A halin yanzu fiye da kilomita 24,000 na layin dogo na ƙasa ya taɓa yawancin yankuna masu muhimmanci na tattalin arziki na Meziko, suna haɗa ƙasar zuwa arewa da iyakar Amurka, zuwa kudu da iyakar Guatemala, kuma daga gabas zuwa yamma zuwa yamma Gulf of Mexico tare da Pacific. Wannan ya samo asali ne sakamakon aikin dogon layin dogo, bisa la'akari da yawan sassauci da nau'ikan mallakar doka tare da shimfida layuka tare da halaye iri-iri na fasaha.
Layin dogo na farko a Mexico shine Railroad na Mexico, tare da babban birnin Ingilishi, daga Mexico City zuwa Veracruz, ta hanyar Orizaba kuma tare da reshe daga Apizaco zuwa Puebla. An buɗe shi, gaba ɗaya, Shugaba Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, a cikin Janairu 1873. A ƙarshen 1876, layin dogo ya kai kilomita 679.8.
A wa'adin farko na gwamnatin Shugaba Porfirio Díaz (1876-1880), an inganta aikin shimfida layin dogo ta hanyar rangwame ga gwamnatocin jihohi da mutanen Mexico, ban da waɗanda Gwamnatin ke gudanarwa kai tsaye. A karkashin rangwame ga gwamnatocin jihohi, an gina layin Celaya-León, Omestuco-Tulancingo, Zacatecas-Guadalupe, Alvarado-Veracruz, Puebla-Izúcar de Matamoros da Mérida-Peto.
A karkashin rangwame ga mutanen Mexico, layukan Railway na Hidalgo da layin Yucatan sun yi fice. Ta hanyar gudanarwar jihar kai tsaye, Esperanza-Tehuacán National Railroad, Puebla-San Sebastián Texmelucan National Railroad da Tehuantepec National Railroad. Daga baya, yawancin waɗannan layukan za su zama ɓangare na manyan titunan jirgin ƙasa, ko kuma su haɗu da Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México a wani lokaci na gaba.
A cikin 1880, an bai wa masu saka hannun jari na Arewacin Amurka wasu rangwamen layin dogo guda uku, tare da kowane irin kayan aiki don ginawa da shigo da hajoji da kayan aiki, wanda ya ba da hanyar Railroad ta Tsakiya, da Railroad na ƙasa, da kuma Railroad na Internationalasa. A ƙarshen lokacin farko na gwamnatin Díaz, a 1880, hanyar jirgin ƙasa da ke ƙarƙashin ikon tarayya tana da nisan kilomita 1,073.5.
Daga baya, a cikin shekaru huɗu na gwamnatin Manuel González, an ƙara kilomita 4,658 zuwa cibiyar sadarwar. Central ta kammala sashinta zuwa Nuevo Laredo a cikin 1884 kuma Nacional ta ci gaba a sassanta daga arewa zuwa tsakiya da kuma akasin haka. A wannan shekarar cibiyar sadarwar tana da hanya mai tsawon kilomita 5,731.
Dawowar Porfirio Díaz da dawwamar da shi daga mulki daga 1884 zuwa 1910 sun ƙarfafa faɗaɗa hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da wuraren saka jari na ƙasashen waje. A cikin 1890 an gina hanya mai tsawon kilomita 9,544; 13,615 kilomita a 1900; da 19,280 km a 1910. Babban layukan dogo sune masu zuwa: Central Railroad, babban birnin Arewacin Amurka. Tallafin da aka baiwa kamfanin Boston na Achison, Topeka, Santa Fe. Layin tsakanin Mexico City da Ciudad Juárez (Paso del Norte). An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1884 tare da reshe zuwa Pacific ta hanyar Guadalajara da kuma wani zuwa tashar Tampico ta hanyar San Luis Potosí. An ƙaddamar da reshe na farko a cikin 1888 kuma na biyu a 1890. Sonora Railroad, na babban birnin Arewacin Amurka. A cikin aiki tun 1881, an ba da izinin zuwa Achison, Topeka, Santa Fe. Layin daga Hermosillo zuwa Nogales, kan iyaka da Arizona. Jirgin kasa, na babban birnin Arewacin Amurka, daga Mexico City zuwa Nuevo Laredo. An ƙaddamar da layin akwatinsa a cikin 1888. Daga baya tare da siyan hanyar Railway ta Kudu Michoacan, an faɗaɗa ta zuwa Apatzingán kuma tana da alaƙa da Matamoros zuwa arewa. An kammala shi gabaɗaya a cikin 1898. Railroad na ƙasa, na babban birnin Arewacin Amurka. Layi daga Piedras Negras zuwa Durango, inda ya isa a 1892.
