Abinda ya faru na babban sakamako ya faru a Mesoamerica kusan 650 BC.
Wani lamari na sakamako mai mahimmanci ya faru a Mesoamerica a kusan 650 BC: kasancewar abubuwan baƙi a cikin tsarin wakilcin Olmec, masu alaƙa da tsuntsayen ganima, macizai, jaguars, da toads ko frogs; amma, har ma da mahimmanci, fuskokin nau'in murmushi ne waɗanda suka fara maye gurbin nau'in "fuskar yaro" a matsayin wakilin mutum na musamman na wannan fasaha.
A cikin Chalcatzingo yanzu ba hadadden anthropomorphic ba ne wanda ke bayyana a cikin sauƙi a cikin kogon kuma ana kiransa "El Rey". A cikin bango a ƙofar kogon Oxtotitlán, ba ɗan adam bane wanda yake zaune akan sifofin ƙirar zoomorph na reptilian, amma mutum ne wanda aka wakilta a matsayin tsuntsu mai cin nama tare da alamomin da suka danganta shi da zoomorph. A La Venta da yawa stelae suna nuna mutum ɗaya ko fiye da yawa waɗanda ke sanye da kyawawan tufafi waɗanda ba a san su ba, ba al'adar Olmec ba, tare da hotunan anthropomorph a matsayin ɓangare na biyu a cikin hanyar medallion, insignia ko iyo a kusa da su, da na zoomorph ɗin a matsayin dandamali, ko ƙungiyar banda wanda Ubangiji yake zaune a kansa.
Wannan canjin a cikin fasahar Olmec ba kwatsam bane, amma ya samo asali ne daga sauyi a hankali kuma cikin lumana, kasancewar babu shaidar tarihi na yaƙi ko cin nasara. Sabbin abubuwan hoto an hada su kai tsaye cikin tsarin da ake dashi na wakilcin gargajiya na Olmec. Theoƙarin, da alama, shi ne don amfani da abin da ya kasance don inganta da haɓaka sababbin ra'ayoyi, canza abin da yake asalin fasaha ce ta addini, ga wanda a bayyane yake yana da cikakkiyar dalilin zamantakewar siyasa.
Zuwa 500 BC, zane-zane "Olmec" ya riga yana da aiki biyu: ɗayan don hidimar sarakuna waɗanda ke sarrafa shi, ɗayan kuma, wanda ke da tasirin addini sosai, don haɓaka matsayinsu na zamantakewa. Wani ginshiki na wannan tsari, mai matukar tasirin tasirin al'adun sa ga Mesoamerica, shine bayyanar bayin Allah, kamar wadanda muka sani daga Classic da Postclassic.
Abu ne mai yiyuwa cewa karfin tursasawar juyin juya halin da ya haifar da wadannan sauye-sauye na ban mamaki ya fito daga kudu, daga tsaunuka da kuma daga gabar tekun Pacific na Chiapas da Guatemala, inda jaka ta fito kuma ta ina hanyar cinikinta muke samun adadi mai yawa da petroglyphs a cikin ingantaccen salon Olmec kamar wadanda suke a Abaj Takalik, Ojo de Agua, Pijijiapan da Padre Piedra, a tsakanin sauran shafuka. A lokacin da take (900-700 BC) La Venta ta cinye adadin Jade mai yawa (a gare su sun fi zinariya daraja) cikin kyawawan abubuwa da aka sassaka a cikin siffofin gumaka, masks, abubuwan bukukuwan amfani kamar su bakin gatari da ƙananan kwale-kwale, wasu na amfani da al'ada da kayan ado. Bugu da kari, an ajiye kayan jifa a cikin jana'iza ko amfani da su a ayyukan kada kuri'a a kan tsaunuka da dandamali, da kuma hadaya a gaban abubuwan tarihin.
Wannan amfani da yawu na wuce gona da iri ya haifar da dogaro ga iyayengiji waɗanda ke sarrafa tushen wannan abu mai daraja a Guatemala. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa ake ganin tasirin kudu a cikin dutse, bagadai, da sauran abubuwan tarihi a La Venta. Hakanan waɗannan tasirin suna cikin wasu abubuwan tunawa na San Lorenzo, da Stela C da Monument C na Tres Zapotes. Ko da jade da ake kira "Olmec" da aka samo a Costa Rica sun fi dacewa da wannan al'ada ta bakin tekun Pacific fiye da mutanen Tekun Fasha.
Wannan sauya fasalin Olmec lamari ne na al'adu na sauyi, watakila ma ya fi mahimmanci fiye da ƙirƙirar tsarin gani na wakilci bisa dogaro da imani, kamar yadda Olmec kansa yake. Fiye da salon da aka gyara, wannan fasahar ta "Olmec" ta ƙarshen ita ce tushe ko asalin fasaha a cikin Zamani na zamanin Mesoamerican.
Source: Wuraren Tarihi A'a. 5 Iyaye-shiryen Gabar Tekun Fasha / Disamba 2000
