Yayin da jiragen ruwa ke nitsewa a gindin yashi, lokaci zai sanya su cikin tsarin halittu na cikin gida, tare da samar musu da wani abin gyara da kuma mafakar halittu masu yawa.
Mataki na tarihi a fagen kiyayewa da cigaban halittu a cikin Tekun Cortez ya faru ne tare da nitsewa, a cikin Bay of La Paz, na jiragen ruwa biyu na asalin kasar Sin, Fang Ming da Lapas N03, don juya su zuwa gaɓar tekun roba; Wannan shi ne karo na farko a cikin Latin Amurka da aka sanya sharadin saukar da jiragen ruwa biyu don wannan dalilin.
Labarinmu ya fara tuntuni, kimanin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, lokacin da waɗannan jiragen ruwa biyu suka yi mamakin teku. Dukansu sun tashi daga yankin kasar Sin tare da baƙi da yawa, waɗanda ke neman sababbin ƙauyukan da suka tashi zuwa hanyar Amurka, tare da rayukansu rataye da zare da fatan samun burin da aka daɗe ana jira.
Don haka, Sinawa 157 suka shiga kwale-kwalen Fang Ming kuma sun yi wata biyu suna tafiya a cikin babban Tekun Pacific; Bayan watan farko, abinci da ruwa sun kusan ƙarewa, suna ƙara wahalhalu da wahalhalu na ma'aikatan, kuma watan da ya biyo baya sun kasance cikin yanayin ɗan adam, suna jimre da yunwa, ƙishirwa da cunkoson mutane. A ƙarshe, Sojojin Ruwa na Mexico sun same su a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1995, an yasar da su a cikin teku, suka tafi da su zuwa Puerto San Carlos, inda daga nan aka sauya su zuwa Amurka kuma aka tasa keyarsu zuwa ƙasarsu.
Lapas N03 yana da irin wannan ƙaddarar. Wannan jirgin ruwan, tare da fasinjoji 79, an kame shi a kan manyan tekuna a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 1997 daga Hukumar Kula da Gaggawar Amurka, kuma an dawo da mutanen da ke ciki, kamar na Fang Ming.
An tsayar da jiragen biyu kamar fatalwowi a Puerto San Carlos; A lokacin ne masu kiyaye muhallin gida da membobin Sea Watch suka gansu, wanda da sauri suke da ra'ayin juya su zuwa gaɓar tekun roba, wanda suka tunkari daraktocin pronatura a La Paz, waɗanda suka yi maraba da ra'ayin kuma tare da pronatura Nacional suka haɓaka daftarin aiki
Mataki na farko shi ne gudanar da bincike kan bukatun shari'a da ke tattare da ci gaban wannan nau'in ayyukan a cikin ruwan Mexico, wanda aka kammala shi a shekarar 1997. Daga baya, a shekarar 1998, pronatura ya gudanar da sayen jiragen ruwan kasar Sin guda biyu, wadanda ke karkashin kariya. Sakatariyar Sojan Ruwa; Da yake jiragen ba su mallaki masu su ba, Sakatariyar ta sami damar sanya su a shekarar 1999 domin su ci gaba da aikin.
A ƙarshe an samo jiragen ruwan, amma yanzu ya zama aiki mai wuya na tsabtace su da kuma daidaita su don yin wasan motsa jiki, aikin da Sakataren Navy ya gudanar kuma wannan aikin gaske ne na titans. Jirgin ruwan biyu sun koma Puerto Cortés kuma tare da shawarar ƙwararrun masanan da ke nutsewa, tsaftar ta fara. Wannan ya ƙunshi cire asbestos, hydrocarbons (mai, mai) da sauran gurɓatattun abubuwa, kuma a cikin ɓarnatar da duk wani abu wanda yake dauke da pcbs. Da yake an tsayar da kwale-kwalen nesa da gabar teku, yawancin abubuwan tafiyar sun yi wahala, kuma tun da ba za a iya amfani da injuna ba, dole ne su yi aiki da hannu, suna watsar da duk abin da ke haifar da barazana ga lafiyar masu noman. Dole ne a cire bursunan mai da mai tare da bokiti; A kan wannan ne matuƙan jirgin suka kafa sanannun sanannun Indiya, kuma guga da guga sun cire dubban lita da aka ajiye a cikin jirgin ruwa mai sanyi.
Da zarar kwale-kwalen sun kasance da tsabta, Al Burton, gogaggen mai nutsuwa kuma mai ɗaukar hoto a ƙarƙashin ruwa, ya ba da shawarar yin yankan, wanda ya dogara da ƙa'idar mai sauƙin gaske: Dole ne mashigin ya ga hasken rana koyaushe, don haka dole ne a buɗe manyan ramuka akan bangon bango. Wurare masu haɗari, kamar ɗakunan injina, an rufe su gaba ɗaya. A ƙarshe, an jawo jiragen ruwan zuwa tashar jirgin ruwa ta Pichilingue a La Paz.
