A 'yan watannin da suka gabata, mambobin kungiyar Cuauhtémoc City Speleology Group (GEL), Chihuahua, sun gayyace ni in shirya gangarowar gangarowa zuwa kan bangon dutse na ruwan Basaseachi, wanda shi ne mafi girma a kasarmu kuma ana ganin shi ɗayan kyawawan kyawawa a duniya. Al'amarin ya ba ni sha'awa sosai, don haka kafin in fara shiri sosai game da zuriyata, na sadaukar da kaina ga neman bayanai game da shafin.
Mafi tsoffin bayanai da na samo game da wannan kyakkyawan ambaliyar ruwan ya samo asali ne daga karshen karnin da ya gabata, kuma ya bayyana a cikin littafin The Unknown Mexico na mai binciken dan kasar Norway Karlo Lumholtz, wanda ya ziyarce shi a lokacin rangadinsa na Sierra Tarahumara.
Lumholtz ya ambaci cewa "wani masanin hakar ma'adinai daga Pinos Altos wanda ya auna tsayin ruwan, ya gano ƙafa 980." Wannan ma'aunin da aka wuce zuwa mitoci yana ba mu tsawo na 299 m. A cikin littafin nasa, Lumholtz a takaice ya bayyana kyawun shafin, tare da gabatar da hoton ruwan da aka dauka a shekarar 1891. A cikin littafin Chihuahua Geographical and Statistical Review, wanda aka buga a 1900 ta dakin karatun C. Bouret Widow, shi ne sanya digo na 311 m.
Fernando Jordán a cikin mujallar sa ta Crónica de un País Bárbaro (1958) ya ba ta tsayin 310 m, kuma a cikin kundin tsarin ƙasa wanda mai sayar da littattafan "La Prensa" ya shirya a cikin 1992, an ba shi girman 264 m. Na sami karin bayanai da yawa game da ambaliyar ruwa kuma a galibinsu suna cewa faduwar ruwanta ta kai 310 m; wasu ma sun ambata cewa ya auna 315 m.
Wataƙila ɗayan ingantattun littattafan da na samo shi ne National Parks na Arewa Maso Gabashin Meziko na Ba'amurke Richard Fisher, wanda aka buga a 1987, inda aka ambaci cewa masanin ƙasa Robert H. Schmidt ya auna ruwan ya ba shi tsayin ƙafa 806, ko ƙafa 246. m. Wannan bayanan na ƙarshe sun sanya Basaseachi a matsayin ruwa na ashirin a duniya kuma na huɗu a Arewacin Amurka.
Ganin irin wannan sabanin a cikin ma'aunin, sai na gabatarwa mambobin kungiyar GEL cewa muyi amfani da gangarowar da muke magana akai don auna tsayin ruwan kwalliya don haka kawar da shakku game da wannan bayanan; shawarar da aka karɓa nan da nan.
CIUDAD CUAUHTÉMOC GROUP
Gayyatar wannan zuriya ya zama mai kayatarwa a gare ni tunda ɗayan tsofaffi kuma masu ƙarfi game da masaniyar masaniya ne suka yi shi a cikin Meziko, wanda nake sha'awar musayar ƙwarewa da bincike. Wannan rukunin ya fara ne a shekarar 1978 a karkashin himma da himma da yawa daga masu yawon bude ido da masu bincike daga Cuauhtémoc, waɗanda suka sanya manufar su ta farko don yin zuriya zuwa kyakkyawar Sótano de las Golondrinas, a San Luis Potosí (makasudin da aka cimma tare da babban rabo). Dokta Víctor Rodríguez Guajardo, Oscar Cuán, Salvador Rodríguez, Raúl Mayagoitia, Daniel Benzojo, Rogelio Chávez, Ramiro Chávez, Dr. Raúl Zárate, Roberto “el Nono” Corral da José Luis “el Casca” Chávez, da sauransu, sune farkon kuma Drivingarfin motsawar da ke bayan wannan rukuni wanda ke ci gaba da aiki cikin bincike da tafiye-tafiye, ƙarfafawa da haɓaka ilimin kyawawan abubuwan ƙasa na jihar Chihuahua. Bugu da kari, majagaba ce a duk jihohin arewacin kasar.
Daga ƙarshe mun bar Cuauhtémoc zuwa Basaseachi a yammacin 8 ga Yuli. Mun kasance babban rukuni, mutane 25, tunda muna tare da dangi, mata da yara da yawa na membobin GEL, saboda wannan balaguron na iya haɗuwa sosai da dangin saboda abubuwan da ake da su yanzu a cikin Basaseachi National Park.
KASADA GASKIYA TA FARA
A tara muka tashi daga 7 na safe don aiwatar da dukkan shirye-shirye don sauka. Tare da igiyoyi da kayan aiki mun matsa zuwa gefen ruwan. Godiya ga ruwan sama da ya faɗo sosai a cikin tsaunuka, yana ɗaukar babban ruwa wanda ya faɗi ƙwarai zuwa farkon canyon Candameña.