A cikin 1902, tana da reshe ga Tepehuanes. Railway Railway, na babban birnin Ingilishi. Layi daga Mexico City zuwa Veracruz, ta Jalapa. Tare da reshe zuwa Izúcar de Matamoros da Puente de Ixtla. Ferrocarril Mexicano del Sur, wanda aka ba da izini ga 'yan ƙasa, a ƙarshe aka gina shi da babban birnin Ingilishi. Layin da ke zuwa daga garin Puebla zuwa Oaxaca, yana wucewa ta Tehuacán. An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1892. A cikin 1899 ya sayi reshe daga Tehuacán zuwa Esperanza daga Railroad na Mexico. Railway ta Yamma, na babban birnin Ingilishi. Layi daga tashar jirgin ruwan Altata zuwa Culiacán a cikin jihar Sinaloa. Railway Kansas City, Mexico da Oriente, na babban birnin Arewacin Amurka. Hakkokin da aka saya daga Alberto K. Owen a cikin 1899. Layi daga Topolobampo zuwa Kansas City wanda kawai ya sami nasarar ƙarfafa hanyar daga Ojinaga zuwa Topolobampo, tare da ginin da S.C.O.P. na hanyar jirgin kasa ta Chihuahua-Pacific daga 1940 zuwa 1961.
Ferrocarril Nacional de Tehuantepec daga tashar Salina Cruz a Tekun Pacific zuwa Puerto México (Coatzacoalcos) a Tekun Mexico. Da farko mallakar babban birnin jihar ne, a cikin 1894 kamfanin Ingilishi Stanhope, Hamposon da Crothell suka ɗauki nauyin ginin ta, tare da mummunan sakamako. A cikin 1889 Pearson da Son Ltd. ne ke da alhakin sake gina shi.Wannan kamfanin ya haɗu a cikin 1902 tare da gwamnatin Mexico don aikin hanyar jirgin ƙasa. A cikin 1917 an daina kwangila da Pearson kuma gwamnati ta karɓi layin, aka haɗa ta zuwa National Railways na Mexico a 1924. Railroad na Mexico na Mexico, tare da babban birnin Arewacin Amurka. Layi daga Guadalajara zuwa Manzanillo ta hanyar Colima. An kammala shi a cikin 1909. Kudancin Pacific Railroad, na rukunin Arewacin Amurka na Kudancin Pacific. Samfurin sashin layi da yawa. Ya tashi daga Empalme, Sonora, kuma ya isa Mazatlán a cikin 1909. A ƙarshe layin ya isa Guadalajara a cikin 1927.
Ferrocarriles Unidos de Yucatán, wanda businessan kasuwar yankin suka ba da kuɗi. An hade su a cikin 1902 tare da hanyoyin jirgin kasa daban-daban da ke yankin. Sun kasance suna keɓe daga sauran layukan jirgin ƙasa har zuwa 1958, tare da faɗaɗa reshen Mérida zuwa Campeche da haɗin ta da Railroad na Kudu maso Gabas. Rail-American Railroad, wanda da farko mallakar babban birnin Amurka da gwamnatin Mexico a ɓangarori daidai. Ya haɗa kan iyaka da Guatemala, a cikin Tapachula da San Jerónimo, tare da Nacional de Tehuantepec suna wucewa ta Tonalá. An kammala ginin a shekarar 1908. Railway Northwest na Mexico, yana aiki a 1910. Daga Ciudad Juárez zuwa La Junta a cikin jihar Chihuahua. Daga baya an haɗa su zuwa cikin Chihuahua-Pacific, kudu maso gabashin Mexico, wani ɓangare na yankin tsakiyar Pacific, yankin Baja California, yankin Chihuahua Sierra, wani ɓangare na Sonora da takamaiman yankuna a cikin kowane jihohin har yanzu suna jiran.
