Gabas Garin Sihiri Oaxaca yana da tarin arziƙin ƙasa kuma yana da wasu manyan abubuwan jan hankali da muke son raba muku ta wannan cikakken jagorar.
1. Yaya zan isa San Pablo Villa Mitla?
San Pablo Villa Mitla, ko kuma kawai Mitla, shine ƙaramin babban birni na karamar hukumar Oaxacan mai wannan sunan, wanda yake a yankin Central Valleys na Oaxaca. Theungiyar ta birni ta kasance ta Gundumar Tlacolula de los Valles Centrales, sararin samaniya na manyan kwari uku da ke yankin Mixtec Nudo, Sierra Juárez da Sierra Madre del Sur. Garin Oaxaca kilomita 46 ne kawai daga Garin Sihiri.
2. Yaya aka kafa garin?
Aztec din da ake kira "Mictlán", wanda ke nufin "Kwarin Matattu," ƙaddarar da Hisagawa suka samu na farko daga masu nasara. Masu wa'azin Spain sun gina haikalin farko a tsakiyar karni na 16 don girmama Manzon Al'ummai kuma garin ya karɓi sunan San Pablo Villa Mitla. Abin farin ciki, kyakkyawan ɓangare na manyan gine-ginen da Mixtecs da Zapotecs suka gina ya tsira daga tilasta al'adu da amfani da su azaman "zinare" na kayan. A cikin 2015, San Pablo Villa Mitla an saka shi cikin tsarin Maguran Magical don haɓaka yawon buɗe ido na amfani da mahimmin wurin adana kayan tarihin sa da kuma tsarin gine-ginen ta da kyawawan halittu.
3. Wane irin yanayi ne Mitla take dashi?
Garin San Pablo Villa Mitla wanda aka fi so da tsayinsa na mita 1,684 sama da matakin teku a tsakiyar kwarin, yana da kyakkyawan yanayi, mai sanyi, ba ruwan sama sosai kuma ba tare da canje-canje masu yawa a cikin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ba. Matsakaicin shekara-shekara shi ne 17.4 ° C; wanda ya tashi zuwa 20 ° C a lokacin mafi zafi (Mayu) kuma ya sauka zuwa 15 ° C a lokacin mafi sanyi, wanda yake daga Disamba zuwa Janairu. Ruwa 623 mm ne kawai ke faɗuwa daga sama a kowace shekara, galibi a lokacin Mayu - Satumba.
4. Menene abubuwan jan hankali na Mitla?
Babban abin jan hankalin San Pablo Villa Mitla shine babban wurin adana kayan tarihin sa, babban shaidan ne na wayewar Zapotec da Mixtec. A tsakiyar wurin adana kayan tarihi, kasancewar dandamalin pre-Columbian a matsayin atrium, shine Cocin San Pablo, wanda aka gina akan abubuwan tarihi na pre-Hispanic a matsayin alama ta mamayar al'adun Kirista. Kyakkyawan Fadar Municipal wani gini ne wanda ya cancanci a yaba masa a cikin garin. Kusa da Mitla akwai raƙuman ruwa masu ƙarfi na Hierve el Agua, kyakkyawan kyakkyawan abin al'ajabi. Mitla kuma yana jiran ku tare da moles, cakulan da mezcals, alamunsa akan tebur.
5. Menene mahimmancin Tashar Archaeological na Mitla?
Zapotec - Mixtec yankin kayan tarihi na Mitla shine wanda ke karɓar baƙi mafi yawa a Oaxaca, bayan na Monte Albán. Shafin ya kunshi manyan gine-ginen gine-gine 5 wadanda suke dauke da sunayen Grupo del Norte, Grupo de las Columnas, Grupo del Arroyo, Grupo del Adobe, wanda ake kira Grupo del Calvario; da Kudancin Kungiya. Setsungiyoyin biyu na ƙarshe sune mafi tsufa, waɗanda ke maimaita ƙirar gargajiya na murabba'ai, kewaye da gine-gine, kamar yadda yake a Monte Albán. Wuraren da ke yamma da birnin archaeological gine-ginen da ake kira La Fortaleza, tsarin kariya ne na Zapotec kan ƙabilu masu gaba.
