Ya kasance shekara ta 1931 kuma Mexico tana fuskantar mahimman lokuta. Tashin hankali na juyin juya halin ya riga ya ƙare kuma ƙasar ta more darajar duniya a karo na farko, samfurin haɓakar kimiyya da fasaha.
Zamani ne na layin dogo, rediyon kwan fitila, har ma da kwalliyar kwalliya da mata masu ƙarfin gwiwa waɗanda ke neman a daidaita da maza. A wancan lokacin Don Alfonso Caso ya rayu.
Tun daga 1928, Don Alfonso, lauya kuma masanin kimiyya, ya zo Oaxaca, daga Mexico City, don neman amsoshin tambayoyinsa na kimiyya. Ina so in san asalin yan asalin yankin na yanzu. Yana son sanin menene manyan gine-ginen da za'a iya hangowa akan tsaunukan da aka sani da Monte Albán da kuma abin da suke.
A saboda wannan, Don Alfonso ya tsara wani aikin archaeological wanda ya kunshi farko da aka samu a cikin Great Plaza da kuma a cikin manyan mashahuran da suka kewaye shi; zuwa 1931 lokaci ya yi da za a gudanar da waɗancan ayyukan na dogon lokaci. Caso ya tara abokan aiki da ɗalibai da yawa, tare da kuɗaɗen sa da wasu abubuwan taimako ya fara binciken Monte Albán. Ayyukan sun fara ne a kan dandamalin Arewa, mafi girma kuma mafi girman hadaddun a cikin babban birni; da farko matattakalar tsakiya kuma daga nan ne rami zai amsa bukatun abubuwan da aka samo da kuma gine-ginen. Kamar yadda sa'a ta samu, a ranar 9 ga watan Janairu na waccan lokacin na farko, manoman sun kira Don Juan Valenzuela, mataimaki na Caso don su duba filin da garmar ta nutse. Bayan sun shiga rijiyar da wasu ma'aikata suka riga suka tsabtace, sun fahimci cewa suna fuskantar samfuran ban mamaki na gaske. A safiyar sanyin hunturu, an gano wata taska a cikin wani kabari a Monte Alban.
Kabarin ya zama na mutane masu mahimmanci, kamar yadda aka nuna ta kyawawan hadayu; an sanya masa suna tare da lamba 7 don dacewa da ita a jerin kaburburan da aka tono har zuwa wannan lokacin. Kabarin 7 an amince dashi a matsayin mafi kyawun abin nema a Latin Amurka a lokacinsa.
Abubuwan da ke ƙunshe sun ƙunshi kwarangwal da yawa na haruffa masu martaba, haɗi da wadatattun tufafi da kayan abubuwan sadaukarwa, a cikin jimillar sama da ɗari biyu, daga cikinsu akwai abin wuya, abin kunne, earan kunne, zobba, ƙwanƙwasa, tiara da sanduna, yawancin anyi shi da abubuwa masu daraja kuma galibi daga yankuna a wajen kwaruruka na Oaxaca. Daga cikin kayan da aka fitar zinariya, azurfa, tagulla, obsidian, turquoise, dutsen lu'ulu'u, murjani, ƙashi da kayan kwalliya, duk sunyi aiki tare da ƙwarewar gwaninta da kuma wasu dabaru masu ban sha'awa, kamar filigree ko murɗa da zaren zinare a cikin adadi. ban mamaki, wani abu da ba'a taɓa gani ba a Mesoamerica.
Nazarin ya nuna cewa Zapotecs na Monte Albán sun sake amfani da kabarin sau da yawa, amma mafi kyawun sadaka ya yi daidai da binne aƙalla haruffan Mixtec guda uku waɗanda suka mutu a kwarin Oaxaca a wajajen 1200 AD.
Bayan gano Kabarin 7, Alfonso Caso ya sami babban daraja kuma tare da wannan ya sami dama don inganta kasafin kuɗinsa da ci gaba da manyan binciken da ya shirya, amma har da jerin tambayoyi game da sahihancin abin da aka samo. . Ya kasance mai wadata da kyau sosai har wasu mutane suna tsammanin wannan wasan kwaikwayo ne.
Gano Babbar Plaza an yi shi ne a cikin yanayi goma sha takwas da aikin nasa ya ɗore, wanda ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masu kimiyyar kayan tarihi, masu gine-gine da kuma masana halayyar ɗan adam suka tallafa. Daga cikin wadannan akwai Ignacio Bernal, Jorge Acosta, Juan Valenzuela, Daniel Rubín de la Borbolla, Eulalia Guzmán, Ignacio Marquina da Martín Bazán, da kuma matar Caso, Misis María Lombardo, dukkansu mashahuran 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne a tarihin kayan tarihi na Oaxaca.
Kowane ɗayan gine-ginen an bincika ta ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata daga Xoxocotlán, Arrazola, Mexicapam, Atzompa, Ixtlahuaca, San Juan Chapultepec da sauran garuruwa, waɗanda wasu membobin ƙungiyar kimiyya suka umurta. Kayan da aka samo, kamar su duwatsun gini, kayan kwalliya, kashi, harsashi da abubuwa masu rufin asiri an raba su sosai don a kai su dakin gwaje-gwaje, tunda za su yi aiki ne don bincika ranakun aikin da yanayin gine-ginen.
Aiki mai wahala na rarrabuwa, nazari, da fassarar kayan ya ɗauki ƙungiyar Caso shekaru da yawa; ba a buga littafin kan Monte Albán tukwane ba sai a shekarar 1967, da kuma nazarin Kabari na 7 (El Tesoro de Monte Albán), shekaru talatin bayan gano shi. Wannan yana nuna mana cewa ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi na Monte Albán yana da kuma yana da aiki tuƙuru don haɓaka.
Kokarin Caso babu shakka ya cancanci hakan. Ta hanyar fassarar su mun sani a yau cewa an fara gina garin Monte Albán shekaru 500 kafin Kristi kuma yana da aƙalla lokutan gini guda biyar, waɗanda masana ilimin tarihi a yau ke ci gaba da kiran zamanin I, II, III, IV da V.
Tare da bincike, ɗayan babban aikin shine sake ginin gine-gine don nuna duk girman su. Don Alfonso Caso da Don Jorge Acosta sun sadaukar da ƙoƙari da yawa da adadi mai yawa na ma'aikata don sake gina ganuwar haikalin, fadoji da kaburbura, kuma ya ba su bayyanar da aka adana har zuwa yau.
Don fahimtar gari da gine-ginen sosai, sun gudanar da jerin zane-zane, daga tsare-tsaren yanayin ƙasa inda ake karanta siffofin tuddai da ƙasa, zuwa zane-zane na kowane gini da fuskokinsa. Hakanan, sun yi hankali sosai don zana duk abubuwan da ake yi, ma'ana, gine-ginen lokutan baya waɗanda suke cikin gine-ginen da muke gani yanzu.
Har ila yau, an yi wa tawagar Caso aikin gina wasu kayayyakin more rayuwa don su sami damar isa wurin kuma su rayu mako-mako a cikin kasa da aka tono, kayan tarihi, da kuma binnewa. Ma'aikatan sun shimfida kuma sun gina hanyar shiga ta farko wacce har yanzu ana amfani da ita a yau, da kuma wasu ƙananan gidaje waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin sansanoni yayin lokutan aiki; Hakanan dole ne su inganta shagunan ruwa su kwashe duk abincinsu. Ya kasance, ba tare da wata shakka ba, mafi zamanin soyayya na kayan tarihin Mexico.
