Gidan Tarihi na Soumaya ya zama babban wurin haduwa don zane-zane da al'adu a cikin garin Mexico, musamman bayan buɗe babban filin wasan ta Plaza Carso. Anan ga duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da gidan kayan gargajiya.
Menene Gidan Tarihin Soumaya?
Cibiyoyin al'adu ne masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke cikin garin Mexico, wanda ke nuna fasaha da tarin Tarihin Carlos Slim Foundation.
An ba shi suna ne bayan Doña Soumaya Domit, matar mai martaba ɗan ƙasar Mexico Carlos Slim Helú, wanda ya mutu a 1999.
Slim na ɗaya daga cikin mawadata a duniya kuma tushen da ke ɗauke da sunansa yana haɓaka shirye-shirye a fannonin kiwon lafiya, ilimi, al'adu, wasanni da sauransu.
Gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya yana da katanga guda biyu, daya a Plaza Carso dayan kuma a Plaza Loreto. Hedikwatar Plaza Carso ta zama gunkin gine-gine na garin Mexico City saboda ƙirar gaba da garde.
Me aka nuna a Plaza Loreto?
Hedikwatar Museo Soumaya - Plaza Loreto ita ce ta farko da aka buɗe wa jama'a, a cikin 1994. Wurin yana kan rukunin yanar gizo tare da tarihi, tunda yana daga cikin kwamitin da aka baiwa Hernán Cortés kuma wurin zama na injin niƙa na Martín Cortés , dan shahararren mai nasara.
Tun daga karni na 19, makircin ya kasance a cikin Loreto da Peña Pobre Paper Factory, wanda gobara ta lalata a cikin 1980s, bayan haka kuma Carlos Slim's Grupo Carso ya saye shi.
Museo Soumaya - Plaza Loreto yana da dakuna 5, wanda aka keɓe don fasaha da tarihin Meziko da Mesoamerican. A cikin ɗakuna 3 da 4 an baje kolin abubuwan kalandar na Meziko kuma ɗakin 3 an sadaukar dashi ga Mexico na karni na 19.
Menene shafin Plaza Carso yake bayarwa?
Hedkwatar Museo Soumaya de Plaza Carso tana cikin Nuevo Polanco kuma an ƙaddamar da shi ne a cikin 2011. Itsaƙƙarfan zanen sa ya fito ne daga allon zane na mai zane-zanen ɗan ƙasar Mexico Fernando Romero.
Romero ya samu shawara daga kamfanin Burtaniya na Ove Arup, marubucin Sydney Opera House da kuma Beijing National Aquatics Center; sannan kuma daga wani magidanci dan kasar Kanada Frank Gehry, wanda ya lashe kyautar Pritzker ta 1989, "Kyautar Nobel ta Gine-gine."
Gidan Tarihi na Soumaya - Plaza Carso yana da dakuna 6, wanda 1, 2, 3, 4 da 6 suka zama masu baje kolin nune-nune na dindindin kuma 5 na nunin lokaci.
Menene manyan tarin gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya?
Ofididdigar gidan kayan tarihin na Soumaya jigo ne ba na zamani ba, yana rarrabe samfuran tsoffin shugabannin Turai, Auguste Rodin, Impressionism da Avant-gardes, Gibran Kahlil Gibran Collection, Mesoamerican Art, Old Novohispanic Masters, 19th Century Mexico Mexication, Independent Mexico Landscape and Art Mexiko na karni na 20.
Sauran tarin ana nufin su Devampal Stamp, Miniatures da Reliquaries; Coins, Medals and Banknotes daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa na 20, aiyuka masu aiyuka; Fashion daga ƙarni na 18 zuwa na 20, Hoto; da Fasahar Kasuwanci na Ofishin Bugun Galas na Mexico.
Menene tsoffin shugabannin Turai suka wakilta a gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya?
Wannan tarin ya yi tafiya daga Gothic zuwa fasahar Neoclassical, ta hanyar Renaissance, Mannerism da Baroque, ta hanyar manyan mashahuran Italiyanci, Sifen, Jamusanci, Flemish da Faransa na ƙarni na 15 da 18.
'Yan Italiya Sandro Botticelli, El Pinturicchio, Filippino Lippi, Giorgio Vasari, Andrea del Sarto, Tintoretto, Tiziano da El Veronés suna cikin manyan fitattun.
Daga Makarantar Mutanen Espanya akwai ayyukan El Greco, Bartolomé Murillo, José de Ribera, Alonso Sánchez Coello da Francisco Zurbarán, daga cikin manyan mashahuran.