Yanzu an zaɓi wurin da ya fi dacewa don nutsar da su, wanda aka gudanar da taron bitar wanda ya kunshi masu bincike, masu nutsar da ruwa, masunta na cikin gida da ƙwararrun masanan, waɗanda suka yanke shawarar cewa mafi kyawun wuraren suna kusa da Tsibirin Espiritu Santo da canal. na San Lorenzo. Sharuɗɗan da aka bi don zaɓar rukunonin biyu sun kasance cewa an kiyaye su daga arewa da yamma iska, tare da zurfin tsakanin ƙafa 60 zuwa 80, tare da ɗan ƙaramin abu, daga hanyoyin jigilar kaya da kusa da maɓuɓɓugar yanayi.
Tambaya ta gaba ita ce ta yaya jiragen za su nitse. A yadda aka saba lokacin da kake son nutsar da jirgin sai ka yi amfani da hanyar da ba ta da tsabtace muhalli ba ta motsa ta, amma an cire wannan tun daga farko; A ƙarshe an yanke shawarar cewa mafi kyawun abin shine ambaliyar su, wanda vyan Ruwa na Mexico da Sakatariyar Navy suka tallafawa da frigate mai kashe gobara.
Mintuna kaɗan kafin jirgin Fang Ming ya nitse, ƙungiyoyi biyu na masarufi da masu zane-zane sun hau kwale-kwalen don nitsewa tare da shi da kuma daukar kyawawan hotunan.
An cire jirgin ruwan kashe gobara, wanda ya turo dubban lita na ruwa a cikin kayan jirgin, tare da sauran jiragen ruwa da ke kewaye; Kyaftin Thomson ya buɗe bawuloli da masu zurfin ruwa a cikin kwale-kwalen da aka riƙe da ƙarfinsu; ruwan ya fara shiga ta hanyar yankan da aka yi a ɓangarorin ƙofar jirgin kuma manyan jiragen ruwa na ruwa sun fito daga jirgin kamar dai su ne gas na ƙarshe na rayuwar Fang Ming; ɗayan waɗannan jiragen ya jefa mai ɗaukar hoto Manuel Lazcano a cikin teku, yayin da Alejandro Burillo, Efrén da Juan Barnard suka jingina ga layin dogo don kaucewa tsotsa; Daga baya suka ce lokacin da jirgin ya nitse, komai ya zama katuwar na'urar wanki. Fang Ming ya faɗi ƙasa, kuma ya yi ruri yayin da yake bugun tekun; damuwar mutane a saman shine yanayin masu nitsuwa wadanda suka nitse da kwale-kwalen, amma ba da daɗewa ba ƙungiyar masu ba da agaji ta ba da shawarar cewa duk suna cikin koshin lafiya kuma an yi fim ɗin ba tare da matsala ba.
Muna ɗokin yin ruwan farko a cikin Fang Ming mun shirya kanmu kuma mun yi tsalle cikin ruwa; a halin yanzu, a saman, ma'aikatan PEMEX sun kafa shinge tare da abubuwan shawagi don hana wasu gurɓatan tarwatsawa.
Abin ban mamaki ne ganin jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa; Mun zagaya wuraren adana kaya, gada, gida, mun hau sama da gangar jikin mun dauki hotuna a hasumiyar umarni, amma abinda yafi shine ganin farkon masu hayarsa: kifaye da yawa da suka zo nema ko neman mafaka, don haka muka fara sabon rayuwar Fang Ming, yanzu a matsayin babban reef na wucin gadi. Mafi girman zurfinsa ya kai ƙafa 72.
Wata rana daga baya mun shiga nutsuwa ta biyu, ta Lapas N03. Wurin da aka zaba don wannan jirgi shine La Catedral, wanda ke da nisan mil 18 daga La Paz, kusa da tsibirin Ballena, a gefe ɗaya na tashar San Lorenzo. Tsarin nitsar ya kasance iri ɗaya, kuma an sake sanya kyamarori a cikin jirgi kuma ƙungiyar masu nishadi ta haɗu da nutsewar, amma a wannan lokacin ba a kula da inda ya dace ba, waɗanda suka tsaya gefe ɗaya na gida; Lokacin da ruwan ya cinye abinsa, jirgin ya fara nitsewa har sai da ya bace. A halin yanzu, wasu masu ruwa-ruwa biyu suna fuskantar matsaloli, saboda karfin ruwan yana da girman da ya hana su rike layin dogo kuma ruwan ya yage su ya sanya su cikin gidan; dukansu sun buge da ganuwar bango masu tsatsa kuma sun rasa wasu kayan aikinsu; Abin farin cikin, lamarin bai faru da mafi girma ba kuma komai yana cikin blowan kaɗan da kuma lalatawa.