A cikin 1908 an haife layin dogo na ƙasar Mexico tare da haɗin kan na tsakiya, na andasa da na roasashen Duniya (tare da ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyin da ke nasa: Hidalgo, Noroeste, Coahuila y Pacífico, Mexicano del Pacífico). Nationalasashen Mexico suna da titin jirgin ƙasa masu nisan kilomita 11,117 a cikin ƙasa.
A cikin 1910 juyin juya halin Mexico ya ɓarke, yayi yaƙi akan titunan jirgin ƙasa. A lokacin gwamnatin Francisco I. Madero cibiyar sadarwar ta haɓaka kilomita 340. Zuwa 1917 sassan Tampico-El Higo (14.5 km), Cañitas-Durango (147 km), Saltillo al Oriente (17 kilomita) da Acatlán a Juárez-Chavela (15 kilomita) an kara su zuwa cibiyar sadarwar Nationals ta Mexico.
A cikin 1918 hanyar sadarwar jirgin ƙasa ƙarƙashin ikon tarayya sun kai kilomita 20,832. Jihohin, a nasu bangaren, suna da kilomita 4,840. Zuwa 1919 cibiyar sadarwar tarayya ta karu zuwa kilomita 20,871.
Tsakanin shekara ta 1914 zuwa 1925, an gina ƙarin hanyoyi masu nisan kilomita 639.2, an ɗaga kilomita 238.7, an gyara wasu layuka kuma an tsara sabbin hanyoyi.
A cikin 1926 an dawo da sasashen Mexico ga tsoffin masu su, kuma an ƙirƙiri Hukumar Rimar Ingantawa da Valimar Masu Lalacewar. Masu hannun jari masu zaman kansu sun karɓi hanyar sadarwar ƙasa tare da ƙarin hanyoyin kilomita 778.
A cikin 1929, aka sake tsara kwamitin sake fasalin hanyoyin jirgin kasa, wanda Plutarco Elías Calles ke shugabanta. A wancan lokacin, an fara aikin shimfida layin dogo na yankin Pas-Pacific wanda ya hada Nogales, Hermosillo, Guaymas, Mazatlán, Tepic da Guadalajara. Bugu da kari, an samu ci gaba a kan layin da zai mamaye jihohin Sonora, Sinaloa da Chihuahua.
A farkon shekarun 1930, kasar tana da hanyoyi masu nisan kilomita 23,345. A cikin 1934, tare da zuwan Lázaro Cárdenas zuwa shugabancin jamhuriya, wani sabon matakin shiga Jiha a cikin ci gaban layin dogo ya fara, wanda ya hada da kirkira a waccan shekarar ta kamfanin Lineas Férreas SA, da nufin neman , don gina da aiki da kowane irin layin dogo da kuma gudanar da Nacional de Tehuantepec, Veracruz-Alvarado da gajeren layuka biyu.
A cikin 1936 an kirkiro General Directorate of Construction na Ferrocarriles SCO.P., mai kula da kafa sabbin layukan dogo, kuma a cikin 1937 an kwace National Railways na Mexico azaman kamfanin amfanin jama'a.
Ruhun gini don wadata kasar da ingantaccen hanyar jirgin kasa - gami da, misali, yankunan da tattalin arzikinsu ya kasance bayan shimfida farko - ya ci gaba a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Daga 1939 zuwa 1951, aikin gina sabbin layukan dogo da tarayyar ta yi ya kai kilomita 1,026, sannan kuma gwamnati ta sayi layin dogo na Mexico, wanda ya zama cibiyoyin kula da harkokin jama'a.