Flemish art yana nan ta hanyar wayon Peter Brueghel, Peter Paul Rubens, Antón van Dyck, da Frans Hals. Daga Jamus akwai ayyukan da Lucas Cranach na Tsoho da Matasa suke yi, kuma Faransawan suna tare da Jean-Honoré Fragonard da Gustave Doré, da sauransu.
Menene Rodin tarin?
A wajen Faransa babu wani wuri da zai fi dacewa da “mahaifin sassakawar zamani” kamar Gidan Tarihi na Soumaya.
Babban aikin Auguste Rodin shine Hellofar Jahannama, tare da Figures wahayi zuwa gare ta Allah Mai Ban Dariyaby Dante Alighieri; Furen muguntana Charles Baudelaire; Y Metamorphosisby Mazaje Ne
Rodin ba zai rayu ba ganin faranti nasa ya zama tagulla. An sanya wasu sifofin tagulla daga asalin filastar su, waɗanda aka adana su a cikin ƙasashe 6, gami da Mexico, a cikin Soumaya Museum, ta hanyar ayyuka kamar Mai Tunani, Kiss din Y Inuwa uku.
Wani sanannen aiki da Rodin ya gina wanda ke da gidan tarihin Soumaya shine samfurin farko da mai zane-zanen Paris ya yi don aikinsa na ban mamaki Burgarin Calais.
Me aka nuna a cikin Tasirin Tasirin Ra'ayoyi da kuma Avant-garde?
Wannan baje kolin an sadaukar da shi ne ga masu neman sauyi na fasaha; waɗanda suka ɓarke da raƙuman ruwa ta hanyar amfani da shawarwari na kirkire-kirkire waɗanda suka kasance farkon abin zargi da suka har ma da izgili, daga baya ya zama yanayin duniya.
Daga Tasirin ra'ayi akwai ayyukanta daga manyan mashahuranta Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, da Edgar Degas. Bayanan Bayani ya wakilta Vincent van Gogh da Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec; da Fauvism ta Georges Rouault, Raoul Dufy, da Maurice de Vlaminck.
Daga Cubism akwai Picasso kuma daga Makarantar Metaphysical, Giorgio de Chirico. Daga Surrealism, gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya yana nuna ayyukan Max Ernst, Salvador Dalí da Joan Miró.
Ina batun Gibran Kahlil Gibran?
Gibran Kahlil Gibran mawakin Lebanon ne, mai zane, marubuci kuma marubuci wanda ya mutu a 1931 a New York, a shekaru 48. An kira shi "mawaƙin gudun hijira."
Don Carlos Slim haifaffen Meziko ne, dan asalin Labanon, kuma ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa ya tara wani muhimmin aiki na aikin fitaccen ɗan kasarsa Gibran Kahlil Gibran.
Gidan adana kayan tarihin Soumaya yana adana tarin thean wasan, wanda ya hada da abubuwa, haruffa da kuma rubuce rubucensu Riba Y Mahaukaci, Ayyukan adabi biyu masu mahimmanci na Gibran.
Daga Gibran Kahlil Gibran, Gidan adana kayan tarihi na Soumaya shima yana sanya abin rufe fuskarsa, da zane-zanen mai da zane-zane.
Yaya tarin Mesoamerican Art?
Gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya yana nuna ayyukan ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya ta Cibiyar Nazarin Anthropology da Tarihin Meziko, wanda ya kasance na zamanin da, na zamani da na zamanin da na zamanin pre-Columbian a yammacin Mesoamerica.
Masks, gumakan yumbu, rubuce-rubucen kawuna, turaren ƙona turare, farantan wuta, braziers da sauran abubuwa an baje kolin su.
An kuma nuna aikin hoto da aikin gaskiya da ɗan wasan Sifen ɗin nan José Luciano Castañeda ya yi yayin Royal Expedition of Antiquities of New Spain, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin 1805 da 1807.
Me aka nuna game da Tsoffin Sabbin Masters na Hispanic?
Wannan baje kolin ya ƙunshi ayyukan Juan Correa, marubucin zanen Zato na Budurwa wanda yake a cikin Babban Gidan Katolika na Birnin Mexico; na Cristóbal de Villalpando na Meziko; da kuma babban maigidan New Spain na baroque, Miguel Cabrera, da sauransu.
Wannan fili na Gidan Tarihi na Soumaya shima yana dauke da zane-zane, zane-zane da sauran abubuwa ta wasu sabbin masu zane-zanen New Hispanic wadanda ba a sansu ba, da kuma ayyukan da wasu masu zane-zane suka yi daga sauran masarautar Masarautar Spain da ta kasance a Amurka a lokacin mulkin mallaka.
