Shekaru 30,000 da suka gabata wata kungiyar mutane wacce ba ta wuce mutane talatin ba ta yawo abin da a yanzu ake kira El Cedral, a cikin jihar San Luis Potosí ...
Membobin kungiyar suna cikin natsuwa suna neman abincinsu, sun san cewa kusa da wata bazara dabbobi suka taru suna sha. Wasu lokuta sukan farautar su, amma akai-akai suna amfani ne da ragowar abin da dabbobi masu cin nama, ko na dabbobin da suka mutu kwanan nan, tunda yafi sauƙin yanka gawar.
Ga mamakinsu da jin daɗinsu sai suka gano cewa a wannan lokacin wani katon katako yana cikin tarko. Babbar dabbar da kyar ta tsira, kokarin fita daga laka da kwanakin da bai ci ba sun sanya shi bakin mutuwa. Ta hanyar mu'ujiza, 'yan tsaran ba su lura da dabba ba, don haka wannan rukunin farko na mazaunan Meziko na yanzu suna shirin cin gajiyar mutuwar mutuƙar a babban biki.
Bayan jiran fewan awanni don mutuwar mastodon, shirye-shirye sun fara amfani da duk albarkatun da pachyderm ke bayarwa. Suna amfani da wasu manyan lu'u-lu'u, dan kaifaffiyar flakes guda biyu ta kaifafa su, don samar da kaifi, kaifi wanda zasu yanka da shi. Wannan aiki ne wanda ya haɗa da membobin ƙungiyar da yawa, tunda ya zama dole a yanke fata mai kauri a cikin yankuna madaidaiciya, don samun damar ɓata ta ta hanyar jan ta da ƙarfi: manufar ita ce a sami babban fatar da za a yi tufafi.
Ana yin fatar a kusa da inda aka yanke ta, a wani yanki mai fadi; Da farko, ana goge yankin ciki da kayan aikin dutse, mai kama da kwarin kunkuru, don cire suturar kitse daga fata; Daga baya, za a kara gishiri a sanya shi ya bushe a rana.Haka nan, sauran membobin kungiyar suna shirya guntun nama kuma su kara musu gishiri; wasu sassan suna shan taba, da za a kai su a nade a cikin sabo ganye.
Wasu mazaje suna dawo da gutsuren dabbar da suke da mahimmanci a gare su don yin kayan aiki: dogayen kasusuwa, hakora da jijiyoyi Matan suna dauke da kashin tarsus, wanda siffar sukarin ya ba su damar amfani da su wajen yin wuta wanda a ciki za a gasa nama da wasu kayan ciki.
Labarin gano mammoth din da sauri ya tsallaka kwarin, godiya ga sanarwa daya daga cikin samarin kungiyar, wanda ya sanar da dangin wani kungiyar da yankin nasa yake. Wannan shine yadda wata tawaga ta kusan mutane hamsin ta iso: maza, mata, yara, matasa, manya, tsofaffi, duk suna da niyyar rabawa da musayar abubuwa yayin cin abinci na gari. A gefen wuta suna taruwa don sauraron labaran tatsuniyoyi, yayin cin abinci. Sannan suna rawa da farin ciki da dariya, lokaci ne da ba ya faruwa sau da yawa. Tsararraki masu zuwa za su dawo zuwa lokacin bazara, na shekaru 21,000, 15,000, 8,000, 5,000 da 3,000 kafin yanzu, kamar yadda kakannin kakanni game da manyan bukukuwan naman da ke kusa da wutar ya sanya wannan yanki kyakkyawa.
A wannan lokacin, wanda masana ilimin kimiya suka bayyana a matsayin Archeolithic (shekaru 30,000 zuwa 14,000 kafin yanzu), abinci ya wadatu; Babban garken barewa, dawakai da dabbobin daji suna cikin ƙaura na zamani, wanda ke sauƙaƙa farautar ƙananan dabbobi, masu fama da gajiya ko marasa lafiya. Groupsungiyoyin mutane suna haɓaka abincin su tare da tarin tsire-tsire na daji, iri, tubers da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ba su damu da sarrafa yawan haihuwar ba, tunda lokacin da yawan al-umma ke barazanar takaita albarkatun kasa, wasu daga cikin mafi karancin shekaru na daban don kafa sabuwar kungiya, suna kara shiga yankin da ba a gano su ba.
Lokaci-lokaci kungiyar tana da masaniya game da su, kamar yadda a wasu bukukuwan sukan dawo don ziyartarsa, suna kawo sabbin abubuwa na ban mamaki, kamar su bakin teku, jan launi da duwatsu don yin kayan aiki.
Rayuwar zamantakewar jama'a jituwa ce da daidaito, ana warware rikice-rikice ta hanyar rarraba rukuni da neman sabbin yanayi; Kowane mutum ya yi aikin da ya fi sauƙi a gare su kuma ya yi amfani da shi don taimaka wa ƙungiyar, sun san cewa ba za su iya rayuwa su kaɗai ba.
Wannan wanzuwa na rashin kwanciyar hankali zai dauki kimanin shekaru 15,000, har sai yanayin da ya baiwa garken makiyaya damar kiwo a duk fadin kasar. Da kadan kadan megafauna yana karewa. Wannan ya sanya matsin lamba ga kungiyoyi don kirkirar fasahar su don mayar da martani ga bacewar dabbobin da ke yi musu hidimar abinci, suna sauya dabarun da suke bi don farautar farauta. Tsawon dubun duban yanayin muhallin wannan yanki mai yawa yana bawa ƙungiyoyin mutane damar sanin nau'ikan duwatsu. Sun san cewa wasu suna da halaye mafi kyau fiye da wasu don yin magana mai mahimmanci. Wasu daga cikinsu sirara ne masu tsayi, kuma an yi tsaka-tsakin tsaka wanda ya rufe babban ɓangare na fuskokinsu guda ɗaya, wata hanyar ƙira wacce a yanzu ake kira da al'adar Folsom. Tsagi ya basu damar sanya hannayensu tare da jijiyoyi ko zaren kayan lambu a cikin manyan sanduna na katako, daga inda ake samar da mashi.