Manyan layukan da tarayyar ta gina tsakanin 1934 da 1970 sune masu zuwa: Layin Caltzontzin-Apatzingán a cikin jihar Michoacán zuwa Pacific. An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1937. Sonora-Baja California Railroad 1936-47. Yana farawa daga Pascualitos a cikin Mexicali, ya ratsa hamadar Altar kuma ya shiga Punta Peñasco tare da Hillamín Hill, inda Kudancin-Pacific Railroad ya haɗu. Kudu maso Gabashin Railway 1934-50. Wani bangare na tashar jirgin ruwa ta Coatzacoalcos zuwa Campeche. Yana haɗuwa da Unidos de Yucatán a cikin 1957 tare da faɗaɗa reshen Mérida-Campeche. Chihuahua al Pacífico Railroad 1940-61. Bayan hada layuka a cikin rayuwa tun daga karni na 19 da kuma gina sabbin bangarori, zai fara ne a Ojinaga, Chihuahua, kuma ya ƙare zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Topolobampo, Sinaloa. A cikin shekarun 1940 zuwa 1950, an gudanar da mahimman ayyuka akan faɗaɗa hanyoyi, gyara layuka da zamanantar da sadarwa, musamman akan layin Mexico-Nuevo Laredo.
A cikin 1957 aka ƙaddamar da hanyar Railway ta Campeche-Mérida kuma aka gina sassan Izamal-Tunkás a matsayin ɓangare na Unidos de Yucatán, da Achotal-Medias Aguas don magance zirga-zirga daga Veracruz zuwa Isthmus. A wannan shekarar, ayyukan da ke kan Michoacán el Pacífico Railway sun ci gaba, suna barin Coróndiro zuwa tashar Pichi, kusa da Las Truchas. Kari akan haka, an kammala reshen San Carlos-Ciudad Acuña, wanda ya hada wannan garin iyaka a Coahuila a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta kasa.
A cikin 1960 Railroad na Mexico ya shiga Nationalasashen Mexico. A cikin 1964 akwai wasu hukumomin gudanarwa guda goma a cikin layin dogo a cikin ƙasar. Tsawon hanyar sadarwar ya kai kilomita 23,619, wanda 16,589 na Nationalasashen Mexico ne.
A cikin 1965 tarayyar ta karɓi hanyar jirgin Nacozari. A cikin 1968 an kirkiro Hukumar Kula da Kula da Sufuri kuma an kafa harsashin haɗin kan jirgin ƙasa na ƙasa. A watan Agusta na wannan shekarar, hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Kudu maso Gabas da Yungiyar Railway ta United Yucatan sun haɗu.
A watan Fabrairun 1970, an mika layin Coahuila-Zacatecas ga Nationalan ofasa na Mexico, kuma a cikin watan Yuni ya sayi layin dogo na Tijuana-Tecate, don haka ya kammala rarraba layin dogo a cikin Mexico, aikin da aka fara kamar yadda aka ambata. a farkon karni. Hakanan a wannan shekarar an sabunta hanyar kuma an gyara layuka daga babban birni zuwa Cuatla da San Luis Potosí, da kuma layin zuwa Nuevo Laredo.
A cikin shekarun tamanin, aikin layin dogo an fi mayar da hankali ne kan zamanintar da hanyoyi, sadarwa da kayayyakin more rayuwa, gyara gangare da tsara sabbin layuka.
Kudaden da aka karɓa daga rangwamen da kuma alƙawarin saka hannun jari masu zaman kansu a cikin shekaru 5 masu zuwa Railimar Railroad da aka biya (miliyoyin daloli) Zuba jari a cikin shekaru 5 (miliyoyin daloli) Daga Northeast 1, 384678 North Pacific * 527327 Coahuila-Durango 2320 Daga Kudu maso gabas 322 278 Jimlar 2 , 2561,303 * Ya hada da gajeren layi Ojinaga- Topolobampo.
