoki ce, wacce aka gina ta a shekarar 1992 kuma ita ce mazaunin Powerarfin Dokokin jihar. Tsohon Fadar Majalisar dokoki tana kan titin Lardizábal da Juárez. Façade na kusurwa an yi shi ne da nau'in dutse mai launin toka mai yalwa a yankin Xaltocan. A ciki, matattakalar hawa da aka rufe ta da dome wanda ke tuno da fasahar mashigar tana jan hankali.
Bayan stepsan matakai daga wannan ginin, mun sami gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Xicohtencatl, ɗayan farkon wuraren da aka keɓe don fasaha da al'adu a cikin mahaɗan. An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1873, amma façade na asali an canza shi a cikin 1923 da kuma a cikin 1945 ta hanyar haɗa ƙofar dutse a cikin wani salon neoclassical mai alama.
A daidai wannan Ave. Juárez mun isa Fadar Al’adun Gargajiya, wacce ta faro tun 1939 kuma wacce aka fara gina Cibiyar Nazarin Manyan Makarantu na Tlaxcala kuma tun daga 1991 aka sake dawo da ita hedikwatar Cibiyar al’adun Tlaxcala. Fuskokinsa an rufe su da tubalin petatillo, tare da salon da aka yiwa alama a cikin yanayin ƙarshen neoclassical.
Zuwanmu na gaba zai kai mu ga tsohuwar gidan zuhudu na Franciscan na Uwargidanmu na Zato, wanda aka ɗauka ɗayan farkon ayyukan masu ba da izini a Amurka. An fara ginin hadadden Franciscan a shekarar 1537 kuma ya kunshi manyan atrium biyu. Daya yana saman bene kuma manyan kibiyoyi uku ne suka iyakance shi wadanda suka hada shi da hasumiyar kararrawa. A wannan an fito da “posa chapel” wanda aka kawata shi da kayan aikin San Francisco de Asís da Santo Domingo de Guzmán.
Haikali na gidan ibada a halin yanzu yana aiki ne a matsayin babban coci na gida kuma façade yana da ban tsoro, amma ciki yana da tarin abubuwan al'ajabi, wanda ya fara da rufin katako irin na Mudejar, ɗayan mafi kyawun kiyaye irinsa. A gefen kudu maso gabas, bayan mun hau kan wani matattakalar dutse, mun isa Chapel na Kyakkyawan Maƙwabta, wani ginin karni na 17, wanda yanzu yake ƙarƙashin kulawar mutane kuma ana buɗe shi ne kawai don yin sujada a ranakun biyu: Ranar alhamis da farkon watan Yuli. Lokacin da muka sauko daga wannan ƙaramar ɗakin sujada za mu san na musamman "Jorge El Ranchero Aguilar" Bullring.
Bayan mun yi tafiya na dogon lokaci, sai mu tsaya mu more wani irin abinci na yankin, kamar kaza na Xaltocan, wasu escamoles, 'yan tsutsotsi masu maguey ko miyar Tlaxcala mai daɗi. Da zarar sha'awarmu ta ƙoshi, sai muka nufi Gidan Tarihin Rayuwa na Mashahurin Fasaha da Hadisai na Tlaxcala, a kan Ave. Emilio Sánchez Piedras ba. 1, a cikin menene Gidan Gwamnati har zuwa fewan shekarun da suka gabata.
Don ƙare ziyararmu zuwa garin Tlaxcala za mu je Basilica da Wuri Mai Tsarki na Uwargidanmu na Ocotlán, kyakkyawan gini na addini wanda ke da nisan kilomita ɗaya daga gabas daga cikin gari. Labari ya nuna cewa an gina wannan haikalin ne a inda a cikin 1541 Budurwa Maryamu ta bayyana ga wani ɗan asalin ƙasar mai suna Juan Diego Bernardino. Babban bagadensa yana cikin salon Baroque kuma an kawata shi da bawo, adon furanni da rumman, gami da kwanduna tare da tsirrai na tsirrai wadanda suka sassaka mutum-mutumi 17, mala'iku 18 da sassaƙa daban-daban guda 33. Hoton Budurwar Ocotlán kyakkyawa ce da aka sassaƙa itace ɗaya, polychrome kuma an dafa ta sosai. Babban bikin shi ana yin shi ne a ranakun farko da na uku na watan Mayu, wanda miliyoyin mahajjata daga kowane yanki ke zuwa. Don haka, wannan birni mai ban mamaki yana nuna saitin zaɓuɓɓuka don ilimi, tare da abubuwan ban mamaki iri-iri ga yawancin baƙi.
IDAN KAI ZUWA TLAXCALA
Daga Mexico City, ɗauki babbar hanya babu. 150 Mexico-Puebla. Lokacin da kuka isa San Martín Texmelucan kuɗin kuɗin rumfa, akwai karkata zuwa babbar hanya babu. 117, wanda zai dauke mu zuwa garin Tlaxcala, kilomita 115 daga babban birnin. Daga Puebla, ɗauki babbar hanyar tarayya ba. 119 cewa bayan wucewa ta Zacatelco yana jagorantar mu zuwa Tlaxcala, ko babbar hanya ba. 121 wanda ya ratsa ta Santa Ana Chaiutempan ya isa Santa Ana-Tlaxcala Boulevard. Wannan sashin bai wuce kilomita 32 ba.