6. Menene ya shahara a rukunin gine-gine?
Daga cikin dukkan rukunin yanar gizon, mafi kyawun shine sungiyar Ginshiƙai, wanda aka bambanta ta amfani da waɗannan tsarukan a matsayin duka abubuwan tallafi da abubuwan adon. Fadar da ke cikin wannan rukunin tana nuna amfani da fasaha mai kyau na frets azaman kayan haɗin kayan ado a cikin fris na facades da bango. An kiyasta cewa rukunin ginshikan an gina shi ne tsakanin ƙarni na sha huɗu da goma sha biyar, kuma ginin sa ya haɗu da mafi kyawun baiwa a fannin kimiyya da fasaha. Sauran abubuwan rukunin rukunin rukuni-rukuni uku ne, abin takaici ya lalace a karni na 16 lokacin da aka kwace kayansu don gina haikalin San Pablo.
7. Yaya Cocin San Pablo yake?
Tana cikin yankin archaeological kuma an gina ta a kan wani dandamali na pre-Hispanic wanda a halin yanzu yake matsayin atrium. An gina haikalin a cikin 1544 a kan rukunin addini na Zapotec kuma yana da gidaje guda huɗu, octagonal uku a cikin ruɓaɓɓun naves da madauwari wanda ke rufe apse. Ofaya daga cikin otsagonal domes ya haɗa da wuri mai tsarki kuma ɗayan mawaƙa. Theofar cocin na musamman an kawata ta da tuddai kuma a bangon kudu na atrium har yanzu yana yiwuwa a yaba da aikin mosaic na Zapotec. A cikin cocin da wasu zane-zanen addini da yawa sun yi fice.
8. Menene ya yi fice a Fadar Municipal?
Fadar Shugaban Karamar Hukumar ta Mitla tana aiki a cikin wani katafaren gini mai hawa biyu, tare da hasumiya da kuma benen jirgi. A matakin farko, doguwar hanyar ta fito ne tare da wasu sassan baka masu lankwasa da goyan bayan ginshiƙai masu fa'ida, yayin da bene na sama ya banbanta ta hanyar baranda. A gaban tsarin akwai hasumiya mai gawarwaki 5, na ƙarshe an gama shi a cikin ƙaramin dome. Jiki na huɗu na hasumiyar yana da agogo kuma yana da baranda. A tsakiyar ginin da ke rawanin ginin akwai buɗewa tare da kararrawa.
9. Da gaske ne cewa dole ne a rufe gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin Mitla saboda gutsutsuren sun ɓace?
A cikin shekarun 1950, Ba'amurke mai suna Edwin Robert Frissell ya sami fili mai fadi a Mitla, inda ya girka tarin kayan tarihinsa, inda aka san wurin tun daga Frissell Museum. Daga baya, mai tarawa Howard Leigh ya yanke shawarar kai wa Gidan Tarihi na Frissell babban tarin kayansa na Zapotec da yake da su a garin Oaxaca, yana yin samfurin kimanin 40,000 zuwa 80,000, mafi girma a ƙasar. Bayan mutuwar Frissell, dukiyar ta koma hannun wasu masu shi, an rufe baje kolin kuma an fara saka labulen asiri akan wurin da sassan suke. An san cewa wani sashi yana hannun Cibiyar Nazarin Anthropology da Tarihi ta andasa, kuma a halin yanzu, Mitla na jiran sake buɗe gidan tarihinta, wanda zai ba ta babban ci gaban yawon buɗe ido. Muna fatan cewa lokacin da kuka je Mitla tuni sun buɗe shi.
10. Yaya Hierve el Agua yake?
17 kilomita daga San Pablo Villa Mitla shine yankin San Isidro Roaguía, inda ake samun matattarar ruwa na Hierve el Agua, wani abin al'ajabi ne wanda yake miliyoyin shekaru. A can nesa kamar ruwa ne wanda ya tsaya tsayin daka saboda wani abin birgewa, kuma ta wata hanya ce, tunda yana da kusan ƙwayoyin sinadarin carbonate da ke cikin ruwan da suka taru a cikin shekaru dubu, iri ɗaya sab thatda haka, a cikin stalactites da stalagmites. Ruwan bazara wanda ya samarda kwararar ruwa shima ya samar da babban tafki na halitta wanda yayi sa'a bai biyashi ba kuma yanzu ya zama wurin shakatawa na zafin jiki. Akwai tsarin datti da ban ruwa na Zapotec mai shekaru 2,500 a shafin.