Mun yanke shawarar kafa babban layin zuriya a wani wuri wanda yake kusan 100 m sama da dama daga mahangar, kuma kusan 20 m sama da ruwan. Wannan mahimmin abu ne mai kyau don sauka, tunda banda na farkon 6 ko 7, faɗuwar kyauta ce. A can muka sanya igiya mai tsayin mita 350. Muna kiran wannan hanyar GEL.
Kodayake hanyar GEL tana da kyau kuma tana gabatar da kyawawan ra'ayoyi game da ruwan, amma mun yanke shawarar kafa wani layin zuriya wanda yake kusa da rafin domin samun damar ɗaukar hoto. Don wannan, kawai mun sami zaɓi ɗaya wanda yake kusan 10 m daga farkon ruwan. Saukowa daga wannan ɓangaren yana da kyau, kawai daga tsakiyar faduwar jirgin ya rufe hanyar jirgin, tunda yana faɗaɗa yayin sauka.
A wannan hanyar ta biyu, muna kafa igiyoyi biyu, ɗaya daga cikin 80 m wanda shine inda mai binciken da zai yi aiki a matsayin samfuri zai sauko, da kuma wata ta 40 wacce mai ɗaukar hoton zai sauko. Wannan hanyar bata isa gindin ruwan ba kuma muna kiranta "hanyar daukar hoto".
Wanda ya fara yin zuriya shine saurayi Víctor Rodríguez. Na bincika duk kayan aikin sa kuma na raka shi a farkon tafiyarsa. Tare da nutsuwa sosai ya fara gangarowa kaɗan kaɗan ya ɓace a cikin girman faduwar.
A bayan fage muna da ƙaramar lego da farkon Kogin Candame thata wanda ke ratsa ta bangon a tsaye na maɓallin sunan iri ɗaya.Bayan Víctor, Pino, Jaime Armendáriz, Daniel Benzojo da Ramiro Chávez sun sauko. Saukowa cikin rappelling a faduwa na wani girman kamar wannan, muna yin shi da sauƙi da ƙaramar na'urar da muke kira "marimba" (saboda kamanceceniya da kayan kiɗan da aka faɗi), wanda ya dogara da ƙa'idar taƙaddama akan kebul.
Marimba tana ba da damar tsananin tashin hankali ya banbanta ta yadda mai bincike zai iya sarrafa saurin gangarowarsa cikin sauki, tare da sanya shi jinkiri ko saurin yadda ake so.
Kafin Víctor ya gama zuriyarsa, ni da Oscar Cuán mun fara sauka layuka biyu da muka sanya a kan hanyar ɗaukar hoto. Oscar shine samfurin kuma ni mai daukar hoto ne. Abin birgewa ne kwarai da gaske don sauka kusa da babban rafin ruwa kuma ga yadda ya faɗi da ƙarfi kuma ya faɗi bangon dutse.
Dokokin Zinare
Kamar karfe 6 na yamma Mun gama aikin wannan ranar kuma mun shirya wadataccen wadatar discada (abincin ƙasar Chihuahuan sosai) a matsayin abincin dare. Tunda yawancin abokai na GEL suna tare da matansu da yaransu, muna da lokutan jin daɗi tare dasu.
Na yi matukar farin ciki da ganin yadda GEL take hade da tallafi da take samu daga dangin ta. A zahiri, falsafar sa an taƙaita shi a cikin ƙa'idodi guda uku na ƙaunataccen yanayi: 1) Abin da kawai ya rage shine sawun sawun. 2) Abinda kawai yake kashe shine lokaci. 3) Abinda kawai aka dauka shine hotuna.
Sun gaya mani cewa a lokuta da dama sun isa wurare masu nisa wadanda basuda matsala kuma idan sun tashi sai su kwashe dukkan shara, suna kokarin barin su kamar yadda suka same su, tsafta, mara kyau, ta yadda idan wani rukuni zai ziyarce su , Zan ji daidai da su; cewa babu wanda ya taɓa zuwa can kafin.
A ranar 10 ga Yuli, ranar ƙarshe da muka tsaya a wurin shakatawa, mutane da yawa za su bi hanyar GEL. Kafin fara abubuwan motsawar, na tattara kebul na 40 m daga hanyar ɗaukar hoto kuma na sanya shi a kan hanyar GEL don samun damar yin wasu zuriya mafi kyau kuma ɗaukar hoto mafi kyau. Wanda ya fara sauka shine José Luis Chávez.
Koyaya, 'yan mintoci kaɗan bayan fara zuriyarsa ya yi mini tsawa kuma nan da nan na sauka kebul na 40 zuwa inda yake, wanda yake 5 ko 6 m ƙasan tekun. Lokacin da na isa wurinsa sai na ga cewa kebul yana gogewa da ƙarfi a kan dutsen wanda ya riga ya fasa dukkan rufin da ke kariya kuma ya fara shafar ainihin igiyar; lamarin ya kasance mai matukar hadari.
