Mun bi ta cikin ruwan sanyi na Kogin Tampaón, a kan hanyar pre-Hispanic wacce ta kai ga wurin tarihi na Tamtoc, don bikin shekarar farko da aka buɗe wannan birni mai ban sha'awa ga jama'a.
Washe gari kamar yadda muka hango, wani hazo mai tsananin danshi ya lullube otal din Taninul. Mun isa daren da ya gabata kuma mun yanke shawarar kwana a nan don mu kasance cikin haɗuwa da yanayi. A lokacin da aka yarda, Alfredo Ortega, wakilin yawon bude ido na yankin Huasteca, ya zo ya dauke mu. Tsarin ya kasance barin bakwai na safe don hango zafin rana da jin daɗin farkawar yanayi. Mun kusa fara rangadin gwaji akan Kogin Tampaón, muna bin tsohuwar hanyar shiga garin Tamtoc na pre-Hispanic (wurin girgijen ruwa), don tsayar da lokaci da nisan hanyar masu yawon bude ido na gaba.
Jere
Bayan isa ga jama'ar Aserradero, wurin da aka zaba, sai muka kasu kashi biyu, mun tashi a cikin kwale-kwalen da suke amfani da shi wajen kamun kifi da tara yashi. Kodayake ra'ayin shine a sayi jiragen ruwa irin na trajinera don aiwatar da hanyoyin yawon bude ido, a wannan lokacin zamuyi amfani da waɗannan don auna lokacin tafiyar ta hanyar kwale-kwale. Don kauce wa ƙazantar da kogin da cutar da namun daji, an hana yin amfani da jiragen kwale-kwale. Mun yi sashe na farko na tafiya cikin nutsuwa, muna jin daɗin gunaguni na yanayi kuma muna sha'awar sihirin kogin da hazo ya rufe shi.
Akwai lokutan da mutum zai yi shiru kuma wannan ya kasance ɗayansu. Mun ci gaba sannu a hankali, yayin da muke adawa da na yanzu kuma muna neman raƙuman raƙuman ruwa da za su ba mu damar tallafawa tarkon da ke kan gadon kogin kuma don haka mu yunƙura da sauri. Hazo ba zai ragu ba, wanda ya annabta cewa zafin ranar zai yi tsanani. Da akwai rabin sa'a, sai hazo ya watse sannan zamu iya fahimtar yanayin wuri mai kyau. Heron da zapapicos tsuntsaye, papanes da tuliches, tare da tafiyarmu.
Tare da hasken rana, zamu iya ganin kasan kogin da kuma wasu nau'ikan kifi iri iri wadanda sukayi ta rusawa yayin da muke wucewa. A cikin wannan kogin, mazaunan bakin kogin galibi suna kifi don kifin kifi, tilapa, prawn, snook, carp, mullet da peje. Hakanan suna amfani da alfarmar yashi don cire yashi.
Bayan sa'a daya da mintina 40, sai muka hango inda muke nufa, abin da ya yi kama da tudu a sararin sama, shi ne mafi girman tsari na kayan tarihi. Don isa zuwa gare ta daga jirgi, mun bi ta cikin babban fili wanda ya bayyana a kowane mataki girman wurin.
Mai masaukin baki
A cikin palapa wanda ya ba da damar shiga garin pre-Hispanic, manajan archaeologist Guillermo Ahuja ne ya karbe mu, darektan aikin adana kayan tarihi na Tamtoc, wanda ya gaya mana cewa ba wai kawai yana da sha'awar ceton wurin da aka samo kayan tarihin ba ne, har ma da shigar da al'ummomin bakin kogin a cikin samar da karin ayyuka. Saboda haka, sha'awar ku don jin kwarewarmu game da yawon shakatawa. Sannan ya ba mu cikakken bayani game da aikin ceton shafin, yana mai jaddada babbar kimar sabbin abubuwan da aka samo. Aikin hakar rami bisa ƙa'ida ya fara ne a shekara ta 2001 (akwai wasu wuraren kuma da aka hako wani yanki a cikin 1960) kuma an buɗe wurin binciken kayan tarihi ga jama'a a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2006. A farkon 2005 ne aka bayyana sa'ar da aka samu na sassaka guda biyu. anthropomorphic tare da wakilcin mata, wanda zai sake yin tunani game da nazarin al'adun Mesoamerican da kuma fuskantar wasu ra'ayoyi, kamar wanda yake nuni da kasancewar al'adun Olmec a Arewacin Mexico.
Garin mata
Tamtoc birni ne na mata, kuma ba daidai bane saboda sun yi mulki, amma saboda kasancewar mace mai ƙarfi wanda za'a iya gani a wurin adana kayan tarihi. Ya isa a ambaci cewa fiye da 87% na ragowar da aka samo a cikin kabarin wurin ya dace da mata. Hakanan, daga cikin wakilcin anthropomorphic guda biyar a cikin mutum-mutumin da aka samo a yanzu a Tamtoc, ɗayan ne kawai ke da halayen halayen maza. Wannan yana nuna muhimmiyar rawar da mata suka taka a al'adun Huasteca.
Wannan shine yadda suke nuna mana wani gunki mai fasali uku wanda yake a tsakiyar palapa, wani yanki wanda za'a iya ɗauka na musamman a cikin nau'insa –tare da wasu da aka samo a Mesoamerica- saboda wakilcin a bayyane na jiki, baya, kashin baya, gindi da kuma Matsakaicin kwatangwalo, yana da kamanceceniya da samfurin siffofin da aka samo a Girka ta gargajiya, Rome ko Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Tsohon Birni
Kodayake wurin adana kayan tarihi yana da fadi sosai, kawai an bincika yanki kaɗan. Mun fara ziyartar manyan murabba'ai guda uku, inda zaku iya gani a sarari cikin manya-manyan gine-ginen, ƙarshen zagayen da yake yi a kan hanyoyin da ke tsakiyar matakalar, halaye na gine-ginen Huasteca.