Mintuna kaɗan bayan haka ƙungiyar masu ɗaukar hoto daga Meziko da ba a san su ba da sauran kafofin watsa labarai sun yi tsalle cikin ruwa don bincika da zagaya kusurwar Lapas N03; matsakaicin zurfin a wannan sabon rukunin yanar gizo yakai ƙafa 64, ya dace da wasanni da wasan ruwa. Da zarar jiragen sun hau kan tekun, wani sabon matakin bincike zai fara wanda ya kunshi gudanar da binciken kimiyya; Hakanan, ana gudanar da bincike game da tasirin muhalli don tabbatar da cewa reef na wucin gadi ba zai haifar da wani mummunan tasiri kai tsaye ko kai tsaye ba game da yanayin halittar yankin da aka zaba; Hakanan, karatun zai ba da damar lura da tasirin abubuwan da suka faru kamar raƙuman ruwa, igiyar ruwa da ƙwanƙwasawa a kan reef na wucin gadi. Ta wannan hanyar, an faɗaɗa yiwuwar ƙara yawan ragi a yankin.
Abubuwan da ke da wucin gadi, ban da zama gida ga dubban kwayoyin, babban abin jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido ne ga masu sha'awar nutsar da ruwa, ta yadda za a samu karin wuraren shakatawa a kusa da Tsibirin Espiritu Santo, kuma da wannan tasirin zai ragu sosai. a kan shafukan yanar gizo, kamar su Lobera de los Islotes, Bajo da kuma abubuwan da ke ƙarƙashin Swany, da sauransu.
Dangane da kula da waɗannan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na wucin-gadi, ofungiyar Ma'aikatan Ruwa na Tekun Cortez ta tsara ƙa'idar da za ta kafa yanayin da ruwa ke gudana a yankin.
MUHIMMANCIN BAKI
Abubuwan da ke rayuwa ta yau da kullun suna da miliyoyin ƙananan ƙwayoyin carbonate cones, waɗanda murjani da wasu ƙwayoyin halitta ke samar da su don mafaka, kuma sun tara layin a kan rufi a cikin dubunnan shekaru. Reefs sune mafi yawan halittu masu rai a duniya, suna karɓar ɗayan cikin kowane nau'ikan halittun teku guda huɗu, ban da gaskiyar cewa shingen da suke samarwa yana haifar da guguwa mai ƙarfi da kuma hana yashewa.
A gefe guda, murjani yana da kayan aiki waɗanda ake amfani da su don magance wasu cututtuka, kuma suna aiki a matsayin abun maye don ƙwanƙwasa ƙashi.
Ana samun manyan barazanar ta na yanayi a cikin yanayin yanayi, kamar guguwa da zaftarewar bakin teku, haka nan a cikin algae mai raɗaɗi da kuma kifi na kifi wanda yake lalata abinci da murjani. Ayyukan ɗan adam da ke barazanar tuddai sune ci gaban bakin teku, kayan kamun kifi daban-daban - kamar traw - - tarkuna, harpoons da abubuwa masu fashewa, gami da hakar corral don ado na akwatin kifaye ko kuma yin kayan ado. . Duk wannan, kashi 58% na raƙuman ruwa na cikin haɗarin halaka.
An halicci reefs na wucin gadi ta hanyar nutsar da kowane irin tsari da mutum yayi a cikin teku, wanda tsawon lokaci zai zama wani ɓangare na tsarin halittu na cikin gida, yana ba da matattara don gyarawa da kuma tsari na nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire da dabbobin ruwa, kiyayewa da don haka dawo da bambancin halittu. Har ila yau, reefs na wucin gadi suna haɓaka bincike na kimiyya da ilimin muhalli, yayin ƙirƙirar wasu wurare na nutsar ruwa, kamun kifi da ɗimbin ɗabi'a, rage matsin lamba a kan raƙuman ruwa na halitta; sun kuma haifar da cikas ta wucin gadi wacce ke hana kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba a yankuna masu kariya na kariya.
Yawancin waɗannan abubuwan suna faruwa a Bay of La Paz, sabili da haka shine yankin da aka zaɓa don nitsewar jiragen ruwan China.
Mai daukar hoto na musamman a cikin wasannin motsa jiki. Ya yi aiki na MD sama da shekaru 10!