11. Me zan saya a matsayin abin tunawa?
Yawancin gidaje a cikin garin na tarihi suna yin saƙa da kuma zane-zane wanda ƙwararrun masanan yankin suka yi. Yankunan kayan yadudduka iri daban-daban sun hada da kayan sawa na yau da kullun, kyan gani da kayan gida, kamar su darduma, jakunkuna, sarapes, hammo da tebura. Hakanan suna yin mundaye da abin wuya tare da zaren halitta, ƙananan duwatsu da iri. Yawancin abubuwan da aka zana a jikin yadin an samo su ne daga tatsuniyar Zapotec kuma sun fito ne daga rubutun zamanin Hispanic, kodayake akwai wasu abubuwa masu zane na zamani. A gaban yankin archaeological akwai kasuwar kayan aikin hannu wacce ke ba da waɗannan kyawawan abubuwan tunawa.
12. Yaya ciwon ciki na Mitla?
Oaxacans daga Yankin Tsakiya suna da kyau masu cin tawadar rayuwa kuma Mitla tana rayuwa har zuwa al'ada, cinye ta kuma tayi ta cikin launuka duka, musamman baƙar fata. Wani abincin gargajiya shine hanta tare da ƙwai. Don sha mai daɗi, suna da cakulan su mai zafi, kulawa mai dumi a ranakun sanyi, wanda suke shirya shi da ruwa ba madara ba. Abin shan giya na gida shine mezcal, na ɗabi'a ko ɗanɗano da fruitsa fruitsan itace, waɗanda suke kira creams. A cikin karamin garin Matalán, kilomita 5 daga Mitla, akwai da yawa na palenques na mezcal wanda yasa ake kiran al'umar "babban birnin duniya na mezcal."
13. Menene manyan bukukuwa a Mitla?
Ana yin bukukuwan tsarkaka tsarkaka don girmama San Pablo a cikin watan Janairu. Don wannan lokacin, haikalin, da prerium na Hispanic da titunan da ke kewaye sun cika da mutanen gari da mahajjata waɗanda suka zo daga garuruwan da ke kusa da ƙananan hukumomin da ke kusa. Babban jerin gwano tare da hoton waliyin yana farawa ne da fitowar sa daga haikalin da ke yankin archaeological, yana ci gaba da binne makabartar da ke kusa kuma yana ƙarewa a tsakiyar garin. A cikin jerin gwanon, yawancin masu halarta suna shan mezcalitos kyauta. Jerin addinin yana motsa shi ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin kiɗa, ƙungiyoyi cikin kayan gargajiya da manyan siffofin fantasy, waɗanda aka gina musamman don bikin.
14. A ina zan iya zama?
San Pablo Villa Mitla na kan aiwatar da tayin ayyukan yawon bude ido kuma a yanzu an iyakance kayan more rayuwa a garin da kanta. Za a iya ambaton Otal din Restaurant Don Cenobio, a kusurwar Juárez da Morelos a cikin cibiyar tarihi, tare da suna don kasancewa mai sauƙi da tsabta. Koyaya, kusancin garin Oaxaca yana baka damar zama don sanin Mitla cikin nutsuwa. A tazarar kilomita 40 ko lessasa da San Pablo Villa Mitla sune, misali, Hotel del Lago Express, Hotel Suite María Inés, Hotel Las Palmas da Fiesta Inn Oaxaca.
15. Duk wani wurin cin abinci?
Rancho Zapata, wanda yake ɗan kaɗan kafin ya isa Mitla, yana da fa'idar samar da kayan aikin sa na mezcal da kuma hidimomin abinci na Mexico, Spain da Latin; kasancewar ana yaba masa sosai game da jirgin chicharrones da kayan ciye-ciye na Oaxacan. Doña Chica, akan Avenida Morelos 41 a tsakiyar, tana ba da abinci na yanki, duka gudu da kuma la la carte. El Famoso yana Km. 1 na babbar hanya kuma yana ba da abincin burodi na jita-jita na Meziko a cikin yanayi mai daɗi. Sauran hanyoyin sune La Choza del Chef da Restaurante Donaji.
Shin kuna son tafiyarmu mai sanarwa ta cikin San Pablo Villa Mitla? Idan kuna da wata tsokaci, da fatan za ku rubuto mana kuma za mu yi la'akari da su da farin ciki. Zamu hadu nan ba da dadewa ba don wani abin birgewa.