Yaya baje kolin da aka yi a hoton Mexico na Karni na XIX?
A cikin wannan tarin akwai manyan ayyukan da aka zana a cikin Meziko da manyan masu hoto daga sananniyar Real Academia de San Carlos, kamar Catalan Pelegrín Clavé y Roqué, da Texcocan Felipe Santiago Gutiérrez da Poblano Juan Cordero de Hoyos.
José María Estrada ne ya wakilci hoton asalin yanki mai tsabta kuma mashahurin aikin yana da alamar Guanajuato Hermenegildo Bustos, tare da zane-zanensa na manyan halayyar halayyar mutum.
A ƙarshe, akwai nau'in "Muerte Niña", wanda aka keɓe ga yara waɗanda suka mutu tun suna ƙarami, wanda ake kira "mala'iku" a cikin duniyar Hispanic.
Menene Yankin Mexicoasar Mexico mai zaman kansa ke da shi?
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan samun 'Yanci, shahararrun masu zane-zane sun isa Mexico waɗanda ke da tushe don ci gaban makarantar shimfidar ƙasa.
Wannan jerin sun hada da sunayen manyan masu zanen wuri kamar su British Daniel Thomas Egerton, sojan Amurka da mai zanan Conrad Wise Chapman, mai zanen Faransa kuma majagaban daukar hoto, Jean Baptiste Louis Gros; da kuma Bajamushe Johann Moritz Rugendas, wanda aka fi sani da Mauricio Rugendas.
Waɗannan mashahuran mashahuran sun yi wahayi zuwa ga fitattun almajirai, kamar su Italiyanci da ke zaune a Meziko, Eugenio Landesio; Luis Coto y Maldonado, daga Toluca, da José María Velasco Gómez, daga Cali.
Wadannan mashahurin gyaran shimfidar wuri suna da wakilci a cikin tarin Museo Soumaya mai zaman kansa Mexico Landscape tarin.
Me aka fallasa fasahar Mexico ta ƙarni na 20?
Tasirin turawan Turai da buri na al'umman Mexico, fasahohin kasar sun fashe sosai a karni na 20 ta hanyar manyan mutane kamar Murillo, Rivera, Orozco, Tamayo da Siqueiros.
Gidan kayan tarihin yana adana bango biyu da Rufino Tamayo da tarin hotunan mutum-mutumi da masu zane-zane na Mexico wadanda mallakar dan siyasar Tamaulipas ne kuma jami'in diflomasiyya Marte Rodolfo Gómez.
Wannan tarin kuma ya kunshi ayyukan G bynther Gerzso da José Luis Cuevas daga Mexico, Juan Soriano daga Guadalajara, José García Ocejo daga Veracruz da Francisco Toledo da Sergio Hernández daga Oaxaca.
Menene Alamar otionawainiya da atananan abubuwa da Reliquaries da aka nuna?
Fasahar buga takardu da aka haɓaka tsakanin ƙarni na 16 da farkon ƙarni na 19 ya kasance addini ne bisa ƙa'ida, tare da masu zane da ɗab'i irin su Joseph de Nava, Manuel Villavicencio, Baltasar Troncoso da Ignacio Cumplido, waɗanda suka yi amfani da dabarun intaglio, yanke itacen, zane da kuma rubutun lithography.
Wani fanni na fasaha mai ban sha'awa shi ne na yin karamomi da adana bayanai tare da goyan bayan hauren giwa, inda Antonio Tomasich y Haro, Francisco Morales, María de Jesús Ponce de Ibarrarán da Francisca Salazar suka yi fice.
Yaya tarin Coins, Medal da takardun kuɗi daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa na 20?
Yawancin zinare da azurfa da aka ciro daga wadatattun abubuwan tarihin New Spain a lokacin mulkin mallaka an tura su zuwa Spain a cikin hanyar ingots. Koyaya, an buɗe gidaje da yawa na keɓewa ko'ina cikin Meziko, tsabar tsabar kuɗi, yawancin waɗanda masu karɓar sirri da gidajen tarihi ke buƙata.
A cikin gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya akwai tarin tsabar kuɗi waɗanda ke ba da tarihin Mexico da yawa, gami da abin da ake kira Carlos da Juana, farkon abubuwan da aka fara amfani da su a cikin yankin Amurka.
Hakanan, akwai alamun tsabar tsaka-tsakin farko na mulkin Felipe V da waɗanda ake kira "masu gyaran gashi" daga lokacin Carlos III.