Kafin mu fara aiki a yau, na bincika 'yan mitoci na farko na kebul daidai don gano duk wani rikici, amma, wanda muke da shi a wannan lokacin ba a iya gani daga sama. José Luis bai ga kwalliyar ba har sai da ya riga ya ratsa ta, don haka nan da nan ya sanya inshorar kai a saman rub ɗin, ya fara abubuwan motsa jiki don dawowa.
Lokacin da dukkanmu muka hau kuma muka katse daga igiyoyi, sai muka ɗaga bangaren kiwo muka ci gaba. Beenaddamarwar ta samo asali ne ta hanyar kaifin hankali amma mai kaifi wanda ba za a iya kauce masa ba, don haka muka sanya mai jan hankali don kauce wa sabon rikici a kan igiyar. Daga baya ya gama zuriyarsa ba tare da manyan matsaloli ba.
Bayan José Luis, Susana da Elsa sun sauko, duka 'ya'yan Rogelio Chávez, waɗanda ke da sha'awar yin yawo da bincike, kuma suna ƙarfafa su sosai. Dole ne su kasance tsakanin shekaru 17 zuwa 18. Kodayake sun yi fyaden a da, wannan shi ne asalinsu na farko kuma suna da matukar shauki, mahaifinsu ya goyi bayan shi, wanda shine ya bincika duk kayan aikin su. Na gangara igiya 40 m tare da su don taimaka musu a ɓangaren farko kuma ɗaukar hoto na zuriya.
Bayan Elsa da Susana, Don Ramiro Chávez, kakansu na wajen uba, ya gangaro. Don Ramiro, saboda dalilai da yawa, mutum ne na kwarai. Ba tare da tsoron yin kuskure ba, ba tare da wata shakka ba shi ne ƙarami mafi ƙanƙanta wanda ya sauko cikin ruwan, kuma ba daidai ba saboda shekarunsa tun yana ɗan shekara 73 (wanda ba da alama ba), amma saboda ruhunsa, himma da son rayuwa.
Da zarar Don Ramiro ya sauko, to nawa ne. Yayin da na sauka, da wani abin kara sai na gyara matakin igiyar a daidai inda ruwan ya fara sai na bar alama domin in iya auna girman girman faduwar ruwa daidai. Na ci gaba da sauka kuma duk lokacin da nake da shi a gabana wahayin faduwa, abin ban mamaki ne! Dole ne in ga bakan gizo da yawa wanda iska ke gudu daga rafin ruwa.
Lokacin da na isa kasa, Cuitláhuac Rodríguez ya fara zuriyarsa. Yayin da nake jiran sa, na kasance cikin farin ciki da kallon da nake da shi a ƙafafuna. Lokacin fadowa, ambaliyar ruwa takan samar da tabki wanda yake da wahalar tunkarar shi saboda koyaushe yana fuskantar karfin iska da iska. Akwai manyan duwatsu masu duwatsu masu samar da zaizayar kasa ta millenary kuma komai ya rufe da ciyawa da kuma kyakkyawan ƙaramin gansakuka mai zurfin gaske a cikin radius kusan 100 m. Sannan akwai gandun daji, mai tsada da kyau saboda gaskiyar cewa ba ta kasance ƙarƙashin farautar ɗan adam ba.
Lokacin da Cuitláhuac ya iso, sai muka fara sauka cikin koguna, tunda dole ne mu tsallaka don mu ɗauki hanyar da ke hawa zuwa saman ruwan. Koyaya, tsallakawa ya bamu ɗan aiki saboda tashar ta ɗan girma kuma ta ci gaba da girma. Hau sama a tsaye kuma tafi tsakanin manyan pines, táscates, alder, bishiyoyin strawberry, bishiyoyi da sauran kyawawan bishiyoyi.
Karfe 6 na yamma idan muka hau saman; Dukkanin igiyoyi da kayan aikin an riga an tattara su kuma kowa yana cikin sansanin, ya ɗaga shi kuma ya shirya bugun ban kwana. Idan wani abu ya dauke hankalina, to membobin GEL din suna son cin abinci sosai, kuma na saba da yin "faquireadas".
Da zarar mun gama cin abincin sai muka ci gaba da auna ma'aunin gangarowa tsakanin alamomin da aka sanya domin sanin daidai gwargwadon ruwan ruwan na Basaseachi. Wannan ya zama 245 m, wanda ya yarda da ma'aunin da masanin ilimin ƙasa Schimdt ya ruwaito na 246m.
Kafin na koma Cuauhtémoc, na tafi don yin bankwana da ruwan, don sake yaba da kyawunta da kuma yin godiya saboda an ba mu dama ta kasancewa tare da shi kuma muna more ta sosai. Ruwan sama ya riga ya tsaya na dogon lokaci kuma daga ƙasan kwarin da bakin kwari hazo yana sannu a hankali wanda ke haɗuwa da iska.
