Idan muka yi la'akari da 'yan asalin ƙasar da ke magana da harshen asali - Huasteco, Totonac, Nahuatl, Otomí ko Tepehua - wannan adadin gabaɗaya yana wakiltar kashi 20 cikin ɗari kawai na yawan mutanen da ke zaune a Huasteca.
Mafi yawansu mestizos ne, ban da wasu halittun fararen fata da kuma wasu mulattoes a gabar tekun. Daga cikin 'yan asalin, yawan da ke magana da yaren Huasteco kadan ne kuma an iyakance shi da garuruwa da yawa a San Luis Potosí da Veracruz, yayin da a Hidalgo wannan yaren ya bace, kamar yadda sunayen asalin biranen suka kasance, wadanda aka sauya wa suna daidai da yaren. hegemonic, Nahuatl (Huejutla, Yahualica, Huautla, Jaltcan ...).
Yawancin sunayen Huastecan na yawan jama'a ana samun su a San Luis Potosí kuma suna farawa da prefix tam, wanda ke nufin “wuri” (Tamazunchale, Tamuín, Tamasopo…) Abin mamaki, jihar da kawai sunan ta Huastec ita ce Tamaulipas.
Waɗannan yanayin ba su hana ci gaban al'ada a cikin Huasteca tare da halaye na gari tsakanin yawancin kabilun asalin, waɗanda aka gauraya da halayen al'adun Sifen. Wannan keɓaɓɓiyar hanyar aiki tare ta haɓaka ma'anar mallakar Indiyawan da mestizos.
'Yan asalin ƙasar da ke magana da Nahuatl da Huasteco ana kiran su Huastecos, da mestizos waɗanda ba sa magana da yare, amma waɗanda ke raba al'adun gargajiya tare da Indiyawa, kamar kiɗan gargajiya da raye-raye.
Rawa
Kamar yadda yake a wasu yankuna na al'adu na ƙasar, raye-rayen Huastec suna gabatar da bambance-bambancen daban-daban, ya danganta da wurin, misali Tsacamson, wanda shi ne wanda aka saba gani a bukukuwan Tancanhuitz, amma kusan ba a san shi ba a wasu garuruwan. Politson yana rawa a cikin Tampate, musamman.
Akwai sauran raye-raye na yanki, kamar Gavilanes, kwatankwacin na voladores de Papantla; Wands, inda masu rawa suke kwaikwayon motsin dabbobi; Negritos, da Santiagos, da Xochitines har ma da shahararrun Matlachines na ƙasa.
Huapango yana bayar da rashin iyaka na bambance-bambancen karatu, kamar zapateados na Huasteca daga Veracruz, wanda ya bambanta da Potosina, inda suke saurin tafiya cikin sauri da sauri kuma saboda launin tufafi. Lokacin da ake rera Huapango, masu rawa ba sa taka; Suna kawai zame ƙafafunsu kaɗan, suna sake buga ƙwanƙwasawa har sai kiɗan ya katse.
Rawar Ribbons ko Ribbons na ɗaya daga cikin bayyanar Huastec na babban nunawa: ana rawa rawa biyu-biyu a da'ira, yayin da a tsakiyar saurayi ke ɗauke da sanda mai ɗauke da zaren launuka, ɗaya ga kowane mai rawa. Masu raye-raye suna yin jujjuyawar su kuma suna yin fure tare da zaren, wanda alama ce ta rayuwa; sa'annan suyi juyin halitta ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba don su sakar da adadi kuma su kasance kamar yadda suke a farko.
Kayan Huasteco
Abubuwan tunawa da mutanen Hispanic a cikin Huastecas sun wanzu cikin kyawawan kayan gargajiya na gargajiya. Suna da halaye da halaye kamar haka a San Luis Potosí, don kawo misali guda, ya zama kayan kwalliyar jihar. Wannan keɓaɓɓe ne na tufafin mata, saboda maza maza na Huastec sun kusan rasa al'adar sanya kayan gargajiya.
Rigar mata ta banbanta da quisquem ko cayem (a wasu yankuna na tasirin Nahuatl suna kiranta quechquemitl) wanda shine irin farin farin auduga mai ɗaci, mai sauƙi ko kwalliya kwalliya.
Saboda launinta yana da ban mamaki, kuma ya dogara da mahimman abubuwan da take ɗauke da su, idanun sani na iya rarrabe daga inda matar da ta sa ta ta fito. Zaka iya samun abubuwa kamar abarba, canhuitz ko furen soyayya, zomaye, turkey, sunan wani ko ma kwanan wata.
Hakanan quisquem yana da gejin ulu wanda ya dace da launuka na zane mai zane.
Sauran tufafin mata an yi su ne da tangle ko siket, wanda aka yi da farin bargo ya kai ƙasa zuwa gwiwa (a wasu biranen siket ɗin baƙar fata ne). Rigan na iya zama na furannin calico, ko artisela na launuka masu haske, ba gauraye ba. Satchel wata irin jaka ce da aka rataye a kafada ko wuya, kyautar baiwar Allah ce kuma a ciki mata suna ajiye labb ko buroshin gashi da tima ko gourd a fenti ja, inda suke ɗaukar ruwa su sha.
Salon gashi na matar Huasteca katako ne ko kambi, wanda aka kirkira shi da lozenges na gashi wanda aka lullubeshi da lozenges na stamen mai launi ɗaya. A saman salo na gyaran gashi, wasu mata suna amfani da bandana ko artisela gyale wanda ya faɗi baya.
Gundumar Aquismón tana da yawancin 'yan asalin ƙasar kuma babban abin jan hankalinsu shine suna riƙe da al'adar sanya kayan su na Huasteco da alfahari. Mutanen suna sanye da riga da bargon bargo, jan bandana a wuya, ɗamara mai launi, huaraches, hular dabino da ramuka biyu a ɓangaren sama da ake kira “duwatsu” da kuma jaka da aka yi da zapupe.
Hakanan mazan Mestizo suna sanya fararen shadda, wando da farin takalmi, musamman idan sun sha ado. Huaraches suna amfani da su duka a cikin aikinsu a cikin filin.
Addini da ayyukan jana'iza
Addini ya bayyana a cikin wasu abubuwan haɗin kai tsakanin Katolika da asalin asalinsu, inda har yanzu ana adana wani bautar rana da wata, wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin abubuwan maza da mata.
Ayyukan warkaswa na dā haɗe da ayyukan sihiri waɗanda mai warkarwa ko mayya ke yi suna da yawa, waɗanda suke amfani da rassa da ganyen tsire-tsire a cikin tsabtace su. Waɗannan ayyukan suna tare da raye-raye na kaɗa, guitar da kiɗa na jarana.
Dangane da bautar matattu, a cikin Huasteca bagadai ma na nunawa sosai, an shirya su a kan teburin da aka rufe da furannin marigold, giciye da hotunan tsarkaka da Budurwa. Tare da su ana sanya abinci don mamacin da zaƙi ga mala'iku, kamar su zaƙi da kokon kan kanwa.
