Yankunan tarihi na Campeche

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Rushewar wasu fitattun yankuna na jihar Campeche kamar su: Becán, Calakmul, Chicaná, Edzná da Xpuchil

Becan

Cibiya ce ta ƙaƙƙarfan bikin da ke yankin Bec River. Gidan yanar gizon yana kan wani babban dutse ne kuma sananne ne galibi ga babban dutsen da ke kewaye da babban ɓangarensa. Wannan rami na wucin gadi na kilomita 1.9. tsawo, an gina shi a ƙarshen zamanin kafin zamanin gargajiya tsakanin 100 da 250 BC, mai yiwuwa don dalilai na kariya. Hakanan manyan sune manyan gine-ginen Rio Bec tsarin gine-gine, galibi an gina su ne a lokacin da wurin yake a ƙarshen zamanin gargajiya, tsakanin 550 da 830 AD. Daga cikinsu akwai Tsarin XI, mafi tsayi a wurin; Tsari na huɗu, wanda ke da girman gine-ginen gine-gine kuma an yi musu ado sosai, da kuma Kudancin bene, watakila mafi faɗi a cikin yankin Mayan.

Calakmul

Yana ɗayan manyan biranen Mayan na ƙarshen zamanin da daɗewa. Ana zaune a kudancin Campeche, arewacin Petén, ana rarrabe shi da kasancewa mafi yawan adadin abubuwa da aka zana, kusan 106. Kusan dukkansu suna da kyawawan halayen adon da aka wakilta, mai yiwuwa sarakunan wurin, suna tsaye kan kamammun, da kuma abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin jiki. tsakanin 500 zuwa 850 AD Wurin, sau ɗaya muhimmin babban birni na yanki, ya mamaye yanki kusan 70 km2, wanda a ciki aka sami tsari 6,750 na nau'uka daban-daban. Daga cikin su, acropolis guda biyu, filin kwalliya da gidajen ibada da yawa da dala, kamar su Structure II, mafi girman abin tarihi a yankin kuma, ga wasu, mafi girma a duk yankin Mayan. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya haifar da gano kaburbura tare da wadatattun abubuwan bayarwa.

Chicana

Isan karamin wuri ne wanda ke kudu da Campeche. Abin sananne ne saboda ingantattun gine-ginen sa, a cikin tsarin gine-ginen Rio Bec. Kamar sauran wurare a cikin wannan yanki, yawancin gine-ginen an gina su ne a ƙarshen zamani. Tsarin II shine mafi ban sha'awa, yana da siffar babban abin rufe fuska wanda watakila alama ce ta ltzamaná, allahn mahalicci na Mayans, wanda aka wakilta a cikin sifa mai rarrafe. Doorofar, a cikin ɓangarenta akwai jere na manyan hauren dutse, ya dace da bakin; zuwa ga gefenta an nuna jayayyar macijin. Dangane da almara, duk wanda ya shiga ginin allah ya haɗiye shi. Tsarin XXII yana kiyayewa akan facinsa ragowar wakilcin manyan muƙamuƙi, tsayawa a saman layukan haikalinsa na sama na masks tare da manyan hancin hanci.

Edzna

Ya kasance wuri mafi mahimmanci a tsakiyar Campeche a ƙarshen tarihin. A wannan lokacin an gina kusan gine-gine 200, tsakanin dandamali da gine-gine, a cikin yanki na kilomita 17, galibi ana amfani da waɗanda aka yi a ƙarshen zamanin kafin zamanin gargajiya. Yawancin saƙo tare da kwanakin Countidaya na Longidaya sun kasance a nan, biyar daga cikinsu suna tsakanin 672 zuwa 810 AD. Shafin yana dauke da tsarin hanyoyin ruwa da madatsun ruwa wadanda ke samar da ruwan sha da na ban ruwa, kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman hanyar sadarwa. Edzná sanannen sanannen sa shine Gine-bene mai hawa biyar, wani hade ne na dala da fada; na farkon hawa hudu suna dauke da jerin dakuna, a karshen na karshe shine haikalin. Wani tsari mai ban sha'awa shine Haikalin Masks, wanda aka kawata shi da wakilcin Rana na rana a cikin yanayin hawa da yamma.

Xpuchil

Isananan yanki ne kusa da Becán, wanda aka fi sani da Gina 1 na Rukuni na 1, fitaccen misali na tsarin gine-ginen Rio Bec wanda aka gina a ƙarshen maraice. Kodayake façade na rukunin yanar gizon yana fuskantar gabas, mafi kyawun ɓangaren kiyayewa, kuma wanda ya ba da izinin fassarar halayensa, shine na baya. Wani fasalin sabon abu na wannan tsarin shine haɗuwa da hasumiya ta uku ko dala dala, zuwa ga biyun da gine-ginen Rio Bec ke gabatarwa gabaɗaya. Waɗannan hasumiyoyin suna da ƙarfi, an gina su ne don dalilai na ado. Matakansa sun yi kunkuntun da tsayi kuma gidajen ibada na sama suna ba'a. Masks uku, alamun wakilcin felines, sun yi ado matakala. Gidajen da aka kwaikwayon suna nuna Itzamaná, Allah Mahalicci, a matsayin macijin sama.

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Bidiyo: Homem é preso na Ilha do Campeche, em Florianópolis (Mayu 2024).