Wani al'adar nuna tatsuniyoyi shine Clovis; Wannan kayan aikin ya fi kunkuntar, tare da tushe mai fadi da hadewa, wanda a ciki aka sanya tsagi wanda bai taba wuce tsakiyar yanki ba; Wannan ya ba su damar tarawa cikin ƙaramin sanduna, tare da kayan marmari na kayan lambu, da za a yi amfani da su azaman darts tare da masu motsa katako
Mun san cewa wannan maƙarƙashiyar, wanda shekaru da yawa daga baya za a kira shi atlatl, ya ƙara ƙarfin harbi, wanda tabbas zai kawo wasan cikin bin hanyar ƙetare ƙasa. Irin wannan ilimin ya raba shi tsakanin kungiyoyi daban-daban a arewa, tsakiya da kudancin Mexico, amma kowannensu zai bar salo dangane da fasali da girman tip. Wannan fasalin na ƙarshe, wanda ya fi aiki aiki fiye da ƙabilanci, ya daidaita ilimin fasaha da halayen ɗanyen gida.
A arewacin Mexico, a wannan lokacin, wanda masana ilimin tarihi suka sani da Cenolithic na (asa (shekaru 14,000 zuwa 9,000 kafin yanzu), al'adar wuraren maki na Folsom an taƙaita ga Chihuahua, Coahuila da San Luis Potosí; yayin da al'adun shawarwarin Clovis suka rarraba ko'ina cikin Baja California, Sonora, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Durango, Jalisco da Querétaro.
Wataƙila dukkanin ƙungiyar, maza da mata na kowane zamani, sun halarci lokacin farautar farautar don ƙara girman sakamakon. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, canjin yanayi da ƙarancin farauta sun lalata fauna sosai ta Pleistocene.
A cikin lokaci mai zuwa, Babban Cenolithic (shekaru 9,000 zuwa 7,000 kafin yanzu), fasalin abubuwan da aka zana ya canza. Yanzu sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta kuma ana halayyar su da samun jijiya da fika. Wannan saboda wasan ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma ya fi sauƙi, saboda haka an ba da lokaci mai yawa da aiki a cikin wannan aikin.
A wannan lokacin, fara aiki tsakanin maza da mata ya fara alama. Latterarshen suna zama a sansanin sansanin, inda suke tattara abinci iri daban-daban, kamar su tsaba da tubers, waɗanda shirye-shiryensu sun haɗa da nika da dafa su don su zama abin ci. Dukkanin yankuna yanzu suna da yawa, kuma ana aiwatar da girbi da kamun kifi a bakin teku da koguna.
Ta hanyar kara yawan jama'a a yankin da kungiyoyin suka mamaye, ya zama dole a samar da karin abinci a kowane murabba'in kilomita; Dangane da wannan, masu kirkirar mafarautan arewa suna amfani da ilimin kakanninsu game da yanayin haihuwa na shuke-shuke da suka tara kuma suka fara shuka bules, squash, wake da masara a kan gangaren mafaka da kogo, kamar na Valenzuela da La Perra, a cikin Tamaulipas, wuraren da danshi da dattin kayan gona suka fi mai da hankali.
Wasu kuma za su yi noma a bakin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, koguna, da tafkuna. Lokaci guda, don cinye tsabar masarar, dole ne su ƙera kayan niƙa tare da babban aikin sama, idan aka kwatanta da na lokacin da ya gabata, waɗanda suke cakuda niƙa da murƙushe kayan aikin da ke ba da damar buɗewa da murƙushe bawo tsaba da kayan lambu. Saboda wadannan halaye na fasaha, ana kiran wannan lokacin da suna Protoneolithic (shekaru 7,000 zuwa 4,500 kafin yanzu), wanda babbar gudummawar fasaha shine aikace-aikacen gogewa wajen kera turmi da metates kuma, a wasu lokuta, kayan ado.
Mun ga yadda, ta fuskar abubuwan al'ajabi na dabi'a, irin su bacewar dabbobi, wanda babu wani iko a kansu, wadanda suka fara zama a arewacin Mexico suna amsawa da fasahar kere kere. Ganin yadda yawan jama'a ya karu kuma manyan madatsun ruwa suka yi karanci, sai suka zabi fara noma, don jimre wa matsin lambar da jama'a ke yi kan albarkatu.
Wannan yana haifar da ƙungiyoyi don saka hannun jari mafi girma na aiki da lokaci a cikin samar da abinci. Arni aru bayan haka za su zauna a ƙauyuka da biranen birane. Abin takaici, zaman tare a cikin manyan haduwar mutane yana haifar da karuwar cuta da tashin hankali; zuwa ga ƙara samarwa; ga rikice-rikicen da ake samu na amfanin gona sakamakon wannan tsari, da kuma rarrabuwa cikin azuzuwan zamantakewa. A yau muna kallon nostartically a kan bataccen Adnin inda rayuwa a cikin al'umma ta kasance mai sauƙi kuma mafi jituwa, ganin cewa kowane memba na ƙungiyar mafarauta yana da mahimmanci don rayuwa.