Gine-ginen an daidaita su zuwa ga halittun samaniya ko taurari daban-daban, tunda wadanda ke zaune a wannan birni suna da babban ilimin falaki sabili da haka, game da kewayon aikin gona. Tabbacin wannan shine alamar hasken rana da aka samo a ɗayan murabba'ai. A ranakun karshe na watan Afrilu da ranakun farko na watan Mayu, rana tana sake fito da abin da ke nuna inuwar dutse a tsakiyar matakalar, wacce take wakilta a wancan lokacin, farkon shekarar noma.
Kafin mu kai ga babban bakin, mun ziyarci “Tomás, el Cinco Caracol”, kamar yadda masu binciken kayan tarihin shafin ke kiran shi da soyayya. Shi kadai ne mutum-mutumin mutum-mutumi a cikin Tamtoc, saboda duk da cewa an dawo da bangaren da ke kasa ne kawai, amma yana nuna wani babban azzakari wanda aka huda a matsayin sadaukar da kai, mai kamanceceniya da tatsuniyar halittar mutum, inda Quetzalcóatl, yana gangarawa zuwa lahira, yana huda gabobin hannu don cakuda shi da ƙasusuwan al'ummomin da suka gabata kuma don haka ya ɗauki mutum.
Dutse na lokaci
A ƙarshen yawon shakatawa sun sake samun wani abin mamaki a gare mu. Mallaka ne da ya wuce mita 7 tsayinsa da tsayin mita 4, wanda aka gano kwatsam a watan Fabrairun 2005, lokacin da aka fito da sifofi daga tsohuwar tashar jirgin ruwa. A lokacin ne aka sami gutsuttsura da gutsuttsurawa suna fitowa a saman ƙasa. Lokacin da suka fara tsabtacewa, sun lura cewa slab din ya fadada zuwa ciki, ya kai zurfin sama da mita 4. Abubuwan da aka samo ya zama ɗayan mafi sa'a da mahimmancin da aka samu game da wannan al'ada. Monaddamarwa ce kawai da aka ragargaza inda aka wakilci mata uku, biyu daga cikinsu sun bayyana fille kansa. Sauran halayen suna da fuskarka, wanda za a iya fassara shi a matsayin abin ƙyama ga duniya, kodayake shi ma yana da alaƙa da wannan sassaka, tare da ruwa da haihuwa. Hakanan, an sami nassoshi da yawa game da wata a cikin wannan tsarin - ƙari ga fuskantarwa -, wanda a farko ya ba da shawarar cewa kalandar wata ce. Koyaya, yayin gano abubuwan da suke yin amfani da rana kuma suka ba da jagora don fahimtar kalandar rana, an yi masa baftisma a matsayin Tamtoc Calendar Stone.
Koma zuwa kogin
Kafin mu dawo zuwa Sawmill kuma, mun yi amfani da damar don ziyarci Tampacoy, ɗayan al'ummomin tenek da aka haɗa a kewayen kogin. Wannan wurin zai zama yawo ne kan hanyar zuwa wurin adana kayan tarihi, inda kai tsaye zaka iya haduwa da al'ummomin kasar, su ci abinci, siyan kayan hannu ko kuma su kwana. Tare da rana ta riga ta fara haske, mun fara komawa Sawmill, amma a wannan lokacin mun sami damar ɗaukar halin yanzu a cikin ni'imarmu. Saboda haka, lokacin tafiyarmu ya kasance awa ɗaya kuma jagororinmu suna da rafting mafi annashuwa.
Anan kasadarmu ta ƙare, amma tebur da aka saita a gidan jagoranmu yana nan yana jiran mu. Tare da iyalinsa, a cikin sabo na bukkarsa, mun raba abincin da ya ɗanɗana kamar ɗaukaka. Mun gamsu da sake buɗe tsohuwar hanyar zuwa Tamtoc.
Tunanin isowarku cikin wannan birni mai ban al'ajabi wanda ke kewaye da hazo na Kogin Tampaón… kwarewar da ba za ku taɓa mantawa da ita ba.
Al'adun Tenek
Arean asalin asalin Mayan ne. A zamanin pre-Hispanic suna da ci gaban al'adu na farko, idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙungiyoyi a Mesoamerica. Duwatsu ko dandamali zagaye da aka yi da yumɓu da dutse, waɗanda aka gina haikalin a kansu, halaye ne na tsarin gine-ginen pre-Hispanic na Huasteca.
Baya ga kasancewa jarumai masu zafin rai, an banbanta su da kyawawan ɗakunan dutsen dutsen yashi, waɗanda aka sassaka ko a cikin kwaskwarima. Ofayan kyawawan sanannun misalan wannan aikin - ban da siffofin da aka samo a Tamtoc - shine Matashin Huastec. A yau, yawancin al'adun wannan al'ada suna raye, kamar bikin xanthan, don girmama mamacin.
Akwai yanki-nau'i-nau'i wanda yake da kamanceceniya sosai ga samfurin zane-zanen da aka samo a Girka ta gargajiya, Rome ko Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Tsarin an daidaita su zuwa ga jannati ko taurari daban-daban.