Hakanan, a cikin kayan tarihin kayan tarihin akwai tsabar kudi da na soja da lambobin yabo daga lokacin Daular Mexico ta Biyu da Republicans daga lokacin shigar Faransa.
Menene Abubuwan Aiwatar da Aiyuka suka nuna?
Har zuwa lokacin kai tsaye gabanin Samun 'Yancin na Mexico, Mataimakin Ganin Sabon Spain ya kasance hanyar cinikayyar Amurkawa tsakanin Turai da Asiya.
A wannan lokacin abubuwa da yawa sun iso Mexico, kamar cokula, mundaye, jakunkuna na banɗaki na Viennese, kayan kicin da sauran wasu abubuwa waɗanda a yanzu suka zama baje kolin kayan fasaha a gidan tarihin Soumaya.
Daga cikin mahimman abubuwa akwai tarin cokulan bajamushe mai karɓar bajakolin nan Ernesto Richheimer, munduwa mallakar Empress Carlota ta Mexico, matar Maximiliano de Habsburgo, da kayan ɗaki, akwatunan kiɗa, allo, agogo da kayan ado.
Menene a cikin kwalliyar Hotuna da Hotuna?
Gidan kayan gargajiya yana ba da yawo ta hanyar duniyar Mexico da salon Mexico tsakanin ƙarni na 18 da tsakiyar 20. Kuna iya sha'awar tufafin da aka yi da kayan kwalliya, damask, siliki, satin da karammiski; riguna, adon maza, kayan sawa, kayan kwalliya da kayan kwalliya.
A cikin kyakkyawar fagen al'ada da tufafin addini, akwai ayyuka tare da zaren juyawa, silsila, hular kwano, braids, trousseau, da murfin chalice, da sauransu.
Nunin hotunan ya haɗa da zane-zane, tintypes, platinotypes, collodions da albumins daga rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 19, da kuma kyamarori, hotunan hoto da hotunan manyan mutane har zuwa tsakiyar ƙarni na 20.
Menene baje kolin Arte Comercial de la Imprenta Galas de México yake nufi?
Galas de México shine babban mawallafin kalandar da sauran kayan kasuwanci don kasuwar Mexico da Latin Amurka, kusan tsakanin 1930s da 1970s.
Bayanin fasaha na lambobi shine aikin hadin gwiwar masu zane, masu zane, masu daukar hoto da kuma masu buga takardu, wanda aka nuna a cikin tarihi, rubutun gargajiya da ban dariya, shimfidar wurare da al'adu, ba tare da manta da samar da sha'awa ba.
Tarin kayan tarihin sun hada da kwafi, zane-zanen mai, korafe-korafe da fina-finan da manyan masu fasahar gine-gine na lokacin suka yi, da injina, kyamarori da sauran abubuwa.
Waɗanne ayyuka ne gidan kayan gargajiya ke aiwatarwa?
Gidan Tarihi na Soumaya ya haɓaka jerin shirye-shirye masu alaƙa da fasaha, nesa da nune-nunensa. Wadannan ayyukan sun hada da bita - kamar "Daga irin wannan sandar zuwa tsagewa", da nufin iyayen gijin masu zane da 'ya'yansu - amintattun fasaha da kide kide da wake-wake.
Daga cikin aiyukan da gidan kayan tarihin ke ba wa maziyarta sun hada da rangadi na makafi da na gani, samun damar karnukan jagora, masu fassarar yaren kurame da filin ajiye motoci.
Ina wuraren adana kayan tarihin kuma menene farashinsu da awowi?
Wurin Plaza Loreto yana kan Avenida Revolución da Río Magdalena, Eje 10 Sur, Tizapán, San Ángel. Yana buɗewa ga jama'a kowace rana, banda Talata, daga 10:30 AM zuwa 6:30 PM (Asabar zuwa 8 PM). Baƙi zuwa Plaza Loreto na iya yin kiliya a Calle Altamirano 46, Álvaro Obregón.
Wurin Plaza Carso yana Bulevar Cervantes Saavedra, kusurwar Presa Falcón, Ampliación Granada kuma ana buɗe shi kowace rana tsakanin 10:30 AM zuwa 6:30 PM.
Theofar shiga katanga biyu na gidan kayan tarihin Soumaya kyauta ne.
Muna fata cewa ziyararka zuwa Soumaya Museum yana da daɗi da koyarwa, da fatan za ku iya barin mana taƙaitaccen sharhi game da wannan rubutun da kuma kwarewar ku a cikin waɗannan kyawawan wurare don fasaha.
Yankin Mexico City
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